HISTORY 



OF THE 



Confederated Memorial 

Associations of the South 




Class E.Wd_L 

Book . C 1 ■'^ 
GoiJ)Ti^luN° 



COFVKICIIT DEPOSrr. 



Hist 



ory 



Confederated liemorial Associations 



Soutfi 







"Give the laurel to the victor, give the song unto the slain; 
Give the iron cross of honor, ere death lays the Southron down ! 
But give to these, soul proven, tried by fire and by pain, 
The nnenaory of a mother-love, that pressed an iron crown!" 



PUBLISHED BY THE 

Confederated Southern riernorial 
Association. 



REVISED AND AUTHORIZED EDITION. 






LIBRARY n* nOMf^PfSS 
Two Ogpiea Hecetved 

JUN 27 1904 

Cooyrtfht Ent'v 

CUAS» H. XXo. No 

COPY B 



Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1904. 

By Mrs. William J. Behan. 

President, Cosfedbbated Sovthbrn Memorial Association. 

In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. D. C. 

All rights reserved. 



THE entHAU PRESS 
NEW ORLEANS. 



^I^ 



DeDicatcJ) 

to tbe 

Confederate SolMer 

anD 

au wbo loveD, lost or suffered, 

in that Cause, 

Zbe gran&est tbat ever rose, 

ITbe purest tbat ever fell. 



'To live in the hearts of those who love us, 
Is not to die." 



r U 



■/ 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

Page. 

Foreword 7 

Oration on Life and Services of Jefferson Davis, by Hon. Chas. 

E. Fenner 9 

" The Women of the Confederacy " ,. 27 

The Confederated Southern Memorial Association 29 

The Orlgrin of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association. ... 32 

Mrs. J. C. Lee. Montgomery, Alabama 4 »> 

Bollgee, Alabama 48 

Camden, Alabama 49 

Florence, Alabama 51 

Gainesville, Alabama 54 

Montgomery, Alabama 56 

Whiti House Memorial Association, Montgomery, Alabama C3 

Union Springs, Alabama G4 

Fayettevllle, Arkansas C6 

Pensacola, Florida 71 

Qulncy, Florida 75 

Mrs. F. A. Timberliike. Augusta, Georgia S3 

Albany, Georgia S4 

Americus, Georgia S7 

Atlanta, Georgia SS 

Athens. Georgia lOG 

Augusta, Georgia 107 

Brunswick, Georgia 115 

Columbus, Georgia 116 

Mrs. Chas. J. Williams, Columbus, Georgia 1.3.'. 

Madison, Georgia IjG 

Marietta. Georgia 140 

Resaca, Georgia 143 

Rome, Georgia 151 

Sandersville. Georgia 154 

Savannah, Georgia 156 

Sparta, Georgia 157 

Thomson, Georgia ITiS 

Washington, Georgia 100 

Waynesboro, Georgia ICO 

View, Kentucky 165 

Baton Rouge, Louisiana 166 

Ladles' Confederate Memorial Association, New Orleans, Louisiana. 16S 

Ode to the Confederate Dea<l 178 

Junior Confederate Memorial Association. New Orleans, Louisiana. 191 
Jefferson l)avlH Monument Association. New Orleans. Louisiana. . .196 

Louisiana Historical Association, New Orleans, Louisiana 198 

Blloxl. Mississippi 2fi2 

Greenwood, Mississippi 205 



TABLE OF CONTEXTS — Contiuued. 

Page. 

Vicksburg', Mississippi 207 

Mrs. Tlieodosia Wortliington Valliant, St. Louis, Missouri 212 

Cape Girardeau, Missouri 215 

Jefferson City, Missouri 217 

Mexico, Missouri 219 

Nevada, Missouri 219 

Spring-fleld, Missouri 221 

St. Louis, Missouri 225 

Raleigh, North Carolina 227 

Washing-ton, North Carolina 236 

Charleston, South Carolina 241 

Fort Mill, South Carolina 244 

Knoxville, Tennessee 247 

Southern Mothers, Memphis, Tennessee 262 

Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association, Memphis, Tennessee. ... 266 

Waco, Texas 269 

A Texas Hero 273 

Danville, Virginia 275 

Front Royal, Virginia 277 

Lexington, Virginia 279 

Lynchburg, Virginia 280 

Manassas, Virginia 282 

Petersburg, Virginia 288 

Portsmouth, Virginia 29 2 

Hollywood Memorial Association. Richmond, Virginia 299 

Junior Hollywood Memorial Association, Richmond, Virginia 302 

Oakwood Memorial Association, Richmond, Virginia 304 

Junior Oakwood Memorial Association, Richmond, Virginia 307 

Confederate Memorial, Literary Society, Richmond, Virginia 308 

Winchester, Virginia 314/ 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Page. 

Hon. Jefferson Davl.s 8 

Mrs. W. J. Behan, President, Confederated Southern Memorial 

Association 28 

Miss Sue H. Walker, Corresponding Secretary, Confederated 

Southern Memorial Association 32 

Miss Daisy M. L. Hodgson, Recording Secretary, Confederated 

Southern Memorial Association 36 

Mrs Julia Garside Welch, Treasurer, Confederated Southern Memo- 
rial Association 40 

Mrs. J. C. Lee, Vice-President, Alabama, Confederated Southern 

Memorial Association 46 

Confederate Monument, Bollgee. Alabama 4S 

Confederate Monument, Camden, Alabama 50 

Confederate Monument, Florence, Alabama 52 

Confederate Monument, Gainesville, Alabama 54 

Mrs. Sophie Gilmer Bibb, Montgomery, Alabama 56 

Confederate Monument, Montgomery, Alabama 58 

White House of the Confederacy, Montgomery, Alabama 62 

Mrs. J. ©. Beale, Montgomery, Alabama 64 

Mrs. J. D. Walker, Vice-President, Arkansas, Confederated South- 
ern Memorial Association 66 

Confederate Monument, Fayettevllle, Arkansas 68 

Mrs. Lizzie Pollard, Fayetteville, Arkansas 70 

W. D. Chlpley, Pensacola, Florida 72 

Confederate Monument, Pensacola Florida 74 

Confederate Monument, Quincy, Florida 76 

General E. A. Perry, Pensacola, Florida 78 

Hon. A. E. Maxwell, Pensacola. Florida SO 

Hon. Stephen R. Mallory, Pensacola, Florida 82 

Mrs. F. A. Tlmberlake, Vice-President, Georgia, Confederated 

Southern Memorial Association 84 

Confederate Monument, Atlanta, Georgia S8 

Ex-Presidents of Memorial Association, Atlanta. Georgia 92 

Presidents of Memorial Associations 96 

The Lion of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia 100 

Confederate Monument, Griffin, Georgia 104 

Mra. C. A. Rowland, Augusta, Georgia 108 

Conftjderate Monument. Augusta. Georgia 110 

Confederate Monument. Brunswick, Georgia 114 

Mrs. Robert Carter, Columbus, Georgia 116 

Mrs. Louis F. Garrard, Columbus, Georgia 120 

Group of Officers, Columbus. Georgia 124 

Confederate Monument. Columbus. Georgia 128 

Group of Officers., Columbus. Georgia 132 

Mrs. Chus. J. WIlllamH. Columbus. Georgia 134 

Confederate Monument, Dalton. Georgia 138 

Confederate Cemetery, Marietta, Georgia 140 

Confederate Cemetery, Resaca, Georgia 142 

Confederate Monuments 14g 

Confederate Monument, Rome, Georgia 150 



ILLUSTRATIONS — Continued. 

Page- 
Confederate Monument, Macon, Georgia 154 

Monument to the Gettysburg Dead 156 

Confederate Monument, Waynesboro, Georgia 160 

Presidents of Memorial Associations 164 

Mrs. M. Louise Benton Garner-Graham, Vice-President Louisiana, 

Confederated Southern Memorial Association 166 

Confederate Monument, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 168 

Mrs. Alice Whiting Waterman, Madison, Wisconsin 172 

Confederate Rest, Madison, Wisconsin 176 

Confederate Monument, New Orleans, Louisiana 178 

Miss Estelle M. Hodgson, New Orleans, Louisiana 190^ 

Ex-Presidents of Memorial Associations 196 

Memorial Hall, New Orleans, Louisiana 198 

Mrs. V. Jefferson Davis 202 

Home of Jefferson Davis (Soldier's Home), Beauvoir, Mississippi. .. 204 

Confederate Monument, Vicksburg, Mississippi 206 

Vice-Presidents Confederated Southern Memorial Association 210 

Mrs. Leroy V. Valliant, Vice-President Missouri, Confederated 

Southern Memorial Association 214 

Presidents of Memorial Associations 218 

Confederate Monument, Springfield, Missouri 222 

Confederate Monument, Raleigh, North Carolina 22& 

Ex-Presidents of Memorial Associations 230 

Confederate Monument, Washington, North Carolina 236 

Mrs. Amarintha Snowden, Charleston, South Carolina 240 

Confederate Monument, Charleston, South Carolina 242 

Captain Samuel E. White and Group of Monuments, Fort Mill, 

South Carolina 244 

Confederate Monument, Knoxville, Tennessee 



250 

Confederate Monument (Unveiling), Knoxville, Tennessee 255 

Southern Mothers, Memphis, Tennessee 262 

Southern Mothers, Memphis, Tennessee 264 

Mrs. Fanny Barker Galloway, Memphis, Tennessee 266 

General Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Waco, Texas 270 

Confederate Monument, Danville, Virginia 274 

Confederate Monument, Front Royal, Virginia 276 

Confederate Monument (to the Memory of the V. M. I. Cadets) .... ^78 

Mrs. Lucy Mina Otey, Lynchburg, Virginia 2S0 

Mrs. Kirkwood Otey, Lynchburg, Virginia 282 

Confederate Monument, Manassas, Virginia 286 

Confederate Monument, Petersburg, Virginia 2t;S 

"Old Blandford Church," Petersburg, Virginia 290 

Mrs. Eliza Bilisoly, Portsmouth, Virginia 292 

Confederate Monument, Portsmouth, Virginia 296 

Confederate Monument (Hollywood), Richmond, Virginia 300 

Confederate Monuments .".06 

White House of the Confederacy, Richmond, Virginia 310 

Officers of Memorial Associations 314 



Kjoreworo, 



This volume is a votive offering at the shrine of our short- 
lived nation's memory, hy the last of the "Old Guard" of that 
noble race of women, whose superb heroism was only limited by 
the supreme need of its action. It is written in the current 
which flowed from bleeding hearts, it is bound in love, it is 
launched in hope. May history perennially repeat its story, and 
preserve it as the immortal testimony that the women of the 
South were as true to their duty to '''rise and build" as her 
men were to suffer and die. None can read the record of these 
pages, without being moved to admiration of the undaunted 
spirit that brought forth from the wine-press of poverty and 
self-denial, fruits of toil, that crystallized into glittering mon- 
uments of love, cleaving the skies of the Southland. 

The material for this volume was gained from articles and 
letters sent us by Memorial Associations. The manuscripts for 
the most part have been inserted with as little alteration as 
possible. The matter sent us was related in such con- 
cise and modest terms that small opportunity was left for 
condensation. The knowledge obtained in such a necessarily 
desultory manner we have endeavored to arrange and edit im- 
partially. The publication was delayed in order to include 
all associations that desired to appear in this record of a 
people who have won immortality through sorrow and defeat. 

— 7 — 



We finish our work with an increased enthusiasm, chast- 
ened and mellowed, by a finer knowledge of the greater pa- 
triotism of others. We now consign this sheaf of the garnered 
grain of pious workers in Memorial fields to the great market 
of the world, with an all hail. 

M. Louise Benton Grauam, Chairman, 
Daisy M. L. Hodgson, 
Virginia Frazer Boyle, 

Committee. 



— 8 — 




JEFFERSON DAVIS, 

President of the Confederate States of America. 



Oration 
on tke ~ 
Lire ana 
Services 



Jefferson Davis 



* Hon. Chas. 
— E. Fenner 
or New- 
Orleans 



Jefferson Davis was born on the 3rd of June, 1808, in 
Christian (now Todd) county, Kentucky. He came of revolu- 
tionary stock. His father and two of his uncles rendered honor- 
able service as soldiers in the revolutionary army. 

During his childhood his father removed first to Louisiana, 
and then to Wilkinson county, Mississippi. He received his 
primary education in the local schools, and then became a 
student at Transylvania University, in Lexington, Ky., where he 
studied until November, 1823, when, at the age of fifteen years 
he was appointed to West Point, where he was a contemporary, 
among others, of his life-long friends, Albert Sidney Johnson, 
Bishop Leonidas Polk and Alexander Dallas Bache. 

He graduated honorably in 1828; received his brevet as lieu- 
tenant of infantry, and was immediately ordered to service on 
the frontier. He participated in the Black Hawk war, and 
when that redoubtable chief surrendered, the duty of escorting 
him and his braves to Fort Jefferson, near St. Louis, was 
assigned to Lieutenant Davis. 

In recognition of his efficient services he was selected for pro- 
motion, and was appointed Adjutant of the First Eegiment of 
the United States Dragoons at its organization. 

He was immediately ordered with his regiment to what was 
then the extreme frontier, at Fort Gibson, Indian Territory, and 
was constantly engaged in reconnoissances and expeditions 
against the hostile Indians of the wilderness beyond, in which he 
rendered conspicuous and daring services, characterized always 
by devotion to duty and by an enterprising eagerness to seek 
employment on every difficult or dangerous service. 

* This volume being' published and sold for the benefit of the Jefferson Davis 
Monument, we deem the above the most patriotic and appropriate introduction to 
this work. It was delivered before the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association of 
New Orleans, on June 3, 1901, to celebrate the ninety-thiid anniversary of the birth 
of Jefferson Davis. Judge Fenner was the life-long friend of Jefferson Davis, and at 
his home, the lamented Chieftain of the Confederacy breathed his last. 

— 9 — 



While still in the rogiment of infantry, then commanded by 
Colonel Zachary Taylor, he had met and fallen in love with his 
Colonel's daughter, and had proposed to and been accepted by 
her. In 1835 he resigned from the army and married Miss 
Taylor. 

lie then determined to devote himself to the occupation of a 
planter, and accepting the invitation of his eldest brother, Joseph 
E. Davis, he, with his bride, removed to his brother's plantation 
in Warren County, Mississippi, and employed himself in the 
opening and establishment of the Bricrfield plantation, adjoin- 
ing that of his brother. 

Very soon after his arrival both he and his wife were attacked 
with malarial fever, and within a few months after his marriage 
his young bride succumbed to it, and he was left to struggle with 
his own desperate illness. Although his life long trembled in 
the balance he recovered, and after recruiting his shattered 
"health by a winter in Havana, followed by a visit to Washington, 
he returned to his brother's plantation, and applied himself 
anew to the development and cultivation of Brierfield. 

HIS PLANTATION LIFE 

during the next seven years was one of the most interesting and 
fruitful episodes of his career. His brother, Joseph E. 
Davis, twenty years his senior, was a very remarkable 
man. Educated as a lawyer and long engaged in suc- 
cessful practice, he had abandoned his profession and 
for many years had lived in seclusion on his plantation. He 
had accumulated a large and well selected library, and was an 
omnivorous reader and student. He had an alert and active 
intellect, greedy of knowledge, acutely observant of current 
events, deeply interested in all the living questions of the time, 
with pronounced convictions and a proneness for polemical 
discussion, in which his keen logic and rare faculty of expression 
made him a master, I have heard those who knew them both, 
and were ardent admirers of the younger and more distinguished 
brother, express doulit as to whether the elder was not even his 
superior in intellectual powers. 

Jefferson Davis was a man of similar tastes and tempera- 
ment. He had always been a student. Those who knew him 
during his army life attest that he always evinced a contemptu- 
ous aversion to the common dissipations and frivolities of the 

— 10 — 



camp, and that whenever not engaged in active duty he devoted 
himself to diligent and instructive reading. 

These two congenial spirits thus thrown together in their 
rustic seclusion, employed the large leisure which the planter's 
life of that day afforded, in eager and systematic intellectual 
culture and training. They read everything, and they dis- 
cussed everything. Their constant exchange of ideas and im- 
pressions on every variety of subjects enlarged and precised their 
knowledge, and the frequent clashes of their minds in keen 
debate fixed the clearness and certainty of their convictions, and 
developed the power of enforcing them by logical exposition and 
copious argument and illustration. 

From this veritable gymnasium, Jefferson Davis emerged, at 
the end of seven years, a trained intellectual athlete, with all the 
muscles of his mind perfectly developed and thoroughly fit for 
any service which might be thrown upon them. 

No one who knew Mr. Davis in after years could fail to be 
impressed with the extraordinary range, accuracy and variety 
of his knowledge on all kinds of subjects, or to wonder how, in 
so active a life, he had found time to gain it. 

All equally wondered at the marvelous aptness and power as 
an orator and debater, displayed from the very opening of his 
public career, by a man whose previous life had been passed in 
active military service on the frontier, and afterwards in the 
seclusion of rural life. 

These marvels are no doubt accounted for in part by his great 
natural gifts, but also in large degree by tlie results of these 
fruitful years which he passed in study, discussion and debate 
with his gifted brother. 

Amongst the subjects which engaged their special attention 
were political economy, political history and philosophy, and 
especially the Constitution of the United States, its history, its 
construction and the true theory and nature of the government 
established thereby. Although not a professional lawyer, I make 
bold to say that Jefferson Davis became one of the greatest 
constitutional lawyers that this country has ever produced. 

He then became a thorough convert to what was known as the 
State's rights school of politics, based upon the doctrine that the 
Constitution of the United States was a purely federal compact, 
entered into between sovereign and independent States, which 
did not, by entering into such a compact, forfeit or yield up their 

— 11 — 



sovereignty, but had merely agreed to delegate certain powers to 
the federal government instituted thereby, as a common agent, 
without limitation as to time and subject to recall and re- 
assumption by any one of the sovereign principals that conferred 
them whenever in its judgment they had been abused or per- 
verted to its injury. 

'Mr. Davis was a constant advocate of this doctrine from the 
beginning of his public career down to the last moment of his 
life. He announced it with equal frankness when Massachusetts 
proclaimed her right to secede from the Union because of the 
admission of Texas as a State, as when his own State of Missis- 
sippi actually seceded. 

The doctrine, perhaps, sounds strangely to-day in the ears 
of a generation which has been reared since the war under a 
Constitution interpreted by the fiery edict of battle to import 
forever an indissoluble Union, and under a defiant national 
government which brooks no denial of its sovereignty. I am not 
here to arraign or question the finality of the dread arbitrament 
of war. I am not here to deny that the right of secession lias 
been practically eviscerated from the Constitution by the bloody 
Ca?sarian operation of battle. I am not here even to deny that 
it may be better for us all and better for the world that such a 
settlement has been made. I yield to none in patriotic devotion 
to the Union as it stands to-day. I proclaim my readiness to 
cast in my lot and that of my posterity under the protection of 
the ''Indissoluble Union of indestructible States" which has 
l)eon esta])lished by the war, but speaking from the ante-bellum 
standpoint, viewing it as a purely historical question, in vindica- 
tion of the cause for which our brothers and our fathers fought, I 
am bound to declare my unalterable conviction that the theory of 
the Constitution, adopted and advocated by Jefferson Davis, and 
acted on by the Southern States when they seceded, was the true 
theory of that instrument as it was designed and came from the 
hands of its framers, and was the only theory upon which it 
could have ever secured the consent of the States. 

The Constitution had its origin in the exercise of the right of 
secession from the former's federal compact, whicli existed 
between the States, although the articles of confcdt>ration ex- 
pressly declared that the Union establislied thereby was to be a 
*' perpetual T"'^nion." Noborly had the temerity to propose snch 
a provision in the new Constitution, nor does it contain a word 

— 12 — 



which hints at the surrender of this then acknowledged and 
asserted right of secession from the former federal compact. A 
proposition to invest the Federal Government with power to 
coerce a recalcitrant State was made in the convention, hut was 
overwhelmingly defeated, and this denial of power to compel a 
State to remain in the Union was surely, for all practical pur- 
poses, an acknowledgment of its right to secede. More- 
over, the conventions of several of the States, in their acts 
of ratification of the Constitution, expressly reserved the right of 
the people of the State to reassume the powers delegated when- 
ever they shall be perverted to their injury or such reassump- 
tion " should become necessary to their happiness." 

Numerous attempts were made in the convention to impress 
on the government instituted by the Constitution the character 
of nationality, but everyone was overwhelmingly defeated, and 
the most solicitous eare was taken at every point and in every 
step to preserve its character as a purely federal compact be- 
tween sovereign and independent States which retained their 
inherent sovereignty, and all the powers pertaining thereto, 
exeept the carefully limited functions which were expressly dele- 
gated to the Federal Government as a common agent. 

But I must not allow myself to be drawn into further dis- 
cussion of this great question. Fortunately, Jefferson Davis, 
aided by the exhaustive researches of Albert Taylor Bledsoe and 
of our distinguished and venerable fellow-citizen, B. J. Sage, has 
formulated the whole argument in his " Else and Fall of the 
Confederate Government." I have recently re-read that matchless 
argument. It is comprised in the fifteen chapters of part II of 
that work, and embraces only 112 pages. 

Speaking with all due temperance and strictly as a legal critic, 
I pronounce it one of the most powerful and masterly legal and 
constitutional arguments of which I have any knowledge in the 
English language. In logical arrangement, in lucidity of ex- 
pression, in closeness of reasoning, in the amplitude and pre- 
cision with which it marshals the facts and evidence, in the 
candor and force with which it states and refutes the assump- 
tions and arguments of his opponents, in the admirable sobriety 
of its temper, it stands as a monument to his genius and as a 
model of constitutional exposition. It has never been answered, 
and it is unanswerable. It was intended and it serves as a 
•complete vindication of the right of the Southern States to 

— 18 — 



witlidraw from the Federal Union, to terminate the compact, 
which they had made with their sister States, and to re-assume 
the powers which had been delegated to the Federal Governn>ent 
as a common agent. Buried in the huge tomes of which it forms 
a part, this grand constitutional argument has not attracted the 
attention whicli it deserves. It is complete in itself, and T believe 
it would be a service to all the people of this country if it were 
published by itself in a small volume or pamphlet and dissemi- 
nated throughout the land. It should be read by every patriot, 
Northern as well as Southern. It deals with what is to-day a 
purely historical question. As citizens of a re-united countr}- 
and restored Union, living under a Constitution from which 
all admit that the right of peaceable secession has been eliminated 
by the inveterate res adjudicata of war, and, therefore, irre- 
vocably bound together for weal or woe, we are all concerned in 
finding tlie true basis on which we may forever live together as 
friends. The safest guarantee of the permanence of the Union 
and of peace, harmony, happiness and prosperity of our people 
must be found in the mutual respect and forbearance from insult 
of all sections of the people towards each other. Nothing can 
conduce to this so powerfully as a true and correct underi=tand- 
ing of the grounds and motives on which the Southern States 
acted when they seceded from the Union, and on which especially 
the people of those States, as well those who opposed, as those 
who favored secession, believed in their duty to yield their 
allegiance to the States of which they were citizens. 

But let me pass from this subject and proceed with my sketch. 

Such a light as that of Jefferson Davis could not remain hid 
under a bushel. In 1844 he was chosen as the Democratic can- 
didate for presidential elector in the canvass l)etwecn ^Ir. Clay 
and Mr. Polk. He canvassed the State, and thus became known 
to the people of Mississippi. P>om that time he became their 
idol. 

In 1845 he was married to the noble and gifted woman who 
clung to him, not only as a faithful wife, but as his " guide, phil- 
osopher and friend " through all the vicissitudes of his clieck- 
ered career — who shared and sympatliized in all his ambitions 
and triumphs — who, in his hour of calamity, such as has rarely 
fallen to human lot when he seemed to be deserted by all 
the world, stood heroically by him, clamoring for justice and 
fiercely defying and resisting the torrent of unmerited de- 

— 14 — 



nunciation and abuse which was poured upon his defenseless 
head — and who, after death had snatched him from her, 
true in death as she had been in life, devoted long and 
laborious years of her desolate widowhood to the writing of that 
memoir of her husband which stands as an exhaustive and tri- 
umphant vindication of his memory, and will survive as one of 
the most valuable contributions which has yet been made to the 
history of a momentous era. 

Immediately after his marriage, Mr, Davis was elected as Eep- 
resentative in Congress and took his seat in December, 1845, 
The burning questions of the hour were the Oregon dispute with 
Great Britain, the war with Mexico, and those arising out of the 
annexation of Texas. Mr. Davis leaped at once, full-armed into 
the arena of debate, and in several speeches of great power and 
eloquence attracted the attention of the House and of the people 
and fixed all eyes upon him as one of the coming men of the day. 

His career as Eepresentative was cut short by the war with 
Mexico. In June, 1846, he was called to assume the Colonelcy of 
the regiment of volunteers which Mississippi was raising for 
active service in the field. He immediately accepted and re- 
paired to Mississippi, completed its organization and promptly 
joined the army then fighting under Taylor. The record of 
the brilliant exploits of Jefferson Davis and his Mississippi 
Eifles forms one of the most conspicuous chapters in the history 
of that war. He returned, a wounded hero, amidst the acclama- 
tions of all his countrymen. Within less than two months after 
his return, he was first appointed, and then received the unpre- 
cedented compliment of being unanimously elected to the United 
States Senate, in which he took his seat in December, 1847. 

In 1853 he was called to the Cabinet of President Pierce as 
Secretary of War, in which he served until the expiration of Mr. 
Pierce's term in 1857. At that time he had already been re- 
elected to the Senate and passed immediately from the Cabinet 
to the Senate, where he served until the war. 

Before adverting to the senatorial career of Mr. Davis, let us 
make a brief reference to the services of Mr. Davis as a member 
of the Cabinet. 

He superintended the extension of the Capitol building; he 
co-operated with Bache in the scientific development of the coast 
survey ; he interested himself in the Smithsonian Institute ; he 
forwarded the scientific study of the problems of the Mississippi 

— IB — 



river; he directed surveys for a railway to the Pacific; he re- 
vised the army regulations; he introduced light infantry or the 
rifle system of tactics; he inaugurated the manufacture of 
rifles, pistols and the use of the minie ball; he induced the 
addition of four regiments to the anny, and organized a cavalry 
service adapted to the wants of the country; he augmented the 
seacoast and frontier defenses; he had the western part of the 
continent explored for scientific, geographical and railroad pur- 
poses. He was universally recognized as a great Secretary of 
War, and few have filled that high office who left behind 
more enduring monuments of wise and efficient administration. 

Let us now return to Mr. Davis' career as a Senator. 

That was the era of senatorial giants. Clay, Webster, Calhoun, 
Benton, Seward, Benjamin, Douglas, Toombs and a host of other 
men hardly less distinguished adorned its rolls and formed a 
galaxy of genius such as has rarely been gathered in any deliber- 
ative body. It is not too much to say that Jefferson Davis 
promptly took his place amongst the foremost of them all, and 
won speedy and universal recognition as inferior to none in 
power' of debate, in forensic eloquence, in indomitable courage 
and tact, in breadth and depth of knowledge and in masterly 
equipment for all the duties of practical and philosophic states- 
manship. 

The times were stirring; the flames of sectional agitation and 
conflict which had smoldered since the Missouri compromise 
had been fanned into new life by the admission of Texas as a 
State, and were now burning fiercely about the disposition which 
should be made of the territories of California and New Mexico, 
recently acquired under the treaty with Mexico, and of the re- 
maining territories of the Louisiana purchase. It was a renewal 
of that fatal sectional strife between the Nortliom and the South- 
ern States, which continued to rage with growing fury and in- 
tensity until it culminated in the secession of the Southern States 
and the consequent long and bloody war. 

It is important to have a just understanding of the true 
nature and scope of those controversies. An entirely false con- 
ception of tbeir true nature and scope has grown up and been 
assiduously cultivated to the effect that it was a contest between 
the essential principles of liberty and slavery. Nothing 
could be farther from tlio tnitli. Whatever may have 
been the abstract opinions of individuals on either side; whatever 

— 16 — 



may have been the ulterior designs of certain leaders of public 
opinion in the North; whatever may have been the logical ten- 
dency of the doctrines of the " irrepressible conflict " between 
liberty and slavery, and of the existence of " a law higher than 
the Constitution/' the fact remains that neither party to those 
controversies openly suggested or proposed the liberation of a 
solitary slave then held in bondage. All agreed that the status 
of slavery as it existed in the Southern States was conclusively 
protected by the Constitution, and could not be affected or 
impaired by any action of the Federal Government. Every as- 
surance was offered the Southern States that slavery within their 
limits should not be interferred with. In the compromise of 
1850 the consideration which the Southern States received, 
freely offered and adopted by Northern votes, was the enact- 
ment by Congress of a more stringent law for the return of fugi- 
tive slaves. Even after secession and while the war was flagrant, 
the Federal Government emphatically proclaimed that it had no 
right, no power and no disposition to interfere with slavery in 
the Southern States. But for secession and the consequent war, 
and for emancipation avowedly adopted purely and solely as a 
war measure, there is no reason to doubt that slavery would be 
existing to-day just as it existed before the war, under the full 
protection of the Constitution and laws of the United States. 

The true question involved in those controversies was a ques- 
tion of "balance of power" between the Northern and South- 
em States. Slavery, as a peculiar institution of the South, cre- 
ated a diversity and conflict of interests between the two sections, 
and each was eager, in the admission of the new States, to secure 
allies which might contribute to the advancement and protection 
of its own interests. Ohviously, unless the people of the Southern 
States could remove to the common territories of the Union, 
carrying with them their property, these would inevitably be 
populated by settlers from the Northern States, and would come 
into the Union as free States to swell the power and influence 
of the opposing section. The principle for which the Southern 
people contended was simply the doctrine of which we are to-day 
hearing so much — the principle that " the Constitution follows 
the flag," and that the territories, being the common property 
of all the United States, acquired by the common blood and the 
common treasure, the Constitution guaranteed to all the people 
the equal right of migrating to them, and of carrying with them 



•17 — 



their property, of whatever nature, recognized and protected by 
the Constitution. The Northern people, or at least the domi- 
nant majority of them, assorted the power and duty of Congress 
to exclude slavery from the territories, and to prevent the citi- 
zens of the Southern States from settling in the same, 
unless they abandoned and left behind them their 
slaves, which constituted their most valuable property. 
Although the present Supreme Court of the United States, by 
a bare majority of one, has recently asserted the practical omnipo- 
tence of Congress over the territories free from constitutional 
restraints, the Supreme Court at that day took a different view, 
and in the Dred Scott case gave its emphatic sanction to the con- 
tention of the Southern people. 

It is needless to follow the history and developments of those 
memorable controversies. SufBce it to say that events occurred 
and conflicts arose which rendered impossible the continuance of 
a voluntary Union. The predestined strife was not to be averted. 
Passion usurped the seat of reason. Dissension swelled into 
defiance. Chiding grew into fierce recrimination. Constant 
quarrel ripened into hate. Fourteen Northern States, in their so- 
termed " personal liberty bills," openly nullified the Constitution 
in that very clause which had been the condition sine qua non 
upon which the Southern States had acceded to the compact. A 
sectional party was formed upon a basis known and designed to 
exclude from its ranks the entire people of fifteen States, and 
that party triumphed by an electoral majority which left no hope 
that it could ever be overcome. 

Surely the Constitution of the United States was not framed 
to meet or to fit such a condition of afi:airs. It was a compact 
entered into between independent States for the declared purpose 
of promoting the " common defense and general welfare," and of 
" insuring domestic tranquillity." It was a league between friends 
not between enemies; and when conditions arose which arrayed 
the sections in permanent conflict with each other, and changed 
their relations and feelings towards each other from friendship 
into enmity, he must have been blind indeed who could not see 
that the continuance of a voluntary Union became impossible. 

Mr. Davis naturally espoused the cause of his people, and 
became one of its ablest and most ardent advocates. None saw 
more clearly or deprecated more deeply the inevitable result 
of the continuance of such a conflict. He proclaimed on all 

— 18 — 



occasions his love for the Union. He had spent almost his entire 
life in its service. Although he was a firm believer in the right 
of secession, he regarded it as a last resort, only to be exercised 
in the last extremity, when all other means for securing har- 
mony and a just respect for the rights of all under the Constitu- 
tion had hopelessly failed. With the prescience of a statesman, 
he saw, more clearly perhaps than any other man of his time, 
that the inevitable result of the conditions then existing must 
be the dissolution of the Union, and he strove with all his might 
to avert it. He exhausted his powers of luminous exegesis in 
expounding the true theory of the Constitution, and of the rela- 
tions thereunder of the States to each other and to the Federal 
Grovernment. He lifted his voice in eloquent warning as to the 
sure result of sectional strife as fatal to the continuance of the 
Union. He pleaded pathetically for the preservation of the 
Constitutional Union. He made impassioned appeals to the 
patriotism of the Northern people to respect the constitutional 
rights of the States, and to desist from their furious and insult- 
ing assaults upon the institutions of the South, for the existence 
of which the whole people of the United States shared an equal 
responsibility, and for the protection of which all the people of 
all the States were solemnly bound by the Constitution. 

These efforts he continued down to the last moment of his 
senatorial career. He participated in the efforts of Crittenden 
and of Douglas and of other conservative men to devise some 
compromise of the differences between the sections which might 
avert secession. He served on the committee appointed by the 
Senate to devise such a basis of amicable settlement. In his last 
speech in the Senate before his retirement he said : 

''What, Senators, to-day is the condition of the country ? From 
every corner of it comes the wailing cry of patriotism, pleading 
for the preservation of the great inheritance we derived from 
our fathers. Is there a Senator who does not daily receive letters 
appealing to him to use even the small power which one man 
here possesses to save the rich inheritance our fathers gave ns? 
Tears are trickling down the stern faces of men who have bled 
for the flag of their country and who are willing now to die for 
it ; but patriotism stands powerless before the plea that the party 
about to come into power laid down a platform, and that, come 
what will, though ruin stare in the face, consistency must be 
adhered to, even though the Government be lost." 

— 19 — 



Is this the language of a cold-blooded conspirator? Yet it is 
but a sample of the ardent and eloquent appeals which Mr. Davis 
made for the preservation of the Constitutional Union. 

In tlie actual movements taken by his State towards secession, 
he was not the leader, but the follower and moderator of his 
people. He favored caution and delay in order to leave open as 
long as possible every chance for amicable arrangement, and ho 
thereby incurred the criticism of his friends, who were bent on 
immediate action, and who accused him of not being in heart 
with the movement. 

When all attempts at settlement had been mot by determined 
and immovable opposition on the part of the dominant party, 
and when Mississippi had actually seceded and re-a&sumed her 
position as a sovereign State, nothing was left for Mr. Davis, but 
to yield his unqualified allegianoo to the State of which he was a 
citizen, and to which he believed his allegiance was due. His 
parting words to his fellow-Senators upon his retirement indi- 
cated in eloquent terms that he parted from them, not in angor, 
but in deepest sorrow. 

Jefferson Davis was not an aspirant for the position of Presi- 
dent of the Confederate States. He had signified to his friends 
his preference for service as a soldier in the field, and sii|)p()scd 
that he had guarded against any consideration of his name for 
the presidency, but when the delegates of the States assembled 
in convention for the purpose of organizing a provisional gov- 
ernment, it proved to be their unanimous sentiment that Jeffer- 
son Davis was the man of all others best fitted for the responsible 
position of President of the Confederate States. When he was 
informed of this unanimous action he felt compelled to yield his 
personal preferences and not to shirk the responsibility which 
was thus thrust upon him by the representatives of the people. 

Of j\Ir. Davis' career as President of the Confederate States, 
I shall say but little. The wisdom of his administration of that 
high office has been subjected to that fierce criticism which al- 
ways falls upon the heads of the leaders of lost causes. But when 
we consider the condition and environment of the Southern 
States when they entered upon this tremendous war — their lack 
of arms, of ammunition, of workshops, of factories, of trained 
mechanics, of ships of war and merchant vessels; their inade- 
quate facilities of transportation, their agricultural condition 
wliiob had always been engaged in the production of articles for 

— 20 — 



export, and had been dependent upon the Northern States for 
supplies of food and forage, their want, in fine, of everything 
which was essential to prepare a people for sucessful warfare; 
when we consider that they were speedily cut off by blockade 
from all communication with foreign countries; when we con- 
sider that they were thus thrown upon their own resources to ex- 
temporize the means of supplying all these wants ; when we con- 
sider the enormous odds against which they had to contend, not 
only in numbers, but in every other conceivable advantage, and 
when we then reflect upon the magnificent contest which they 
maintained for four years against overwhelming odds, it is noth- 
ing short of childish folly to deny that the leader in such a con- 
test must have been a man of exceptional character and ability. 
The verdict of history which has already stamped the achieve- 
ments of the South in that long and bloody war as amongst the 
most wonderful and heroic that were ever accomplished by any 
people, can not fail to accord to Jefferson Davis, as their leader 
from first to last, his full share of the credit and glory which be- 
longed to them. He may have made mistakes, and doubtless 
did, but the incomparable morale of the Confederate armies and 
people was largely inspired by the indomitable courage of Jeffer- 
son Davis, and by their confidence that, whatever might befall, 
he would stand by his guns to the very last, and would never 
yield to anything less than the absolute destruction of all power 
of further resistance. 

That confidence was fully justified by the event. When ruin 
and defeat encompassed us on every side; when the army of Lee 
had been, not defeated, but destroyed; when the Confederate 
Capitol had fallen and the government was compelled to flee for 
safety, the indomitable Southern chieftain was still defiant, and 
was still busy and intent on schemes to rally the remains of his 
shattered forces, and to renew and maintain the fight as long as 
there remained a shot in the locker. Had he escaped, the history 
of the Confederate war might not have closed without a final 
chapter, which, owing to his surprise and capture, remained un- 
written. 

The treatment of which Jefferson Davis was made the victim 
after his capture is a chapter which all good men would like to 
see blotted from the history of the Eepublic. Something is to 
be forgiven to the intensity of excitement and resentment which 
prevailed at that time. Let us cast the mantle of charitable 

— 21 — 



silence over the indignities, humiliations and unnecessary cruel- 
ties which for man}' months were visited upon a sick, helpless 
and defenseless prisoner. The memory of them can serve no 
purpose, except to illustrate the heroic fortitude and undaunted 
spirit of their victim. But there were other injuries far worse 
than any mere physical tortures, which justice demands should 
not be left unnoticed. 

All the efforts of the powers that were, to "make treason 
odious," were concentrated upon the defenseless head of Jeffer- 
son Davis. The flood gates of slander and obloquy were opened 
wide upon him. His character was distorted and vilified ; he was 
painted as a monster of cruelty and cowardice, a vile conspirator 
who plotted the ruin of his country and deluged a continent in 
blood, with no better motive than to gratify a criminal ambition 
and to advance his personal interests. He was charged with be- 
ing the instigator and abettor of the murder of Mr. Lincoln, with 
all the malignity, but without the courage, of the actual assassin. 
He was accused of intentional and inhuman cruelty to defense- 
less prisoners. He was charged with having basely rifled the 
treasure chests of the Confederacy, and appropriating them to 
his private emolument. All who knew Mr. Davis, all who will 
take the slightest pains to study the ample record of his life and 
character, must view such charges with peculiar horror and in- 
dignation. 

Jefferson Davis, as a man, undoubtedly had his faults, as who 
has not; but they were the faults of an open and generous 
nature. He had strong friendships and violent prejudices for 
individuals. He was, perhaps, too blind to the shortcomings of 
his friends, and too intolerant to those of his enemies. But 
whatever may be said of him, he was, from top to toe, a gentle- 
man, in the highest acceptation of that word. He had a fine and 
delicate sense of honor which resented the slightest stain upon 
it, as he would a blow in the face. He had a chivalric courage, 
written in his martial bearing, and in his aquiline and defiant 
countenance, which sliirked no confiict, but which always fought 
in the open, and scorned all indirect or underhand advantage. 
He had, as is common with men of that type, a romantic tender- 
ness for the weak and the dependent — as illustrated by the ex- 
quisite and inimitable courtesy and deference of his bearing 
toward women — by his delight in the society of children, and his 
charming faculty for attracting their confidence and affection — 

— 22 — 



and by his gentle, just and Immane treatment of his numerous 
slaves, which made them his devoted friends, whose respect and 
allegiance stood unshaken even after they became free. His 
whole public life was pitched on the highest plane of devotion 
to duty and of inflexible adherence to principle. It was, perhaps, 
his defect as a practical statesman that he scorned too much the 
politician's arts, and shrunk too sensitively from everything 
which involved a sacrifice of principle to expediency. In private 
life he was a man whose word was ever his bond, scrupulously 
faithful to every engagement, sensitively regardful of his obliga- 
tions and the rights of others, with a lofty contempt of all sordid 
considerations— a man as incapable of soiling his conscience or 
his palm with the touch of filthy lucre not his own, as ever "lived 
in the tides of time." 

Such was the man against whom an angry and resentful gov- 
ernment fulminated charges of the most despicable and cowardly 
crimes, and upon whom it set "all the little dogs. Tray, Blanche 
and Sweetheart," to worry at his heels, and with the teeth of 
their envenomed slanders to tear to shreds the fair mantle of his 
unblemished reputation. 

The helpless prisoner, though subjected to the anguish of 
knowing of these wanton assaults, was kept with clo§ed mouth, 
forbidden to utter a word in his own defense. He bore them 
with a lofty contempt, inspired by the mens conscia recti, and 
with a philosophy springing from his serene confidence that soon 
or late triumphant triith would vindicate his name. The time 
came when the sleeping public conscience was aroused to a sense 
of the rank injustice of holding in imprisonment a man charged 
with such heinous crimes, not only without a trial, but without 
even an idictment or arraignment at the bar of public justice. 

Such men as Horace Greeley, Gerrit Smith, John A. Andrews 
and others of the men who had been his bitterest political foes 
took up his case and determined that justice should be done. 
They investigated the pretended evidence on which it was claimed 
that he was implicated in the odious crimes with which he had 
been charged. They convinced themselves, and openly pro- 
claimed to the world their conviction that there was not the 
slightest ground for such charges. Even Thaddeus Stephens, 
who would no doubt gladly have seen Jefferson Davis hung for 
high treason, did not hesitate to declare his confidence that he 
was innocent of all the other charges, saying that he knew 

— 23 — 



Jefferson Davis, and that whatever else might be said of him, he 
was a gentleman incapable of such crimes. There was not even a 
pretense of persistence in those charges. They were absolutely 
abandoned. He was indicted for treason, a purely political 
crime. He was liberated from imprisonment on a bond signed 
by Horace Greeley, Gerrit Smith and Commodore Vanderbilt. 
The government never ventured to press the case to trial. At the 
ensuing term of court a nolle prosequi was entered and Jeffreson 
Davis passed a free man into the body of his fellow-citizens. 

But, although thus completely vindicated, the filthy streams 
of slander and abuse, which sd long flowed unrestrained over his 
fair name and fame, were not turned aside without leaving 
their foul slime behind them. Jefferson Davis had come to be 
regarded by the mass of the Northern people as what they called 
the "arch traitor," the "raw head and bloody bones" of wicked 
rebellion ; the man responsible to widows for their slaughtered 
husbands, to orphans for their lost fathers, to parents for mur- 
dered sons, the very embodiment of hate and evil and bloody 
crime. Even when the returning tide of reason and justice be- 
gan to flow, when juster and more rational views of the war and 
of the participants began to prevail, when the long-silence chords 
of fraternity between the people of a country, once more com- 
mon, began to vibrate with the music of renewed love and gen- 
erosity, swelling into a louder anthem, until it drowned the 
sensate shrieks of hate and discord, even then Jefferson Davis 
was still left in solitary exclusion from the abundant bounty of 
mutual charity and forgiveness. Like a red flag shaken in the 
face of an angry bull, the mention of his name still remained 
a note of discord, which aroused anew the almost-forgotten 
frenzy of the past. Even the Southern people, with all their 
courage, almost learned to speak his name with bated breath, 
and to confine within the private recesses of their own hearts, 
the unbounded sympathy, love and admiration which they felt 
for their imdaunted leader, who had been made the vicarious 
sufferer for faults, if faults they were, which he only shared in 
common with each and every one of them, and who bore the 
whole burden of which they had been relieved, with such eager 
gladness in their relief, and with such unflinching fortitude. 

There was a time when the people of the Southern States had 
the same feelings towards Abraham Lincoln which the i^orthem 
people entertained towards Jefferson Davis, and which still lin- 

— 24 — 



ger in the minds of many of them. How completely have those 
sentiments passed away and been forgotten ! 

Justice is the most persistent and irrepressible of human 
voices. It may be smothered for a time by passion and prejudice 
— it may be temporarily drowned by the uproar of calumny and 
denunciation — but it still clamors for hearing, and the time 
surely comes when it must and will be heard. It took more than 
a century and a half to bring the people of England to the point 
of doing justice to Oliver Cromwell. We live faster in these 
days. More than a generation has passed since the Confederate 
flag was folded to its eternal rest. Death, the great leveler which 
summons each of us in his turn to the bar of judgment, and from 
whose dread presence malice and all uncharitableness shrink re- 
buked, has long since laid his icy fingers on all that was mortal 
of Jefferson Davis. Has not the time arrived for justice to his 
memory? I knew and loved the man. In this brief and im- 
perfect epitome I have sought to strike the true keynote of his 
life and character, and to lay the foundation for a just and im- 
partial judgment on them both. 

With heart overflowing with patriotic devotion to our com- 
mon country — keenly responsive to the spirit of love and fra- 
ternity which has grown up between all sections of our people — 
devoutly thankful to that divine Providence which has so guided 
the hearts of men and shaped the current events, that, out of the 
wreck and ruin of desperate conflict, we are saved the essential 
principles of constitutional liberty and of the equal rights of 
citizenship, and have re-established foundations on which, if 
faithfully guarded and preserved, the glorious destinies of the 
American Eepublic may be triumphantly accomplished, I stand 
here to-day to claim that justice from the whole people of our 
country, Xorth as well as South — justice, only justice — justice 
to the memory of a man who illustrated the history of two 
nations by valor in battle, wisdom in counsel, eloquence in de- 
bate, temperance in triumph and inexpugnable fortitude in ad- 
versity — justice to the memory of a man who, when the mists of 
passion and prejudice shall have passed away, history must 
undoubtedly rank as one of the greatest of Americans. 

I cannot close this appeal more appropriately or enforce it 
more strongly than by quoting the concluding paragraph of his 
great work on the 'Tlise and Fall of the Confederate Govern- 
ment," which was his historical and political testament to his 
people : 

— 25 — 



"In asserting the right of secession, it has not been my wish 
to incite to its exercise, I recognize the fact that the war showed 
it to be impracticable, but this did not prove it to be wrong, and 
now that it may not be again attempted, and that the Union may 
promote the general welfare, it is needful that the truth, the 
whole truth, should be known, so that crimination and recrimi- 
nation may forever cease, and then, on the basis of fraternity 
and faithful regard for the rights of the States, there may be 
written on the arch of the Union, Esto Perpetua." 



— 26 — 




TKe Wc 



of tke Confederacy. 



War has played the game of battles on the bloody field of Mars, 
With fate behind the masque of hope, for clashing Gray and Blue; 
And beside its broken altars, one has furled its stars and bars, — 
The whitest flower of chivalry that heraldry e'er knew. 

And the knighthood of the Southland kept the memory of its Cross, 

Above the bitter lees of life the darkened years have quaffed; 

For its spirit lives, invincible, beyond its woe and loss, — 

Its wassail bowl was valor, and immortal truth the draught ! 

How they charged ! the whole world wondered at the thrilling battle 

stroke ! 
In life's grandest panorama, like Crusaders they had come, — 
But knightlier far than legend e'er in song or story, woke. 
For their Cross was love and honor and their Holy Grail was Home ! 

What marvel then, that nations heard and gave of their applause, 
Before the clash of right with might, of principle with gold, — 
That cradle and the grave were robbed to swell the living cause, 
That left upon the sodden field the grandest record told ! 

Fate won ; and knew not Mercy in that awful molten blare, 

When the Southrons turned in sorrow from the smoking cannon's 

mouth. 
But the arms of love were round them, and above a grim despair 
Rose the voices of their vestals, — faithful women of the South ! 

Theirs were the hands that tied the sash and girt the blade so bright, — 
Theirs were the hearts that fared them forth, — the bravest of the 

brave ! — 
Theirs were the feet that trod the loom from morn till weary night. 
And theirs the love that knelt in faith, beside a warrior's grave ! 

— 27 — 



Far out upon the wrecks of love, their cradle songs were cast, — 
The songs of nursing mothers, as they w^ept the bloodstained shields; 
And hymned unto the boom of guns, the rattling of the blast, 
Their days of youth lie buried on forgotten battle fields ; 

But they builded in the twilight of their hopes and of their fears. 
Love's memorial unto valor, that shall stand while time shall bide, 
Blent of springtime's crimson roses and the purity of tears — 
The Southron's glory-chaplet, for the victor's shaft, denied. 

And the wide world heard no murmur from the keepers of the shrine, — ■ 
In the birth throe of a nation nor the death pang that it brought, — 
In the tending of the cypress that a faithful few will twine, 
When fate tramples down the laurels that a dauntless people sought 

Give the laurel to the victor, — give the song unto the slain ! — 
Give the Iron Cross of Honor, ere death lays the Southron down ! — 
But give to these, soul proven, tried by fire and by pain, 
A memory of their mother-love, that pressed an iron crown ! 

Virginia Frazer Boyle. 



28 




MRS. W. J. BEHAN, 

President Confederated Southern Memorial Association, 

New Orleans, Louisiana. 



t' 



Confederated Soutnern 
Memorial Association 



History is only made by the accretions of years, consequently 
this Confederation of Memorial Associations has in its three 
short years of existence done little to excite comment or to 
record, but the object of its organization is so noble, it must 
command the respect of all Southern people. 

In the great struggle for a noble and just Cause, for which 
the men of the South sacrificed their all, the women with a faith 
and confidence, sublime almost in its intensity, cheered and 
encouraged Fathers, Sons and Husbands in their gallant de- 
fense of their rights, weaved, spun, nursed the sick, and wher- 
ever a woman's hand could tend or soothe^ there her mission. 
With a courage undaunted by the perils that beset her path of 
duty and love, from 1861 to 1865, she hoped, endured and 
prayed for her struggling land and her heroes, and when defeat 
came passed through the fiery ordeal of ruined hopes, to accept 
with a brave and dignified resignation, a fate so adverse, its 
memory can never be effaced. 

Immediately after the fall of the Confederacy the women 
of the South commenced their Memorial work. It is true that 
very rarely have those who have suffered defeat been accorded 
memorial honors; the South has made no such discrimination, 
she has woven wreaths of Immortelles for all who died under 
her banners, although they were lowered in the gloom of defeat. 
For thirty years or more, as their histories have told us, the 
women of the South have cared for their dead, built monu- 
ments and celebrated each year with befitting ceremonies the 
decoration of the graves of their heroes. From all over the 
Southland came the tender record of loving deeds, and each 
association worked on in its own plan of Memorial, emulated 
and encouraged by the efforts of their sisters in other Stat^, 

— 29 — 



all with the single idea and purpose of perpetuating the mem- 
ory and deeds of their valiant dead. To those familiar with 
reconstruction days, and the period immediately following the 
close of the eventful struggle for State Rights and property, 
nothing need be said of the trials that beset and perplexed the 
women of the Confederacy in their efforts to rescue from ob- 
livion the memories of men who stand recorded as the world's 
greatest heroes, but through trials and persecutions these women 
persevered and to-day their noble deeds are told in history and 
song, and side by side with the Veterans they gather each year 
in reunion, recognized North and South, their devotion re- 
warded by the recognition and appreciation of the world, who 
loves a faithful woman; faithful aye, even more so, than the 
usual acceptance of the word, have the women of the Confed- 
eracy been to their heroes, traditions, and the Cause for which 
they struggled four long eventful years. ]\Iany of the faithful 
have passed into the silent beyond, and rest neath the shadow 
of the trees, but "the voices of the past still bring new messages 
to the* present," and the Heaven sent inspiration to unite the 
Memorial Associations of the South into one great band of 
sisters, seems a fitting climax and tribute to the faithful work- 
ers and the work begun in sorrow and privation. 

The beautiful idea of confederating all Memorial Associa- 
tions originated w'ith the Southern Memorial Association of 
Fayetteville, Arkansas, and an invitation was sent out through 
its corresponding secretaiy, ]\Iiss Sue H. Walker, to all Me- 
morial Associations requesting that they send delegates to a 
meeting to be called at Louisville, Kentucky, May 30, 1900. 
In response to this invitation meetings were held by the Me- 
morial Asociations, the plan of confederation endorsed and 
delegates appointed to attend the convention. These delegates 
met in the music room of the Gait House May 30, 1900, at 10 
A. M. Committees were formed and the regular business of 
organization proceeded. A constitution and by-laws were 
adopted and officers elected, thus culminating a cherished plan, 
for by this union of all Memorial Associations it is believed 
we will perpetuate more certainly the purposes for which each 
association has been individually laboring, and will more firmly 
cement the ties which already exist between them. The officers 
chosen were: Mrs. W. J. Behan, of Tjouisiana, President; 
Miss D. M. L. Hodgson, of Ijouisiana, Recording Secretary; 

— 30 — 



Miss Sue H. Walker, of Arkansas, Corresponding Secretary; 
Miss Julia A. Garside, of Arkansas, Treasurer; Mrs. Sarah 
Polk Blake, of Louisiana, Historian; and one Vice President 
for each State. The President, Eccording Secretary and His- 
torian are members of the Ladies' Confederate Memorial As- 
sociation in ISTew Orleans, Louisiana. The Treasurer and Cor- 
responding Secretary are memhers of the Southern Memorial 
Association in Fayetteville, Arkansas. On three occasions since 
its organization at Louisville, in 1900, has the Confederated 
Southern Memorial Association met in convention, viz : at 
MiOmphis, Tennessee, Dallas, Texas, and New Orleans, Louis- 
iana. An increased membership and more intelligent Imowl- 
edge of the history of the Confederate Cause is the natural re- 
sult of these annual meetings, a closer bond of fellowship and a 
determined effort to perpetuate in history the testimony of the 
broken hearted women and maimed heroes of '61-'65, a sacred 
duty which must be fulfilled before the march of time decimates 
OUT rapidly thinning ranks and leaves us naught but tradition 
and song. 

To future generations of the people of the South and to tlie 
Sons and Daughters of the women of the Confederacy, who 
first banded themselves together in memorial work, may this 
Confederation carry its messages and legacy of devotion to the 
memory of a Cause and the heroes who fought for it, the Death- 
less Dead of the Southern Confederacy. 

Margaret Cary Green Davis, 

Historian. 



— 31 — 



R 



The Origin of the Confederated 
Southern Memorial Association t5i& 



ITS WORK, PAST AND PRESENT. 

Early in the sprins,' of 1900, at a regular monthly meeting 
of the Soutliern ^Memorial Association of Fayettevillc, Arkan- 
sas, on motion of Miss Julia A. Garside (now Mrs. W, B. 
Welch), it was decided to endeavor to organize all Memorial 
Associations of the South into a general federation, the object 
being to commemorate the work already done and to insure its 
continuance. The Corresponding Secretary was instructed to 
write to associations elsewhere and ask their co-operation. Cor- 
dial responses were received and arrangements made for dele- 
gates from each association to meet at the United Confederate 
Veteran Reunion at Tjouisville, Kentucky. A most enthusiastic 
meeting was held at the Gait House, May 30th, 1900, at which 
time the organization was perfected, delegates from thirteen 
associations being present. The following officers were elected 
for a term of three years: President, Mrs. W. J. Behan, of 
White Castle, La. ; Recording Secretary, Miss Daisy M. L. 
Hodgson, New Orleans, La. ; Corresponding Secretary, Miss 
Sue H. Walker, Fayettevillc, Ark.; Historian, ]\Irs. Sarah Polk 
Blake, and a Vice President from each, of the States repre- 
sented. 

A Committee on Constitution and By-Laws was appointed 
as follows: Miss Julia A. Garside, Chairman; Mrs. Joseph 
R. Davis, Mrs. Lizzie Cary Daniel, Mrs. M. E. Lloyd, "Mrs. 
L. Graliam, and Mrs. W. J. Behan, ex-officio. 

At a subsequent meeting the same was submitted and adopted. 
The Constitution provides that this organization shall be called 
" The Confederated Southern Afemorial Association," its ob- 
ject, "Strictly ^lemorial and Historical." The original signers 
of the constitution are as follows: 

Mrs. Katie Walker Behan, :^^rs. J. D. Walker, Mrs. M. I»uise 
Benton Graham, Miss Daisy M. L. Hodgson, ^liss Lucy "Mar- 

— 32 — 




MISS SUE H. WALKER, 

Corresponding Secretary Confederated Southern Memorial Association, 

Fayetteville, Arkansas. 



.1>.11 Smith Mrs. K. J. McGowan, Mrs. Jennie Edwards, M-s. 
t T M TeeT Mrs. Theodosia Worthington Valliant M.ss 
Julia'A Ga de, Miss Sue H. Walker, Mrs. Joseph B. Dav.s, 
fc WE Badjer, Mrs. Sholton Chieves, Miss ^^^-^^-^-^f- 
^an, Mrs Davil C Eichardson, Mrs. liz.i. Gary Dan.el, Mrs. 
M E. Lloyd, Mrs. N. V. Kandolph. 

Upon the second day of the Reunion the delegates f he 
newly Confederated Associations proceeded in a body to the 
United Confederate Veteran Convention Hall, where they we 
^ by a committee of veterans and provided w,th seats on the 
Xtfom The Confederated Southern Memonal Association 
wl rinally recognized by the United Confederate Veterans 
amid great applause. General Gordon expressing his hearty ap- 
Tiroval of the Confederation. 

•^ A memorial to General Gordon and the veterans, prepared 
by Mrs. Lizzie Pollard, President of the Southern Memoriri 
iLciation of Fayettevillo, Ark., and signed by the thirteen 
"associations, was then read in a most i-P-je ™"- 
ner by Ool. Charles Coffin, of Arkansas, and was as follows. 

Gen. John B. Gordon. Commander-in-Chief United Confeder- 
ate Veterans: . 

Dear Sm-Throughout the South are scattered memonal 
associations, who have not relinquished their origmal organiza- 
tTZ and ;hose work is solely memorial and ^nnmentah 
These associations (some of which were formed as far back as 
1865) by the most assiduous efforts, have removed from way- 
side and battlefield our sacred dead-placed them m cemfi- 
t^^es" our own, and builded monuments «>at wil h^r la^" 
iu.. testimony to the courage, endurance and patrio ism of te 
Confederate soldier. We bring to you -<>-*-='"« ^X" 
stration of work done, than any other orgam.ed body of South 
em people, men or women. We propose to organize or com- 
bine these memorial associations (embracing as "-riy as PO. 
Bible every one in the South) into what we call a Confedera- 
tion of Memorial Associations." ^ 

We are not willing to lose our identity as memorial associa- 
tions, nor to merge ourselves into «» JT^'^^T'tder' 
"The Daughters of the Confederacy." We hope by this feder- 
ation to commemorate our efforts and stamp our work upon 
the hearts of those who come after us, and thereby insure its 



— 3S — 



continuance. We would esteem it a privilege and pleasure to 
have our delegates meet at the same place and time that the 
United Confederate Veterans hold their annual reunions if 
agreeable to them. Of course, we do not ask a voice in their 
councils; but we would like to meet with them. Many of us 
arc veterans — veterans as much as the gray, battle-scarred old 
soldiers, tho' we bided at home. While they stood amid the 
smoke of battle, we stood amid the smoke of burning homes; 
when they fought, we wept and prayed; when they were hun- 
gry, we had only a crust at home; when their clothes were 
wearing threadbare on the long and weary march, we were busy 
with wheel and loom and needles; when they were in peril on 
picket, we held tearful, prayerful vigils. Are we not veterans as 
well as they? 

Hoping this may meet with your approval, and that of the 
body over which you preside, I am, very respectfully yours, 

Mrs. Lizzie Pollard^ 
President Southerrv Memorial Association, Fayetteville Ark. 

Much, enthusiasm and frequent applause was elicited by the 
reading of this memorial, and the veterans gave their endorse- 
ment by a rising vote. At subsequent meetings of this Conven- 
tion many important matters were discussed. Chief among 
them, the proposed monument to Jefferson Davis. Mrs. N. V. 
Eandolph, of Richmond, Vinginia, Chairman Central Commit- 
tee of the U. D. C, made an earnest appeal in behalf of this 
work, and requested the assistance of the memorial associations 
in the completion of this monument. On motion of Miss Sue 
H. Walker, of Arkansas, the Confederation pledged its co-oper- 
ation. 

A motion was made by Miss Lucy M. Smith, and seconded by 
Miss Daisy Ml L. Hodgson, that "the Confederated Southern 
Memorial Association be incorporated in the State of Arkansas, 
in compliment to the Southern ]\romorial Association, of Fay- 
etteville, Ark., with whom originated the beautiful idea of the 
consolidation of Southern Memorial Associations." It was 
adopted unanimously, and jMrs. J. D. Walker was appointed a 
oonunittee of one to attend to this business. After reports 
from various committees the Convention adjourned to meet on 
the first day of the United Confederate Veteran Reunion at 
^Nfemphis, Tenn. 

— 34 — 



On the 30th day of Octohcr, 1900, through their attorney, 
J. D. Walker, the petition of the several memorial associations 
mentioned in the charter was filed in the Circuit Court of 
"Washington County, in the State of Arkansas, and upon due 
consideration of the petition by the court, it was ordered that 
the petition he granted and a certificate issued. 

The charter reads as follows : 

State of Aekansas, ) In the Washington 

County of Washington, j Circuit Court, 

October Term, A. D., 1900. 
Whereas, The Southern Memorial Association, of Fayette- 
ville, Ark.; the Hollywood Memorial Association of Richmond, 
Va. ; the Junior Hollywood Memorial Association, of Eich- 
mond, Va.; the Oakwood Memorial Association, of Eichmond, 
Va. ; the Confederate Memorial Literary Society, of Eichmond, 
"Va. ; the Ladies' Memorial Association, of Petersburg, Va. ; 
the Confederate Memorial Association, of St. Louis, Mo.; the 
Warren Memorial Association, of Front Eoyal, Va. ; the Ladies' 
Confederate Memorial Association, of Memphis, Tenn. ; the 
Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association, of Fort Mill, S. C. ; 
the Ladies' Memorial Association, of Knoxville, Tenn. ; the 
Ladies' Memorial Association, of Gainesville, Ala.; the Ladies' 
Confederate Memorial Association of New Orleans, La. ; the 
Confederate Cemetery Memorial Association, of Vicksburg, 
Miss. ; the Ladies' Memorial Association, of Montgomery, Ala. ; 
the Jefferson Davis Monument Association, of New Orleans, 
La., the Ladies' Memorial Association, of Ealeigh, N. C. ; the 
Ladies' Memorial Association, of Augusta, Ga. ; the Ladies' 
Memorial Association, of Atlanta, Ga.; the Wilcox County 
Ladies' Memorial Association, of Camden, Ala.; the Junior 
Oakwood Memorial Association, of Eichmond, Va. ; the Ladies' 
Confederate Memorial Association, Junior, of New Orleans, 
La.; the Ladies' Memorial Association, of Albany, Ga. ; have 
filed in the office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Wash- 
ington County, their constitution and articles of law, with their 
petition for incorporation under the name and style of The 
Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and the prayer 
of said petition having been granted by the Circuit Court of 
Washington County, in obedience to the order and direction of 
said court, they are therefore declared a body politic and cor- 

— 35 — 



porato by the name and style of The Confederated Southern Me- 
morial Association, with all powers, rights, privileges and im- 
munities granted in and by the Constitution of the same, and 
allowed and granted by the laws thereunto appertaining, for and 
during the period of ninety-nine years from the date of this 
certificate; they, the said petitioners, the said several associa- 
tions, each having and retaining their several and separate or- 
ganizations and all their rights, powers, privileges and im- 
munities not specifically delegated and granted by them to the 
said Confederated Southern Memorial Association. 

Witness my signature and official seal as Clerk of the 
Circuit Court of Washington County, and ex-officio Recorder 
thereof, this 30th day of October, A. D., 1900. 

(seal) a. L. Crouch, 

CJerh and Ex-Officio Recorder. 

An account of the Confederation, its object and aims, in- 
corporation, growth, etc., was sent to the Southern Historical 
Society, of Kichraond, Va., and was given a place in Vol. 28 
of the Southern Historical Society Papers, ^nth an eloquent 
preface by the editor. 

Having touched upon the origin of the Confederation, its 
first Convention and its incorporation, it is in order to give a 
condensed report of the work accomplished and planned by the 
organization. Of the early work of 1;he old Memorial Associa- 
tions, too much can not be said. These were the women to 
whom President Davis referred in his dedication of the " Rise 
and Fall of the Confederate Government." 

To 

The women of the Confederacy, 

Whose pious ministrations to our wounded soldiers 

Soothed the last hours of those 

Who died far from the objects of their tenderest love; 

Whose domestic labors 

Contributed much to supply the wants of our defenders 

in the field; 

Whose zealous faith in our cause 

Shone a guiding star undimmed by the darkest clouds of war; 

Whose fortitude 

Sustained them under all the privations to which they were 

Subjected; 

Whose annual tribute 

Expresses their enduring grief, love and rcvorcnco 

For our sacred dead; 

and 

Whose patriotism 

Will teach their children 

To emulate the deeds of (uir revolutionary sires. 

— 36 — 




MISS DAISY M. L. HODGSON, 

Recording Secretary Confederated Southern Memorial Association, 

New Orleans, Louisiana. 



The care of the graves of the Confederate Dead, and erection 
of monnments to their memory has ever been, and is, the special 
trust of the Memorial Associations. The numerous monu- 
ments erected prior to 1895 were all built by them. These vet- 
eran women of the Memorial Associations, with all the enthu- 
siasm of their youth, have continued to thus honor the brave 
defenders of their beloved Southland. They are the leaders, the 
inspiration; but many younger women 'are constantly Joining 
their ranks and will carry on the Memorial work when these have 
laid their burdens down. A most important undertaking of the 
Confederated Southern Memorial Association is the collection 
and compilation of the histories of all these memorial associa- 
tions, to preserve them in book form. This volume will be 
of priceless value to the children and grandchildren of 
these noble women, who with breaking hearts amid the 
gloom of defeat, proved themselves the " Hearts Cour- 
ageous " of those times, by gathering the sacred dust of 
the South's heroic dead into cemeteries of their own, and 
building monuments to their memory. We owe it to them, 
and to future generations, to preserve tliis record, and to 
see that the name under which this great work was done, be not 
allowed to pass into oblivion. A copy of this book, " History 
of the Confederated Memorial Associations of the South," will 
be placed in all the Confederate Museums and principal libra- 
ries; and the proceeds from the sale of the book will be de- 
voted to the Jefferson Davis monument. In accordance with the 
promise made at Louisville to assist in erecting this monument 
to the beloved President of the Confederacy, the energetic and 
earnest efforts of the Confederation have been directed to this 
end. Three members from the Confederated Southern Memo- 
rial Association were added to tlie Board of Directors of the 
Jefferson Davis Monument Association, viz. : Mrs. W. J. Be- 
han, Louisiana; Mrs. G^arland Jones, North Carolina, and Mrs. 
J. D. Walker, Arkansas; and to their zeal much credit is due. 
At the Convention of the United Daughters of the Confed- 
eracy, held in Montgomery, Ala., November, 1900, Mrs. S. 
Thomas McCullough, President of the Jefferson Davis Monu- 
ment Association, embodied in her report, a request that the 
President of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association 
be requested to appoint an Executive Committee to co-operate 
with the committees from tbe United Daughters of the Con- 



— 37 — 



federacy in soliciting and collecting funds for the Jefferson Da- 
vis Monument. This request was complied with, and the fol- 
lowing Committee named: 

Confederated Southern Memorial Association Committee — Co- 
operating with the United Daughters of the Confederacy, 
for the Erection of the Jefferson Davis Monument: 
Mrs. W. J. Bchan, Chairman, New Orleans, La. ; Mrs. Martha 
Dandridge Bibb, IMontgomer}', Ala.; ^Irs. Junius Jordan, Fay- 
etteville, Ark. ; Mrs. W. D. Chipley, Pensacola, Fla. ; ^Irs. S. H. 
Melone, Atlanta, Ga. ; Miss Rosa Lobrano, New Orleans, La.; 
Mrs. Charles Gascoigne Wright, Vicksburg, Miss.; Mrs. Leroy 
B. Valliant, St. Louis, Mo.; Mrs. Garland Jones, Raleigh, 
N. C; Mrs. Alice A. Gaillard Palmer, Charleston, S. C; Mrs. 
Letitia Frazer, Memphis, Tenn. ; Mrs. D. C. Richardson, Rich- 
mond, Ya. 

The report of the Treasurer at Richmond credits the Con- 
federated Southern Memorial Association with the sum of 
$7,108.63 for the Davis Monument Fund up to September, 
1903. The sales from our book will greatly augment the sum. 
The Confederation has shown much interest in the Confederate 
Bazaar in Richmond for the benefit of ilhe Davis Monument 
and Confederate Museum; generous donations of money and 
fancy articles for the State booths were sent. 

Soon after the Confederation was organized at Louisville, 
the subject of the care of the prison dead buried in the North, 
presented itself, and one particular case was brought to imme- 
diate attention. In June, 1900, Congress passed an act carry- 
ing with it an appropriation for the disinterment of about two 
hundred and sixty Confederate soldiers buried in and around 
Washington, D. C, and providing for their rc-interraent in Ar- 
lington National Cemetery. This act was passed without the 
knowledge of many in the South, and an appeal was issued )iy 
the President of the Confederated Southern Memorial Associa- 
tion in September, calling attention of the Southern people, and 
particularly of Presidents of Memorial Asssociations to this 
act of Congress, that tliey might claim their dead (a list having 
been published) and bring them back to their native States. 
The movement was received with entliusiasm; the Confederate 
Veterans coming forw'ard with contributions for removal. ^luch 
correspondence ensued, and though the desire to accomplish 

— 38 — 



this work was strong among memorial women, and could have 
been accomplished but for certain provisions of the act, they 
were doomed to disappointment ; the Quartermaster General 
of the Fnited States of America being ordered to execute the 
provisions of the act of Congress passed June, 1900. The appro- 
priation having been made for the specific purpose of removing 
these remains to Arlington, the law had to be executed. 

Though unsuccessfid in this particular case, we do not re- 
gret the effort ; and whenever and wherever possible the dust of 
these heroes will be claimed and returned to Southern soil. In 
some cases this can not be, and the bill recently introduced in 
Congress by Hon. J. B. Foraker, of Ohio, to provide for appro- 
priate marking of the graves of Confederate soldiers buried 
in the North, met with the warm approval of the Memorial 
Associations, and Mrs. W. J. Behan, President of the Confed- 
eration, voiced their sentiments in her letter to Senator Foraker 
for his action in this matter. The bill passed the Senate, Janu- 
ary 34th, and though the great rush of business at the close of 
the session prevented its consideration by the House, it is 
confidently hoped that favorahle action will be taken at the 
next sesssion of Congress. 

In addition to the general work of the Confederation, the 
Associations give evidence of renewed interest in local work by 
increased membership, reg^ular meetings, and interesting pro- 
grammes for Memorial Day exercises. June 3rd. the date 
adopted by the United Confederate Veterans at the Dallas Ee- 
union, will be generally observed. Credit is due the Ladies' 
Confederate Memorial Association, of Kew Orleans, for this 
action of the veterans. It is true that this day was adopted 
some years ago at the United Confederate Veterans' Reunion 
in Houston, Texas, but its observance was not generally adopted 
and but for the zeal of these devoted admirers of President 
Davis, this beautiful tribute to his natal day might never have 
been made official. It was at Memphis that our second annual 
convention was held, and there the Confederated Southern 
Memorial Association inaugurated the beautiful custom of 
holding memorial services in honor of President Davis. This 
service was held in Calvary Episcopal Church, on the first 
morning of the Eeunion, and the eloquent address by Bishop 
Gailor will long be remembered by those present. Again, at 

— 39 — 



Dallas, this solemn and impressive memorial service in St. 
Matthew's Cathedral was the first feature of the Confederated 
Southern ]\Iemorial Association Convention, conducted by Right 
Rev. Alexander C. Garrett, whose tribute to Jefferson Da\4s 
and the women of the South was most eloquent and touching. 
This mark of devotion to the memory of President Davis, pa- 
triot, statesman and Christian gentleman, will continue to be 
the initial feature of all our conventions. 

But Iftiirteen Associations were represented at the organiza- 
tion of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association in 
Louisville; sixty-two are now enrolled, with an average mem- 
bership of seventy-five each. This steady growth and interest 
is mainly due to the ability, untiring energ}' and devotion to 
Southern memories of the President of this Confederation, Mrs. 
W. J. Behan. 

The officers whose three years' term of service expires ^lay, 
1903, arc: Mrs. W. J. Behan, President; Miss Daisy M. L. 
Hodgson, Recording Secretary; Miss Sue H. Walker, Corre- 
sponding Secretary; Mrs. Julia A. Garside Welch, Treasurer; 
State Vice-Presidents : Mrs. D. H. Williams, Alabama ; Mrs. J. 
D. Walker, Arkansas; Mrs. W. D. Chipley, Florida; Mrs. F. 
A. Timberlake, Georgia; :Mrs. L. Graham, Louisiana; Mrs. M. 
A. Stevens, Mississippi; Mrs. Jennie Edwards, Missouri; Mrs. 
Garland Jones, North Carolina; Mrs. J. B. Mack, South Caro- 
lina; Miss ]\L A. Ault, Tennessee; Mrs. Sterling Robertson, 
Texas; Mrs. David C. Richardson, Virf^nia. Historian: !Mrs. 
Jos('j)b R. Davis, New Orleans, La. (appointed to succeed Mrs. 
Sarah Polk Blake, who resigned.) Poet Laureate: ^Irs. Vir- 
ginia Frazer Boyle, Memphis, Tenn. 

The Honorary members of the Confederation arc: ^Irs. A'a- 
rina Jefferson Davis, Mrs. " Stonewall " (T. J.) Jackson, Mrs. 
J. E. B. Stuart. ]\rrs. D. H. Hill. :Mrs. Braxton Bragg, :\rrs. J. 
Addison Hayes, i\Irs. Frances Kirby-Smith Wade, INliss Mary 
Custis Lee, ^[i.»s ]\Iildred Lee, and ^Irs. E. Kirby Smith. 



— 40 — 




MRS. JULIA GARSIDE WELCH. 

Treasurer Confederated Southern M'^morial Association,. 
Fayetteville. Arkansas. 



ASSOCIATIONS ENEOLLED 

IN THE 

CONFEDEEATED SOUTHEEN MEMOEIAL 
ASSOCIATION. 

Soidhcrn Memorial Association — Fayette/ville, Ar'kansas. 

Mts. Lizzie Pollard, President; Miss Sue H. Walker, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Montgomery, Alahama. 

Mrs. Martha D. Bibb, President; Mrs. I. M. P. Ockenden, 
Secretary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Camden, Alahama. 

Mrs. W. F. Spurlin, President; Mrs. N. C. Farish, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association' — Oainesville, Alahama. 

Mrs. D. H. Williams, President; Miss Mary S. Jackson, Sec- 
retary. 

Southern Ladies' Memorial Association — Florence, Alahama. 
]*[rs. M. W. Camper, President; Olive Gertrude Bogert, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies Memorial Association — Boligee, Alahama. 

Mrs. A. C. Morehead, President; Mrs. J. McKee Gould, Jr., 
Secretary. 

Union Springs Memorial Associatiton — Union Springs,Alaba7na. 
Mrs. V. P. Pickett, President ; Mrs. Mary F. Pittman, Sec- 
retary. 

White House of the Confederacy — Montgomery, Alahama. 

Mrs. J. D. Beale, President; Mrs. John W. A. Sanford, 
Secretary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Pensacola, Florida. 

Mrs. W. D. Chipley, President; Mrs. S. A. Moreno, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Quincy, Florida. 
Mrs. L. P. May, President. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Atlanta, Georgia. 

Mrs. W. D. Ellis, President; Inez Hedge, Secretary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Augusta, Georgia. 

Mrs. C. A. Eowland, President; Miss Mary A. Hall, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Columhus, Georgia. 

Mrs. Louis F. Garrard, President; Mrs. Jane E. Martin, 
Secretary. 

— 41 — 



Ladies' Memorial Association — Marietta, Georgia. 

Mrs. R. L. Nesbitt, President ; Mrs. Frances W. Clay, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Waynesboro, Georgia. 

Mrs. E. F. Lawson, President; Inez Wilkins Jones, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Albany, Georgia. 

Miss Harriet Ashe Hall, President; Mrs. W. L. 0. Davis, 
Secretary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Athens, Georgia. 

Miss ]\rildrod L. Rutherford, President; Miss Basiline 
Prince, Secretary. 

Washington Memorial Association — Washington, Georgia. 

Mrs. S. H. Dillard, President; Mrs. G. A. Porche, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Resaca, Georgia. 
Mrs. E. J. Simmons, President. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Brunswich, Georgia. 

Mrs. M. M. Madden, President; Mrs. Annie C. Hunter, 
Secretary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association Morgan County — Madison 
Georgia. 

Mrs. J. A, Billups, President; Mrs. Mary Chiles Ware, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Mernorial Association — Rome, Georgia. 

Mrs. Josephine N. Smith, President; Mrs. Ilalsted Smith, 
Secretary. 

Hancock Jjadics' Memorial Association — Sparta, Georgia. 

Mrs. H. L. Middlebrook, President; Mrs. W. A. Martin, 
Secretary. 

Sandersville Memorial Association — Sandersville, Georgia. 

Mrs. B. D. Evans, President; Mrs. S. J. Bayne, Secretary. 

Americus Memorial Associatiton — Americus, Georgia. 

Miss Maria Harrold, President; Miss Lucy C. Taylor, Sec- 
retary. 

The Ladies' Memorial Association — Thomson, Georgia. 
Mrs. E. S. Plarrison, Jr., President; Mrs. H. .Toluismi, Secre- 
tary and Treasurer. 

The Eliza Easlon Shannon Memorial Association — View, Ken- 
tucky. 



— 42 — 



Mrs. Zylla Moore Cardin, President; Mrs. James C. Baker, 
Secretary. 

Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association — New Orleans, 
Louisiana. 

Mrs. W. J. Behan, President; Miss Kate Eastman, Sec- 
retary. 

Junior Confederate Memorial Association — New Orleans, 
Louisiana. 

Mrs. Blackraan Turner, President; Mrs. J. J. Prowell, Sec- 
retary. 

Jefferson Davis Monument Association — New Orleans, Louisiana. 
Mrs. James Buckley, President; Miss Kate Childress, Sec- 
retary. 

Confederate Memorial Association — Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 
Mrs. J. W. Bates, President; Mrs. W. J. Hurst, Secretary. 

Confederate Cemetery Memorial Association — Viclcshurg, Missis- 
sippi. 

Mrs. M. A. Stevens, President; Mrs. Chas. Gascoigne 
Wright, Secretary. 

Beauvoir Memorial Association — Greenwood, Mississippi. 

Mrs. M. S. Kimbrough, President; Jennie Young, Sec- 
retary. 

Jefferson Davis Home Memorial Association — Biloxi, Missis- 
sippi. 

Mrs. W. H. Maybin, President; Miss May Armstrong, Sec- 
retary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Natchez, Mississippi. 

Mrs. E. B. Monteith, President; Capt. Fred Le Cand, 
Secretary. 

Confederate Memorial and Literary Society — St. Louis, Missouri. 
Mrs. Leroy B. Valliant, President; Mrs. Jennie C. Edwards, 
Secretary. 

Sterling Price Memorial Association — Jefferson City, Missouri. 
Mrs. Laura Allen, President; Mrs. Beauregard H. Fer- 
guson, Secretary. 

State Monument Association — Springfield, Missouri. 

Mrs. W. J. Haydon, President; Mrs. William H. Grottfried, 
Secretary. 

Blandford Memorial Association — Mexico, Missouri. 

Miss Belle Morris, President; Mrs. Adele Sandford, Sec- 
retary. 

— 43 — 



Samuel S. Flarris Memorial Association — Cape Girardeau, 
Missouri. 
Mrs. Louis Ilaiick, President. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Nevada, Missouri. 

!Mrs. ^laria Cogswell, President; Annie Lisle Stuttmund, 

Secretar}'. 
Ladies' Memorial Association — Raleigh, North Carolina. 

Mrs. Garland Jones, President; Miss Annie L. Devereux, 

Secretary. 

Beaufort County Memorial Association — Washington, North 
Carolina. 

Mrs. Jennie S. Jarvis, President; Margaret Arthur Call, 
Secretary. 

Ladies' Memorial Association — Fort Mill, South Carolina. 

Mrs. J. B. Mack, President. 
Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association — Charleston, South 

Carolina. 

Mrs. Alice A. Gaillard Palmer, President; Annie Simpson 

Rood, Secretary. 
Ladies' Memorial Association — Knoxville Tennessee. 

Mrs. William Caswell, President; Mrs. Mattie W. Keller, 

Secretary. 
Ladies' Memorial Association — Memphis, Tennessee. 

]\L-s. C. B. Bryan, President; Mrs. I. N. Murray, Secretary, 

Southern Mothers — Memphis, Tennessee. 

Mrs. J. H. Humphreys, President. \ 

Sul Boss Memorial Association — Waco, Texas. 

Mrs. Sterling Rohertson, President; Mrs. Hallie M. Dunk- 
lin, Secretary. 

Confederate Memorial and Literary Society — Richmond, Vir- 
ginia. 

Mrs. Joseph Bryan, President; Mrs. Lizzie Cary Daniel, 
Secretary. 

Hollywood Memorial Association — Richmond, Virginia. 

Mrs. Joseph Bryan, President; ^h-s. J. C. Stewart, Sec- 
retary. 

Junior Ilollyivood Memorial .[ssociation — Richmond, Virginia. 
:Miss Elizabeth F. Towncs. Prcsidont : :Mrs. W. :\I. Wade, 
Secretary. 

— 44 — 



Oal-wood Memorial Association— Richmond, Virginia. 

Mrs. Stephen Beveridge, President; Mrs. John T. Hughes, 
Secretary. 
Junior Oal-wood Memorial Association— Richmond, Virginia. 
Mrs. Alice C. Fitz, President; Miss Grace E. Schermerhom, 
Secretary. 
The Warren Memorial Association — Front Royal, Virginia. 

Mrs. C. Davis Koy, President ; Miss Lucy Buck, Secretary. 
Ladies' Memorial Association— Petersburg, Virginia. 

Mrs. H. Van L. Bird, President; Mrs. Shelton Chieves, 
Secretary. 
Manassas Memorial Association— Manassas, Virginia. 

Mrs. W. E. Lipscomb, President ; Mrs. Jennie Ashby Wolfe, 
Secretary. 
Lynchburg Memorial Association — Lynchburg, Virginia. 

Mrs. Kirkwood Otey, President; Mrs. John H. Lewis, Sec- 
retary ; 
Ladies' Memorial Association — Danville, Virginia. 

Mrs. A. M. Aiken, President ; Mrs. Frank Burton, Secretary. 
Memorial Aid Association — Portsmouth, Virginia. 

Mrs. 0. J. Hatton, President; Mrs. Mary A. Bingley, Sec- 
retary. 
New Market Memorial Association — Lexington, Virginia. 

Miss Margaret W. Freeland, President; Eosa J. Brooke, 
Secretary. 
Ladies Memorial Association— Winchester, Virginia. 

Miss Mary Kuntz, President ; Miss Lucy Kussell, Secretary. 

This Confederated Southern Memorial Association held its 
fourth annual convention in New Orleans, La., May 19th, 20th, 
21st, 22d, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, respect- 
ively. Its headquarters were in the Continental Guards Armory 
on Camp street, opposite Lafayette Square and City Hall. The 
opening feature of the convention was the usual Jefferson Davis 
memorial service on Tuesday, May 19th, at 10 a. m., in Christ 
Church. General J. B. Gordon, Commander-in-Chief United 
Confederate A^eterans; General Stephen D. Lee, and General J. 
B. Levert, Commander Louisiana Division United Confederate 
Veterans, with their respective staffs, a large number of veterans, 
members of memorial associations. United Sons of Confederate 
Veterans and United Daughters of the Confederacy were in at- 
tendance. 

— 45 — 



The following ladies were elected to servo I'or the next term 
of three years: Mrs. W. J. Behan, President; Mrs. George A. 
Williams, Corresponding Secretary; Mi.ss D. M. L. Hodgson, 
Recording Secretary; Mrs. Charles G. Wright, Treasurer; Miss 
Mary A. Hall, Historian; Mrs. Virginia Frazer Boyle, Poet 
Laureate. State Vice-Presidents — Mrs. J. C. Lee, ]\Iontgomery, 
Ala. ; Mrs. J. D. Walker, Fayctteville, Ark. ; ]\rrs. W. D. Chip- 
ley. Pensacola, Fla. ; Mrs. F. A. Timberlake, Augusta, Ga. ; Mrs. 
Alden ]\rcLellan, New Orleans, La. ; Mrs. M. A. Stevens, Vicks- 
burg, ]\Iiss. ; Mrs. Leroy B. Valliant, St. Louis, Mo. ; ^Irs. Gar- 
land Jones, Raleigh, N. C. ; Mts. Alice A. G. Palmer, Charles- 
ton, S. C. ; Miss Missie Ault, Knoxville, Tenn. ; Mrs. Shelton 
Chieves, Petersburg, Va. A vote. of thanks was offered to the 
retiring officers for their very faithful and efficient services. 

Sue H. Walker, 
Corresponding Secretary Confederated Southern' Memorial As- 
sociation. . 



MRS. J. C. LEE 

Vice-President ConreJerateJ SoutKern Memorial Association 
Montgomery, Ala. 

^Frs. J. C. Lee, Vice-President of the Ladies' ^femorial Asso- 
ciatiton of Montgomery and a Vice-President of the Confederated 
Southern Memorial Association, is a member of one of the most 
prominent and distinguished families in the South. Mrs. Lee 
is a native of the Abbeville District, S. C, and is descended 
from the distinguished families of Lomax, Tennent, and Mid- 
dleton, so that by inheritance, association, and education she is 
thoroughly imbued with all the principles and traditions of 
Soutihern thought and feeling, which she has the happy faculty 
of infusing enthusiastically into all the various organizations 
with which she is so prominently associated for perpetuating 
the memory of the Confederacy. She is one of the leading spirits 
engaged in the noble work of raising funds for the erection of 
a monument on the battlefield of Chickamauga to the gallant 
•sons of Alabama who fell in that fierce contest. 

The election of Mrs. Lee as a Vice-President of the Confeder- 
ated Southern Memorial Association occurred at the fourth 
annual convention in New Orleans. The Times-Democrat stated 
in regard to it: 

— 46 — 




MRS. J. C. LEE, 

Vice-President for Alabama. Confederated Southern Memorial Association, 
Montgomery, Alabama. 



" Mrs. John C. Lee is one of the most interesting attendants 
at the convention of the Confederated Southern Memorial Asso- 
ciation. She wears upon her breast the badge of her membership 
to the Association, which is dated 1868. Mrs. Lee is well known 
in Montgomery for her unselfish patriotism that for thirty- 
three years has made her devoted to the noble work of her 
organization. Yesterday she was the center of a little crowd 
of women in the reception room at the Convention headquar- 
ters, and obligated tO'tell many times her experiences and the 
event in particular that has made her name so well known and 
well loved in her community. At the outbreak of the war Mrs. 
Lee and her husband resided in Lewisville, Lafayette County, 
Ark. Much sentiment was on the side of the ISTorth. When 
Lincoln's proclamation was issued, there were only five men 
in the town who stood for Southern principles and Seces- 
sion. The leaders of the Union party straightway made a 
large national flag and flung its colors to the breeze. On see- 
ing this, the small, but determined, band of Southern sympa- 
thizers appealed to their wives to make a Confederate flag. Mrs. 
Lee at once took the lead. She was assisted in making the 
flag by Mrs. Welborn, now of Montgomery, and Mrs. Marshall, 
of Camden, Arkansas. The coat of arms of Arkansas dec- 
orated one side, with 'States' rights forever' on the other side, 
and it was the women who raised it. This was the first fiag 
raised in Arkansas in opposition to the Union. Mrs. Lee tells 
with enthusiasm how she and her friends cut up their fine and 
expensive silk gowns to make that banner. 

"All during the war Mrs. Lee kept lier home open to Confeder- 
ate soldiers, and it became a hospital from which no one was ever 
turned away. Mrs. Lee sewed for the soldiers, nursed them, 
and her splendid courage and tender ministrations did more 
than can be measured now in mere words; her husband, Dr. John 
C. Lee was a cousin of General Kobert E. Lee, and was surgeon 
general on the staff of General Thomas C. Hindman when the 
latter was in command of the Trans-Mississippi Department 
of the Confederate army." 



— 47 — 



LADIES' MEMOKIAL ASSOCIATION, 
BOLIGEE, ALABAMA. 

The association known as the " Ladies Memorial Association " 
of Boligee, was first organized in 1870, with the offices of 
President, Secretary and Treasurer, Each year since, memorial 
day has been observed with a growing affection, and considered 
more and more a great privilege. Generally the ceremonies 
consisted of prayer, an oration by a Confederate veteran, or a 
Son of a Veteran, then a procession of young men and maidens 
and children, all clad in white, bearing flowers, which were 
placed on the graves of the Confederate dead, who lie in our 
cemetery. After the address, there is music and prayer, which 
concludes the exercises. On a large mound is a very pretty 
monument, which was unveiled in 1896, on which occasion 
Governor Oats made a l)cautiful address, setting forth the 
sacredness of sucli occasions, the pride, pleasure and obligation, 
that must and should attend us, ever, in memoriam of our noble 
dead. 

Tlie folowing ladies have served as Presidents, several of 
whom have died, but all were faithful, and discharged their 
duties with credit, as did their assistants: 

Mrs. J. McKee Gould served five years; Mrs. W. F. Shetford, 
four years; Miss Sallie Johnston, two 3'ears; Miss Lizzie Mayes, 
one 3'ear; Miss Adalinc McLenore, five years; Miss Mary E. 
Perry, two years; ]\Irs. J. A. ^lorchead, tliree years. 

To Miss McLenore belongs the credit of organizing and 
directing tlie earnest work that culminated in a monument to 
our illustrious dead, and we felt our loss when she moved from 
our midst. 

Our President, Mrs. J. A. ^Morehead is a most active and 
zealous worker. Since she has been in office, she has had iron 
crosses placed at each grave. The cemetery is put in order 

— 48 — 



r 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1896. 

Boligee, Alabama. 



each year — the Confederate graves having special care bestowed 
upon them. We contributed the sum of twenty-two dollars and 
fifty cents to the Home for Confederate Soldiers at Mountain 
View. The members one and all are devoted to the memories 
of that Cause so dear to every Southern woman, and while 
we are not in a position to contribute large sums of money — we 
give our mite, cheerfully, whenever it can aid those, who sacri- 
ficed their all in defense of home and friends, and while life 
lasts, we will ])e true to the memory of our Confederate Dead. 

Mrs. J. McKee Gould, Jr., 

Secretary. 



WILCOX MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
CAMDEN, ALABAMA. 

The Wilcox Memorial Association was organized in the Sixties. 
We erected a monument to the Confederate Dead at a cost of 
one thousand and sixty-four dollars ($1,064). It was the third 
one erected in this State. We have placed marble headstones 
over the graves of thirty-five (35) Confederate soldiers buried in 
our Cemetery. In May, 1902, we put a handsome steel and wire 
fence around our Monument lot, at a cost of two hundred and 
thirty dollars ($230.00). 

We intend to beautify the ground around the monument with 
flowers and shrubbery. We have contributed small sums of 
money to other associations that were trying to raise monuments 
to our fallen heroes. Some years ago we sent a large box of 
Confederate relics to the Confederate Museum at Richmond, 
Virginia. We also sent eighteen dollars ($18.00) to purchase 
a case to contain these relics. The decoration of the graves of 
Confederate soldiers in Camden was instituted by Mrs. Lucy 
Motheson nee Jones, Mrs. W. F. Spurlin, a few young ladies, 
and some school children. We had no orator for the occasion, no 
music, but silently placed the flowers on the graves. Since that 
date, however, the interest has continued to grow and Memorial 
Day is now universally observed by our citizens. Our first memo- 
rial address was made by General Richard Jones. Our Con- 
federate monument was unveiled on April 26, 1880. It is in 
the center of a large lot and is built on a mound covered with 
bermuda grass. There are three blocks of Alabama granite at 
the base. Resting on this is a square shaft of the same stone 

— 49 — 



surmoimted by a figure of a Confederate Soldier resting " Lt 
arms.'' On the center of the shaft is the Coat of Arms of the 
State of Alabama and below on a granite block the following 
inscription : 

IN MEMORY 

OF THE 

CONFEDERATE DEAD 

OF 

WILCOX COUNTY. 

1861— 1865. 

On the North side : 

"They save tlieir lives for us; 

For the honor of Alabama, 

For the Rights of the States, 

And for the Principles of the Union, 

As they were handed down to us 

By the Fathers of our common country." 

" The measure of their death was the crowning glory of their lives." 

Jefferson Davis. 

On the South side of block is the inscription : 

" When marble wears away 
And monuments are dust, 
The songs that guard our soldiers' clay 
Will fulfill their trust." 

F.\THER RVAN. 

On the East side : 

ERECTED BY 

THE LADIES' MEMORIAL 

AND 

WILCOX MONUMENT ASSOCIATION. 

APRIL 26— A. D. 1880. 

At the unveiling of the monument the address was delivered 
by Major Charles L. Scott. Only two of the original officers 
are living, Miss Sallie Jones and myself. 

The officers elected to serve this year are: Mrs. W. F. Spurlin, 
President; Mrs. S. A. Moore, Vice President; Mrs. W. A. Dex- 
ter, Treasurer ; Mrs. W. J. Bonnu, Secretary. 

Mrs. W. F. Spdrlin, 

President. 

— 50 — 



LADIES' MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION. 
FLOKENCE, ALABAMA. 

During the Civil War there was- scarcely a time when some 
command of the opposing armies was not encamped at Florence 
or in the vicinity. And our good women, cultured and tenderly 
protected until the horrors of war confronted them, bravely faced 
the new conditions. They uncomplainingly bore the hardships 
of daily life, and at the same time cheerfully responded to all 
appeals for help from those less fortunate, while they nursed 
and fed the sick and wounded soldiers from our own and the 
enemy's camps, one of the residences of the town being tempo- 
rarily turned into a hospital. 

After the war, when this section was left desolate and poverty 
was the common inheritance, these noble women, many of them 
with broken hearts, still cherished the memory of the Southern 
cause as sacred, and honored those who gave their lives in defense 
of the principles of this beautiful Southland. Before the organ- 
ization of a memorial association these devoted women, under 
the leadership of Mrs. Cassity, tenderly cared for the graves of 
their heroes. In 1869 the Ladies' Memorial Association was 
formally organized with the following officers : 

President — Mrs. E. 0. Pickett. 

Vice-President — Mrs. H. W. Sample. 

Secretary and Treasurer — Miss Bertha Jones. 

Mrs. Pickett served two years, when in 1871 Mrs. Cutler Smith 
was elected President, with the re-election of the Vice-President, 
Mrs. H. W. Sample, and of the Secretary and Treasurer, Miss 
Bertha Jones. Mrs. Cutler Smith served eighteen years as 
President. 

During Mrs. Cutler Smith's term of office about fifty (50) 
graves of Confederate soldiers buried in our cemetery were 
marked, and the site selected in our town for a monument, suf- 
ficient money having been raised to start work and complete the 
base at this period. 

In 1889 the following officers were elected : President, Mrs. 
William C. Sherrod; Vice-President, Mrs. William M. Jackson; 
Secretary, Miss Jem Weakley; Treasurer, Mrs. William P. 
Campbell. 

In 1891 the following officers were elected: President, Miss 
Sallie Collier; Vice-President, Mrs. William M. Jackson; Sec- 

— 51 — 



retary, Miss Jem Weakley ; Treasurer, Mrs. Wiliam P. CampbelL 
This marks a critical period in the history of our association, 
as by this time Florence, lilv^ many north Alabama towns, had 
experienced a "boom" and all it implies — first, fictitious values, 
and then the reaction, business depression, etc., and in conse- 
quence the failure of the banks, which held the deposits of the 
Memorial Association. This money, nearly one thousand dollars, 
representing years of strenuous effort, was swept away just when 
the association felt its cherished hopes were to be realized. 

In 1893 Mrs. Cutler Smith was again elected President with 
a large corps of assistants. 

After our loss of money a period of discouragement set in and 
many were too disheartened to continue the work. But during 
all these years Memorial Day had been faithfully observed. Each 
soldier's gi-ave was decorated with flowers, and his deeds of 
valor told in eloquent words by tlic orator of the occasion. 

In 1896 the following officers were elected: President, Mrs. 
Jno. B.' Weakley, Jr.; Vice-President, :Mrs. M. W. Camper; Sec- 
retary, Miss Olive Eogers ; with the duties of Treasurer devolving 
upon the President. Under :Mrs. Weakley's administration re- 
newed and successful efforts were made to increase the amount in 
our treasury. 

In 1901 the following officers were elected: President, Mrs. 
M. W. Camper; Vice-President, Mrs. A. M. CNeal; Secretary, 
Miss Olive Rogers ; with the duties of Treasurer devolving upon 
the President. 

During the past year we determined to raise a sufficient sum 
to complete the monument and at last our efforts are crowTied 
with success. The monument stands upon the public square 
about thirty feet north of the courthouse corner. The shaft is 
an imposing one, and is a credit to the heroes of today, the 
men and women who have made it a fact, as well as to the 
heroes of the past. It consists of a shaft of stone rising to the 
height of nearly sixteen feet, and the statue surmounting the 
shaft is of white marble and was made in Carara, Italy. It rep- 
resents a soldier, a private, suggesting the return of peace. He 
has thrown his knapsack upon the ground, resting one foot upon 
it. His gun is lowered, held in position by his left hand, wliilo 
with his right he returns the bayonet — the war is over. His 
countenance is beautiful witli manly strength and noble resolve 
to face the future. Beneath the figure on the sides of tlie 



— 52 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled iqo3. 

Florence, Alabama. 



marble is carved, C. S. A. 1861-1865. Deo Vindice. The inscrip- 
tions on the shaft are "In memory of the Confederate Dead from 
Lauderdale County, Florence, Alabama. Unveiled with appro- 
priate ceremonies April 26th, 1903." "Glory stands beside our 
grief." "The manner of their death was the crowning glory of 
their lives." 

The programme for the unveiling began with a march of the 
different Confederate organizations from the Synod ical College 
to Court street. The procession was arranged in the following 
order: Col. A. M. O'Neal and staff, cornet band, Confederate 
Veterans, Wheeler Eifles, the cannon from Cuba, the Ladies' 
Memorial Association, the Florence Chapter, United Daughters 
of the Confederacy, children of the public schools, Masonic and 
other lodges, city officials, citizens on foot and in carriages. 
Arriving at the Public Square the ceremony of unveiling was 
opened with prayer by Eev. A. P. Odom, a Confederate veteran. 
Col. J. D. Weeden, of Camp O'Neal, introduced the orator of 
the day, Dr. H. A. Moody, whose eloquent discourse touched the 
hearts of the vast asembly. At the close of Dr. Moody's ad- 
dress the monument was unveiled to the admiring gaze of the 
multitude by thirteen little girls and boys, all descendants of 
Confederate veterans. The children were dressed in white with 
red ribbons and each holding a red and white ribbon attached 
to the veil covering the statue. At a given signal the veil was 
drawn, and at the same time from four hundred school children, 
accompanied by the band, burst forth the song "Then I Wish 
I was in Dixie" and the rebel yell from the enthusiastic veterans 
was an inspiring accompaniment. The names of the children 
who took part on this grand and never-to-be-forgotten occasion 
are : Novia Chisolm, Cornelia Malone, Eubie Harrison, Dorothy 
Ewin, Arthur Kirby, Viva Eose, Simpson Johnson, Mary Ash- 
craft, Olivia O'Neal, Annie Eowell Hood, George Dudley, Henry 
M. Gilbert, Francis Walker. 

Before closing this brief history of our association, we must 
mention the faithful work and able assistance rendered by the 
Florence Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It was 
with the co-operation and valuable contributions of this chapter 
that we were enabled to complete the monument. 

Mrs. M. W. Camper, President. 



— 53 



CONFEDERATE LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION", 
GAINESVILLE, ALABAMA. 

During the Confederate war for Constitution and Southern 
Independence our community and the greater part of the State 
escaped the usual depredations committed by the enemy and tlie 
peaceful relations existing between master and servant were un- 
disturbed. We were ever on the alert, not knowing what might 
occur under the existing state of affairs, throughout our beloved 
Southland, Many sick and wounded soldiers were brought into 
our midst, reminding us most forcibly of the horrors of war and 
causing us to congratulate ourselves that we were far from the 
scene of active hostilities. Our sympathies were aroused and 
we determined to prove our loyalty and devotion to the Con- 
federate cause by doing all in our power to alleviate the suffer- 
ings of the sick and wounded Confederate soldiers. One of the 
most comfortable buildings in the city was turned into a com- 
modious hospital, where we cared for the sick and wounded 
brought here from the different battle fields and camps. Much 
interest .was manifested in this hospital work, and the love and 
devotion of our people found expression in many ways. From 
far and near wagons came rolling in loaded wuth supplies suit- 
able for the sick and wounded, but despite the tender care and 
gentle nursing, many died without ever again looking upon the 
sweet face of mother, wife, sister or sweetheart, after they had 
bade them farewell on leaving home for the seat of war. These 
brave defenders of our Southland, who had sacrificed all at their 
country's call, were buried in our cemetery until something more 
fitting could be done to immortalize their heroic deeds. When 
the war closed and we heard the last sound of the footsteps of 
our heroes as they passed through our streets on their weary 
march to desolated homes, we began to make plans for the 
proper care of the graves of those who were laid to rest in our 
cemetery. On the 26th of April, one year after the memorable 
surrender of Ix'e's incomparable army at Appomattox, a few i)a- 
triotic women devoted to the Southern cause and to the memory 
of the gallant men who had rallied to the defense of its prin- 
ciples, gathered at the several cemeteries, bringing with them 
garlands and evergreens to decorate the graves of those who had 
died in the hospital and homes of our citizens. Amid a deep 
silence, with hearts too sad to give expression to the sacred love 
which prompted their action, they met and decided that a moini- 

— 54 — 




villi 



*^ 



•'A y^. 



i^^^^ij^^^ -r: 



CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1876. 

Gainesville, Alabama. 



ment should be erected to the Confederate dead and that every 
effort should be made to accomplish this object at an early date. 
As a result of our labors a beautiful but modest shaft was un- 
veiled on Memorial Day, April 26, 1876. We date our Memorial 
Day from that first expression of love and remembrance. Since 
then we have observed Memorial Day in an impressive and ap- 
propriate manner and we endeavor to impress on the younger 
generation the importance of preserving an undying devotion to 
the memory of the Confederate soldiers who lie buried beneath 
the shadow of the monument erected to their memory. We bring 
before them for their consideration the love of truth as exempli- 
fied in the life and conduct of the young hero, Sam Davis, for 
whose memory they should cherish an exalted admiration. In 
1900 we affiliated with the Confederated Southern Memorial As- 
sociation. We are in sympathy with all pertaining to the South 
and her great struggle for constitutional rights, but now we are 
proud of this great Union of States, this great world power 
made great by the land of the South — long may her banner 
wave. 

The roster of the Ladies' Memorial Asociation of Gainesville, 
from the date of organization up to the present date, is as 
follows : 

Mrs. D. H. Williams, President; Mrs. L. V. High, Vice-Presi- 
dent; Mrs. P. P. Snedecor, Treasurer; Miss Alice Eaton, Cor- 
responding Secretary; Miss Mary B. Jackson, Eecording Secre- 
tary ; Mrs. E. M. Kring, Mrs. S. M. Harwood, Mrs. M. F. Good- 
loe, Mrs. W. H. Bush, Mrs. T. H. Gordon, Mrs. Elias Wrenn, 
Mrs. George Hartsfield, Mrs. A. D. Hall, Miss Bettie Thompson, 
Miss Delia Masscy, Miss Mary Jackson, Mrs. (Dr.) Pearson, Mrs 
W. B. Harkness, Miss M. W. Snow, Mrs. Cornelius, Mrs. J. N! 
Dandridge, Mrs. J. A. Eogers, Mrs. Emma Allen, Mrs. S. T. 
Jones, Mrs. J. 0. Hemingway, Mrs. J. M. Fulton, Mrs. Eobert 
Hill, Mrs. E. Christian, Mrs. George Walker, Mrs. L. D. Godfrey, 
Mrs. W. H. Childe, Mrs. James Windham, Miss Alice Elliotte, 
Miss Lucy Dandridge, Mrs. Bessie Windham, Mrs. W. H. Fulton, 
Mrs. T. H. Long, Miss Cornelius, Miss Ella High, Mrs. M. A. 
Lanford, Mrs. Mary Stone, Mrs. Alice Lee, Mrs. W. K. Little, 
Mrs. Delia Elliotte. 

Mrs. D. H. Williams, 
President and Treasurer. 

— 55 — 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA. 

An admirable suggestion, worthy of all praise, made by the 
Southern ^lemorial Association of Fayetteville, Arkansas, to 
unite in one body all Confederate Memorial Associations of 
Southern Women, found a patriotic echo in other Memorial 
Associations, and has brought us together into this Confedera- 
tion of Memorial Associations. 

Our first meeting, thus confederated, from all parts of the 
South, takes place to-day in this beautiful city of Memphis, Ten- 
nessee, where the wild flowers have sprung from the hearts of 
dead heroes, and the battle-fields have held many of our loved 
ones. 

We meet in response to the call of the first honored President 
of the Confederated Southern Memorial Asoeiation, ^Mrs. W. 
J. Behan, who represents not only her native oak-embowered 
Louisiana, coming from the historic City of New Orleans, but 
the gracious dignity and devoted patriotism of Southern women 
of the old regime. 

We meet not as new women clamoring for rights, but as repre- 
sentatives of our graceful mothers of whom poets sang, whose 
mission was "to love, to comfort and to bless." 

Hence it is meet that we assemble under the protectorate of the 
"United Confederate Veterans,'' the survivors of the grandest 
body of men who ever fought for principle, and died for home 
and native land, whose deeds have furnished history, song and 
story with material unparalleled by any romance that has ever 
thrilled the listening world. It is our proudest boast that we 
have been the wives, daughters and mothers of that incomparable 
band of martyred heroes, and we are now comrades of the gallant 
survivors, who, like our Southern Oaks, though crowned with 
grey, hold hearts of evergreen. 

A number of devoted women have held the office of Secretary 
and Treasurer, but Miss Jennie Crommelin, my immediate 
predecessor, having filled the longest term, has left a beautiful 
and faithful record from which I have gleaned much of this 
history, and it becomes my pleasing duty as Secretary and 
Treasurer of the Ladies' Memorial Association, which has no 
senior in the South, to briefly report what we have accomplislied. 

When the sacred form of The Southern Confederacy lay dis- 

— 56 — 




MRS. SOPHIE GILMER BIBB, 
President Woman's Hospital, 1861-1865, 
President Ladies':'Memorial Association, 1866-1J 
Montgomery, Alabama. 



armed by the sword, " outnumbered — not outdone/' slain on 
the doorstep of her home, shrouded in her color'', white as her 
fame, red as her heart, her sons lying wounded, dying, and 
dead at her feet, then arose the stricken women of the South, 
while the night of terror brooded o'er the land, and with loving 
hands lifted her dead, and hid them in her bosom. 

They had nursed her sick and wounded, but now the armies 
were surrendered; these angels of the hospitals sought for 
more to do for their suffering land, and 60,000 .graves cried out 
from the consecrated sod ! 

Before the close of the war, Mrs. (Judge) B. S. Bibb fre- 
quently talked of her plans for an association for the burial of 
Alabama soldiers upon the various battle-fields, and the erection 
of head-stones over the eight hundred buried in our Cemetery 
when the war was over. 

The Society for the Burial of the Dead w^as formed by Mrs. 
Bibb, who was President of the Woman's Hospital from 1861 
to 1865, with the co-operation of other devoted women who had 
served so faithfully in the hospitals. The work had known 
no intermission, and it is difficult to define its exact heginning. 
In less than a month after the close of the war, Mrs. Bibb had 
begun soliciting contributions from the patriotic citizens of 
Montgomery, for the purpose of honoring our dead, and erecting 
head-stones over those buried in our Cemetery. 

A few articles of furniture in the Woman's Hospital, not 
removed by Federal authority, were sold for $8.00, and this 
was the first deposit in the little treasury. When sufficient 
funds had been collected to warrant it, w^hile the work had been 
in progress in 1865, yet the arrangements were not fully com- 
pleted until the 16th of April, 1866, when in response to a call 
from Mrs. Bibb, voicing the sentiment of her noble co-laborers, 
the meeting was held in the Methodist Episcopal Church, as 
stated in the records of proceedings dravni up by Eev. S. K. 
Cox, by request of Mrs. Bibb, who presided over the meeting, 
" to devise ways and means to have the remains of Alabama 
soldiers, now lying scattered over the various battle-fields of thie 
war. collected and deposited in public burial grounds, or where 
they may be saved from neglect." It was styled " The Ladies' 
Society for the Burial of Deceased Alabama Soldiers," but was 
soon after called, " The Ladies' Memorial Asociation." At the 
organization the following officers were elected : Mrs. (Judge) B. 

— 57 — 



S. Bibb, President; Mrs. (Judge) Jno D. Phelan, Vice President; 
Mrs. (Dr.) W. C. Baldwin, Secretary ; Mrs. E. C. liannon, Treas- 
urer. 

Executive Committee. 

Mrs. (Dr.) S. Kambo, Chairman. 
Mrs. John Elmore, ilrs. C. J. Ilausman, 

Mrs. W. Pollard, Mrs. Mount, 

Mrs. (Dr.) Wilson, Mrs. W. B. Bell, 

Mrs. W. J. Bibb, Mrs. James Ware, 

Mrs. Judge Bugbee, Mrs. Fort Hargrove. 

Gladly would every name be mentioned which has ever been 
entered on this roll, but time and space forbid. No women 
ever worked more loyally. Entertainments of various kinds, 
Bazaars, Operettas, were given, and original plays were pro- 
duced by this and kindred associations in the State, for there 
were geniuses and artists in this band of devotees. 

In our City Cemetery we have expended the following 
amounts : 

Head-stones for eight hundred soldiers . . . $5,600 00 

Building M'onument and Chapel 3,000 00 

We sent to Shiloh, Miss., for our soldiers. . 1,000 00 

To Franklin, Tenn 800 00 

To Fredericksburg, Va 600 00 

Eichmond, Va 400 00 

Norfolk, Va 450 00 

Petersburg, Va 400 00 

Jonesboro, Ga 100 00 



Sum Total $12,350 00 

Several hundred dollars have been spent in aiding soldiers' 
families left destitute by the fortunes of war, and in response 
to an appeal from Gen. J. B. Gordon to unite in building a mon- 
ument to President Davis, the Ladies' ^lemorial Association paid 
Capt. S. A. Cunningham, Nashville, Tenn., the agent for the 
Davis Monument Fund, whose patriotic labors have never been 
surpassed, the sum of $143.85, Also sent to Mrs Nannie Selden 
Barney, for placing head stones at Fredericksburg, Va., $60.00. 

WTiile these contributions so frequently lessened the store, the 
long cherished purpose to build the monument, which now 
crowns Capitol Hill, was never abandoned. Within five years 

— 58 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT. 

Unveiled i8g8. 

Montgomery, Alabama. 



the Ladies' Memorial Association, notwithstanding its generous 
disbursements, had gathered into its treasury $10,000.00 for 
this purpose. The corner stone of this monument, of which we 
are justly proud, was laid hy our honored Chieftain, who came 
at our call from his home at Beauvoir, to lay a sacred touch 
upon the work, and this was the proudest day in the life of 
President Davis, for no dethroned Monarch ever received such 
proofs of love, and the tender grace of that day will ever be a 
golden link in memory's chain. 

The treasury gradually increased, and to the $10,000.00 was 
added the gift of $6,766.00 by the Monumental Association, 
composed of Confederate Veterans organized for the same object, 
but who, recognizing memorial work as peculiarly fitting to 
woman, turned over this fund to our Association. The first 
subscription was $100.00 from Mrs. (Judge) B. S. Bibb, and her 
name was first on the list of honorary membership when the 
Monumental Association was incorporated. She did not live to 
witness the grand scene of the unveiling, but her last days were 
made glad hy the visit of her friend and honored President, and 
their parting on the day when the foundation stone was laid, 
proved to be their last, for on the 9th of Janutiry, 1887, she 
passed to the " Land of the Blessed." Her death was a great blow 
to the Association. Her daughter, Mrs. Martha Dandridge 
Bibb, was unanimously chosen to succeed her, which she accepted 
as a touching tribute to her mother's faithful work. Aside from 
her executive ability, her patriotism is intense, and this labor 
has been regarded by her, as it were, a sacred bequest.* 

In response to an appeal from Mrs. M. D. Bibb, the sum of 
^o.OOO.OO was appropriated by the Legislature. How nobly 
these unfaltering heroines continued to work for the good cause 
is a part of State history, and the details make four volumes of 
records, from which has been condensed a brief "History of the 
Monument", written within the last year for the benefit of the 
monument we now propose to erect to Alabamians who fought 
and fell at Chickamauga. 

Again, in response to an appeal from the Ladies' Memorial As- 
sociation, the Legislature made an appropriation of $10,000.00 
for the completion of the monument on Capitol Hill, and still 

♦Editor's Note.— We present in this volume the picture of Mrs IMartha Dandridge 
Bibb, widow of Col J. B. Bibb, the daughter who succeeded her mother, "Aunt 
Sophie," as president of the Ladies" Memorial Association from 1886 to the present 

— 59 — 



another appropriation of $1,000.00 was made, which,, with the 
amount in hand, enabled us to complete it, and Jt was unveiled 
on the 7th of December, 1898, and is the glory cf Alabama — 
a commemoration of the heroism of her sons and her daughters. 
It is a magnificent monument, and was finished after more than 
thirty years' labor of love. 

There remained in the treasury about $500.00. We immedi- 
ately opened the books for the Chickamauga fund, subscribed 
$400.00, and are now slowly gathering funds for that purpose. 
We have again subscribed for the Jefferson Davis ^lonument 
Fund $25.00, which I will take great pleasure in delivering to 
Mrs. Randolph, chairman of the Davis Memorial Fund. The 
Memorial Association should always exist. Let its members be 
the guardian angels of the monuments we have erected, and ever 
direct the annual ceremonies in memory of our honored dead. 
Memorial Day is ours. The decoration of the graves of our 
soldiers and the monuments to the dead is the prerogative of 
Memorial Associations, and should be ours forever. Our Me- 
morial Association is nearly thirty-six years old The present 
officers are Mrs. Martha Dandridge Bibb, President; Mrs. C. J. 
Hausman, Vice President; Mrs. I. M. P. Ockenden, Secretary 
and Treasurer; the Executive Committee^ Mrs. Leon Wyman, 
Col. J. W. A. Sanford, Gov. Thos. G. Jones, F. Duncan, 
J. C. Lee, E. Ledyard, P. H. Gayle and G. R. Doran; Fi- 
nance Committee, Mesdames M. D. Bibb, C. J. Hausman, 
Alfred Bethea and I. M. P. Ockenden. 

It is worthy of record that no member of the Association has 
ever made a charge, or received any pecuniary compensation for 
services rendered. 

The Ladies' Memorial Association has had but two Presidents. 
The first, Mrs. (Judge) B. S. Bibb, served twenty-one years. The 
latter, Mrs. Martha Dandridge Bibb, is now completing fifteen 
years' service. It has had four Vice Presidents — Mrs. (Judge) 
John D. Phelan, who gave four sons to fight the battles of the 
" Southern Confederacy," and whose brief period of office, closed 
by death, was a willing and worthy tribute to the cause she so 
much loved and honored, and for which two of her gallant sons 
pacrificcd their lives; Mrs, John Elmore, who also gave noble 
sons to the service of the Confederacy (who still survive and il- 
lustrate their inherited patriotism, in peace as in war), was a 
-levoted member of the Woman's Hospital and Memorial Associ- 

— 60 — 



ation, whose faithfulness and gracious kindness is fondly cher- 
ished by her compatriots; Mrs. (Dr.) W. 0. Baldwin, whose active 
service from the beginning to the close of the war in the hospital, 
and later in the Memorial Association, was intensified by the 
death of her brave son in his young manhood on the breastworks 
at Franklin, Tenn. Mrs. C. J. Hausman, the present 
incumbent, whose generous and kind services in the hospital 
throughout the war, and in the Memorial Association, from its 
organization to the present time, render her a most valuable 
officer. 

I beg to mention Mrs. W. B. Bell, who, though not an officer 
was eminently f aitliful in her services during the war to the sick 
and wounded soldiers in the Woman's Hospital. She ministered 
to them daily so tenderly that they frequently called her 
"Mother Bell," and many of the veterans still speak of her 
and her companions with loving reverence. Her services were 
continued in the Memorial Association until she passed beyond 
the stars. 

There have been eight Secretaries, all worthy of honorable 
mention: Mrs. (Dr.) Baldwin, Eev. S. K. Cox, Ass't.; Mrs. Vir- 
ginia Hilliard, Miss Bettie Bell, M'iss Mamie Graham^ Mrs, Eosa 
Gardner and Miss Jeannie Crommelin, who preceded the present 
Secretary, and by whose accurate and graceful records she has 
been so much assisted. Time and space curb the pen. Sacred 
names and gentle shades throng upon me for recognition — five 
Treasurers, Mrs. E. C. Hannon, Mrs. William Ware, Mrs. Geo. 
Holmes and Miss Jeannie Crommelin, precede Mrs. I. M. P. 
Ockenden. 

It will be seen that woman's work began with the first act of 
Secession, the child of State Eights and Liberty, born in Massa- 
chusetts and cradled in Alabama. It is well worthy of record 
that the first sick soldiers ever brought to Montgomery were 
carried to two comfortable cottages gladly given by Mrs. (Dr.) 
Bellinger, on Bellinger Heights, who was widely noted for her 
sweet charities and patriotism, where she, with a number of 
Icyal gentlewomen, ministered unto them. Prominent among 
them was Mrs. (Judge) B. S. Bibb, whose tender ministrations 
won for her the affectionate appellation of "Aunt Sophie" wher- 
ever the story of the Confederacy was told. Her administrative 
talents, addpd to tlio firmness equalled only by her tend*^Tness, 

— 61 — 



made her a leader of these " Florence Nightingales." It was meet 
that she should become the President of the lirst organizatipn of 
the Woman's Hospital, which was only closed by the arbitra- 
ment of the sword, and of the Ladies' Memorial Association, its 
outgrowth. These offices sought her, and she honored them until 
death stilled her noble heart. Mrs. Martha Dandridge Bibb, 
the present President, is the widow of the gallant Col. J. B. Bibb, 
Twenty-third Alabama Eegiment, one of the bravest of the brave 
patriots of Alabama, who defended the Constitution and the 
right of secession with his own hlood, and was as eminent for 
zeal in defense of native land, as Mrs. Bibb is to-day untiring in 
every effort for the best interest of the Memorial Association, 
and the perpetuation of the holy memories to which our work is 
consecrated. She attributes her remarkable success to the influ- 
ence of her mother, who, "though dead, still speaketh" to the 
hearts of the Confederate soldiers, and thus greatly assisted her 
in obtaining those appropriations from the Legislature, with the 
co-operation of her associates, ^^-ithout whom, she modestly de- 
clares, she could do nothing. Next to the magnificent shaft de- 
livered to the State of Alabama, she is proudest of the Memorial 
Association. The roll of noble membership through many years, 
which sheds the pure white light of love on our records, is worthy 
of a beautiful volume, and reverent is the hand that would fain 
enshrine the 465 members. Alas ! Removal and death have 
taken many of these away, but their names are fondly cherished 
by those who remain to pay tribute to memory. 

Memorial Day shall haunt the sweet Southland, 
The line of bloom shall reach from shore to shore; 

From grave to grave is linked the mystic chain, 
That binds us heart to heart forever more ! 

Respectfully submitted, 

Mrs. I. M. P. OCKENDEN, 

Sec'y and Treasurer L. M. A., Montgomery, Ala. 
Approved — Mrs. !NL D. Bibb, 

President Ladies' Memorial Association. 



— 62 — 



WHITE HOUSE MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA. 

Organized Juy ist, 1900. Chartered Feb. Sth, 1901. Motto: "Lov- 
ing Duty to the Past, Present and Future." Flower — White Violets. 

Tlie object of this Association is to preserve as a Confederate 
Museum and Library the historic old home occupied by Mr. 
Davis and family in 1861 while in Montgomery, Ala., known 
to history as the First White House of the Confederacy. Also 
as a repository for valuable relics given the association by Mrs. 
Jefferson Davis. 

Officers — Queen Regent, Mrs. Jefferson Davis ; Regent, Mrs. 
J. D. Beale; First Vice-Regent, Mrs. Virginia Clay Clopton; 
Second Vice-Regent, Mrs. Belle Allen Ross; Recording Secre- 
tary, Mrs. Alfred Bethea; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Jno. 
W. A. Sanford; Treasurer, Mrs. Chappel Cory; Historian, Mrs. 
Jno. G. Finley. 

Directors — Mrs. Vance Elmore, Chairman; Mrs. Chappell 
Cory, Mrs. John Eberhardt, Mrs. B. H. Craig, Mrs. C. A. Lanier, 
Mrs. E. T. Ledyard, Mrs. C. J. Campbell, Mrs. Jessie Lamar, 
Mrs. R. P. Crigg, Mrs. J. W. A. Sanford. 

Trustees— Mrs. Alfred Bethea, Chairman ; Mrs. W. L. Durr, 
Mrs Wm. L. Chambers, Mrs. J. D. Beale, Mrs. John G. Finley, 
Mrs. Edward Trimble, Mrs. Albert Elmore. 

Committee. Collecting Relics. — Mrs. J. D. Beale, Chair- 
man; Mrs. Alfred Bethea, Mrs. Chappell Cory, Mrs. C. A. 
Lanier, Mrs. E. M. Trimble. 

Books for Library — Mrs. Edwin Gardner Weed, Chairman ; 
Mrs. W. L. Durr, Mrs. Clifford Lanier, Mrs. Mary Elmore Per- 
sons, Mrs. Chappell Cory, Mrs. Belle Allen Ross, Mrs. Thomas 
McAdory Owen, Mrs. Thomas H. Reynolds, Mrs. W. L. Cham- 
bers, Mrs. M. P. Watt, Mrs. Mortimer Tuttle, Mrs. B. J. Bald- 
win, Mrs. Geo. C. Ball, Mrs. Cornelia Branch Stone. 

Wood Committee — Mrs. C. J. Campbell, Chairman; Mrs. 
Ella H. Brock, Mrs. J. Warren Jones, Mrs. Bessie M. Judson, 
Mrs. George Stowers, Mrs. Geo. Raoul, Mrs. Edward Hastings, 
Mrs. Jno. Savage, Mrs. J. A. Reeves, Mrs. M. A. Jackson, Mrs. 
C. B. Ferrell, Mrs. Sylas Tyson, Mrs. L. G. Peacher, Miss Kath- 
erine Holt, Mrs. Ed Naftel, Mrs. Jessie Lamar, Mrs. Geo. Fol- 

— 63 — 



mar, Mrs. Geo. Simpson, Miss Mary Burke, Mrs. Jno. W. San- 
ford, Jr. 

Kaising Funds — Mrs. A. M. Allen, Chairman; Miss Norman 
Williams, Mrs. Mary C. Adams, Mrs M. A. Baldwin, Mrs. Benj. 
Craig, Mrs. Robert Grigg, Mrs Charles Annie Derby, Mrs. Vinee 
Elmore, Mrs Toombs Eberhart, Mrs. Robert Goldthwaite, Mrs. 
Luther Hill, Mrs. Fred Warren, Mrs. T. H. Mabson, Mrs. Allen 
Blewett, Mrs. C. J. Caruthers, Mrs. J. R. Johnston, Mrs Clarke 
Lanier, Mrs. Lawrence McLocklen, Mrs. Jack Phelan, Mrs. 
Henry Crommelin, Mrs. Paul Smith, Mrs. P. A. Travis, Mrs. 
Pitt Tyson, Mrs. Will Trimble, Mrs. W. H. Taylor, Mrs. Remus 
Persons. ]\Irs. Jno. Watts, Miss Mamie Bethea, Miss Sallie El- 
more, Miss Sallie Brown, Miss Annie Bell, Miss Fannie May 
Duskin, Miss Mary Hails, Miss Fannie Hails, Miss M. Kester- 
son, Miss Mamie Oirutt, Miss Lila Tompkins, Mrs. Thomas Arm- 
strong, Mrs. David B. Anderson, Mrs Cad. Beale, Mrs. Myrtle 
Campbell, Mrs. Jno. D. Carter, Mrs. Frank Duncan, Mrs. Albert 
Elmore, Mrs. Henry Chamberlain, Mrs. George Janney, Mrs. 
George Hails, Mrs. Lucy Beale, Mrs. W. B. Snodgrass, Mrs. C. 
J. Brooks, Mrs. Kate Collins, Mrs. Ann Elmore Hearn, Mrs. E. 
T. Ledyard, Mrs. Jno. West, Mrs. W. H. Micon, Mrs. E. M. 
Riley, Mrs. B. B. Merriwether, Mrs. H. C. Tompkins, Mrs. Pattie 
Tyson, Mrs. Albert Taylor, Mrs. L. Strauss, Mrs. Sidney J. 
Weil, Miss Caroline Beale, Miss Laura Elmore, ]\nss Effie Brown, 
Miss Bettie Bell, Miss Annie Peacher, Miss Pauline Persons, 
Miss Sallie Hails, Miss Lena Hausman, Miss Mary D. Merri- 
wether, Miss Mattie Tompkins, Miss Gabriella Watts. 

The membership list comprises names of men, women and 
cliildren not only of Slontgomcry and Alabama, but of the en- 
tire South. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION", 
UNION SPRINGS, ALABAMA. 

The Ladies' Memorial Association of Union Springs, Ala- 
bama, was organized on April 13th, 1888, by a band of noble, 
devoted women — rnotliers, wives and daughters of those wlio 
fought for "the storm-cradled nation that fell." The first officers 
were: Mrs. T. :M. Waugli, President; Mrs. S. J. Foster, Vice- 
President: Mrs. C. li Cliapinan, Secretary; Mrs. S. T. Fra/.er, 

— Gl — 




MRS. J. D. BEALE, 

President White House Memorial Association, 

Montgomery, Alabama. 



Treasurer. Those who have filled the office of President in the 
Association are: Mrs. T. M. Waugh, Mrs. L. J. Gary, Miss 
Kate Coleman, Mrs. R. H. Hayes, Mrs. Mary F. Pittman and 
Mrs. V. P. Pickett, who now fills the chair with honor, ably 
assisted by Miss Addie Beaumont, First Vice-President; Mrs. 

A. L. Eumph, Second Vice-President; Mrs. B. T. Eley, Treas- 
urer; Miss Delia Chappell, Recording Secretary; Mrs. M. P. 
Pittman, Corresponding Secretary. 

Much efi^ective work has been done by this Association. At 
present the work is marking the graves of Confederate soldiers 
in this city. Prior to this it was caring for disabled veterans, 
furnishing a room at the Soldiers' Home at Mountain Creek, 
etc. However the most eloquent testimonial of their united 
efforts is the marble shaft surmounted by a private soldier, a 
tribute to the glorious valor of Southern manhood. This monu- 
ment was unveiled on March 29th, 1895. 

Following is a list of names of the ladies who are or ever have 
been members of this Association : Mrs. M. A. Branch, Mrs. A. 
M. Bledsoe, Miss Addie Beaumont, Mrs. I. F. Culver, Mrs. P. 
L. Cowan, Mrs. M. J. Cowan, Mrs. L. J. Cary, Mrs. A. T. 
Craven, Miss Kate Coleman, Mrs. E. H. Cope, Mrs. Alex Curry, 
Mrs. C Carlisle, Miss Amoret Dawson, Mrs. E. C. Dawson, Mrs. 

B. T. Eley, Mrs. J. H. Eley, Miss Laura Ellis, Mrs. S. T. Frazer, 
Mrs. S. J. Foster, Mrs. Hugh Foster, Mrs. M. E. Fitzpatrick, 
Mrs. W. M. Fuller, Mrs. R. H. Grady, Mrs. R. E. L. Cope, Mrs. 
R L. Hobdy, Miss Annie Hobdy, Mrs. Henry Harris, Mrs. R. H. 
Hayes, Mrs. L. W. Jinks, Mrs. C. L. Jinks, Mrs. Lee, Mrs. F. 
M. Moseley, Mrs. Fannie Hayes, Mrs. James McAndrew, Mrs. 
J. G. McAndrew, Mrs. W. A. McAndrew, Mrs. A. H. Pickett, 
Mrs. D. J. Paulk, Mrs. Mary F. Pittman, Mrs. E. Troup Randle, 
Miss Annie Randle, Mrs. H. C. Rosenstihl, Mrs. Wm. Rosenstihl, 
Mrs. A. L. Rumph, Mrs. W. W. Rainer, Mrs. S. P. Rainer, Mrs. 
J. H. Rainer, Sr., Mrs. J. L. Roberts, Mrs. Stakely, Mrs. A. E. 
Singleton, Miss Sallie Smith, Mrs. J. Thompson, Mrs. Thomas, 
Mrs. Wm. Thornton, Mrs. W. C. Wilson, Mrs. T. Wolfenden, 
Miss Delia Chappell, Mrs. Jesse Roberson, ]\Irs. Emma Mo- 
Gowan, Mrs. G. A. Ritch, Mrs. N". H. Frazer. 



SOUTHERN MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS. 

The organization of the Southern Memorial Association of 
Fayetteville, Arkansas, was not of so early a date as some of her 
sister organizations. Our country was devastated ; our homes in 
ashes, our farms were waste places. The lire must needs be re- 
kindled upon the hearthstone; our children housed and fed, hus- 
bands and sons who had come liome in the gloom of defeat needed 
the encouragement and help of willing hands. With those de- 
mands upon us it was six long years of care and toil before we 
found time for organized work, and opportunity to begin " gather- 
ing our sacred dead." Although not organized, we, from the 
beginning of the war to the end, ministered with our strength and 
our store to the needs of the sick, the wounded and the dying. 
June 10, 1872, we organized the Southern Memorial Associa- 
tion. Thirty-eight courageous women pledged themselves to the 
work. The membership now is seventy-five. The name mani- 
fests clearly the purpose of the organization. When the object 
and plan of our work was understood, a few brave women in and 
about Boonsboro, a neighboring town, formed a like association 
and became auxiliary to ours. Truly they were a very help in 
time of need although they worked as an association for but a 
short time. 

The first effort was to secure ground for a cemetery. Three 
acres of land well located, was purchased. Our dead were laid 
to rest upon a beautiful green sun-kissed spot, where it is flooded 
witli the first roseate ray? of the morning and made l)oautifnl at 
eventide by the last lingering beam? of the setting sun, threading 
with golden light the deepening shadows. 

We worked with our might, bringing in the mouldering bones 
of soldiers, and clearing and beautifying the grounds. At the 
end of the first year our cemetery was enclosed by a wooden fence, 

— 66 — 




MRS. J. D. WALKER. 

Vice-President for Arlonsas, Confederated Southern Memorial Association, 
Fayetteviile, Arkansas. 



the grounds in fairly good condition, and had interred about five 
hundred bodies, with no debts overhanging. Tliis was herculean 
work for one year, considering the financial condition of the 
country. 

On the 10th of June, 1873, the first anniversary of our organi- 
zation, we dedicated with befitting ceremonies, amid tears and 
rejoicing, the " Confederate Cemetery of Fayetteville, Arkansas," 
to the memory of the soldiers buried there. 

The work of collecting the bodies of the soldiers went on in the 
years that followed, until every wayside grave had given up its 
treasure. The search for the scattered graves extended into three 
adjoining counties. There were only two battlefields of note 
within our reach. Pea Eidge and Prairie Grove, yet every foot 
of soil in this part of Arkansas was marked by contest and red 
with the blood of valor. The soldiers whose bodies the fortunes 
of war left to our care were from ]\Iissouri, Texas, Louisiana and 
Arkansas. 

Our cemetery is octagon in shape and divided into eight tri- 
angular sections, with the apex of each section resting at the 
base of the monument. Four of these sections are for graves, 
alternating with four for trees and ornamental shrubbery, one 
grave section devoted separately to Missouri, one to Texas, one 
to Louisiana and one to Arkansas. Officers and men we have laid 
side by side " 'neath green tents v*^hose curtains never outward 
swing." Neither chevron, nor epaulet will mark rank at the next 
great muster call. The rank and file poured out as rich red 
blood as those whose commands they obeyed. In our cemetery 
rests the remains of Gen. W. Y. Slack, of Missouri, than whom 
no braver man drew sword in the awful conflict, side by side 
with nearly nine hundred brave men " awaiting the judgment 
day." Besides the victims of the war, we have buried six other 
Confederate soldiers, citizens of our town and country, who dying, 
made request for a place for their last long sleep beside their 
comrades in grey, and where their graves would be watched over 
by the women of the Southern Memorial Association. 

In 1885, we undertook the erection of a substantial stone wall 
around our cemetery. This was a serious undertaking, with a 
depleted treasury, and all our means of earning worn thread- 
bare, but we finally decided to ask our old soldiers who had stood 
by us so faith fuUv to help us in this by one dollar contributions. 

— (57 — 



Their reaily and liberal response enabled lis soon to see our 
cemetery handsomely enclosed for all time. 

As pro2)erty owners and a body making contracts, it became 
necessary that we have a legal existence, and we became duly 
incorporated under the law. 

With all this more necessary work accomplished, the Associa- 
tion felt at liberty to give its energy to the erection of a monu- 
ment. This was a long cherished dream, the ultimate end around 
which the dearest hopes of the Association twined. With this 
fixed end in view the Southern Memorial Association took on 
new life, many new members were added to it; its strength was 
greatly augmented by two auxilliary associations being formed, 
one at Springdale and one at Prairie Grove, near-by towns, for 
the one purpose of aiding in the erection of a monument. It 
was not long until our united efforts were rewarded. The 
end was compassed. Tlie money raised. The contract let for 
a monument. 

On ^lay 1st, 1897, the corner-stone was laid in the presence of 
an enthusiastic multitude. The 10th of June, 1897, the Southern 
Memorial Association unveiled to the gaze of a multitude M-hose 
number ha.s not been equalled in the history of our country, 
the monument, a l)eautiful granite shaft, surmounted by a bronze 
statue of a private soldier. Near the base on each of the four 
sides is carved the name of the State whose grave section it 
fi'onts. The inscriptiton is simple, but rich with tlie truth which 
it embodies. It is a portion of the beautiful inscription on the 
Confederate monument at Charleston, South Carolina, and is 
as follows: 

These were men 
" Whom power could not corrupt, 
Whom death could not terrify, 
Whom defeat could not dishonor." 

It was a glad hour of triumph when that monument was started 
down tlie vista of years, bearing its tribute to the Confederate 
soldier whose valor and heroism defeat has not obscured. These 
monuments we build will speak their message to unborn genera- 
tions. These voiceless marbles in their majesty will stand as 
vindicators of the Confederate soldier. They will lift from these 
brave men the opprobrium of rebel, and stand them in the line 
of patriots. Thi^ is not alone a labor of love, it is a work of 
duly as well. We are correcting history. These tributes we pay 

— 68 — 




#■•—•• 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1S97. 

Fayetteville Arkansas. 



are not salves to disappointed hopes ; not outbursts of enthusiasm, 
but enthusiasm grown to purpose and to principle. 

Each year since the organization of the Southern Memorial 
Association has been marked by a memorial service in the 
cemetery. Flowers have been strewn upon the graves, and 
chaplets fragrant with sweet and living memories woven about 
them. 

Among the minor works of our association one that sugg^ts 
itself as worthy of mention in this record, is the setting apart 
a day for planting trees in our cemetery. We advertised the day 
thoroughly, offering to persons (men and women) who had 
friends among the officers and soldiers of the lost cause to whose 
memory they wished to pay tribute, the privilege of planting & 
tree dedicated to the hero whom they wished to honor ; it mattered 
not where he fell. The trees are marked enduringly by tablets. 
Many availed themselves of this offer. Every tree in our cemetery 
stands as a loving tribute to some hero. It is a beautiful thought 
that when our work is finished and the summons comes to us that 
we must leave this work to other hands and " go over and rest 
under the shade of the trees on the other side/' that these trees, 
this forest of love, will still stand, stretching forth their kindly 
branches, protecting the graves of our soldiers alike from burn- 
ing sun and pelting storm, and that the sighing wind will whisper 
from leaf to leaf sweet and tender memories of our heroes. 

It might also be of interest, that beside the regular roll of our 
Association we have what we call an auxiliary membership. This 
is made up of friends throughout the country who though inter- 
ested in the work we are doing, and wanting to aid in it, are not 
so situated as to have regular membership. These members pay 
annually into our treasury a stipulated amount, which added to 
dues of regular members creates a sufficient fund to meet the 
regular necessary outlay of the Association. 

We have regarded it a duty and pleasure as well to respond 
to every call made upon us in the line of Confederate Memorial 
work. Among the calls to which we have responded, I recall a 
donation to the Battle Abbey at Eichmond and a contribution to 
the fund for the erection of the Winnie Davis monument. We 
have aided and will continue to aid in raising funds for the 
Jefferson Davis monument. To aid in the erection of this 
monument should be considered a privilege by every Southern 
man or woman. In building it we build a monument to the 

~ 69 — 



cause of which lie was the living manifestation — and to which 
he was a martyr. 

We have ever delighted to honor the living, as well as the 
dead heroes of the Confederacy — the presentation of a handsome 
silk Battle Flag to Pat Cleburne Camp U. C. V, being one of 
the latest evidences of our appreciation and esteem. 

We take great pride in the fact that the Confederation of 
Memorial Associations which is such a source of strength and 
mutual encouragement to the women of the South in theii: 
memorial work, emanated from this Fayetteville I^Iemorial Asso- 
ciation. The idea had birth in the mind of Miss Julia A. Gar- 
side, one of our most useful mem1)crs. Pushing the Confederation 
to its organization was the work of Mrs. J. D. Walker and Miss 
Sue H. Walker, both of whom are pillars of strength in our 
local organization. 

This is in substance the work that has been done. Many 
items have been omitted. Much of it has but a local interest, 
but it is the history of the Fayetteville Association. How this 
work has been done is a tale that can never be told. The days of 
work and waiting; the hours of hope against fear; the careful 
hoarding; the anxious counting; the friendships that have been 
closer knit in these trying, yet sweet associations, can never all 
be formulated. These are pictures that tongue nor pen can 
paint — minor notes that can not be gathered into song, 

Lizzie Pollard, 

President. 



— 70 — 





■ ' ■ 1 




1 




1 


A 


^a^itt^B" ■% 


wM 


jyRp 


1 




^ 


W^- 


1 


W ***'- 


,» 
^ 


l^V ^,i«««iih*.,_ 


jm 


W 




• ■■.>. 


**. "" 


1 :; ■ 


w 








'^ 




». 




iMI 


1 


LS 


L 



MRS. LIZZIE POLLARD, 

President Soutliern Memorial Association,. 
Fayetteville, Arkansas. 



CONFEDEEATE MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
PENSACOLA, FLOEIDA. 

General, and afterwards Governor E. A. Perry, was the first 
to call the attention of his comrades in arms and fellow-citizens 
to the fact that Escambia County was one of the few Counties of 
the State which had not erected some memorial to its " un- 
crowned heroes " in the civil war. 

In an appeal published in June, 1881, and republished April 
22nd, 1890, by the late Senator Chipley, General Perry also 
emphasized the further fact, " that Florida alone of all the 
States had neglected to raise a monument to those who, in 
obedience to her mandate, gave up their lives in the late war." In 
response to their appeal about $3,005.00 were raised for a 
memorial, which was designed to be located in Tallahassee, and 
to be the State's testimonial of remembrance to her dead 
-soldiers. The time covered in raising this sum was nine years. 

The death of General Perry seemed to bring the movement to 
a standstill, until April 22nd, 1890, Colonel Chipley published 
a very admirable and important letter, with Gov. Perry's appeal 
appended. The letter began : " It is well known that the fund 
in the hands of Mrs. Perry was received entirely through the 
efforts of our lamented Governor and his patriotic wife ; " the 
closing paragraphs of this same letter are as follows : " While the 
monument will be to ' our dead ' I would suggest that the ladies 
be directed to provide a special slab to the memory of General 
Perry. What do you say, comrades ? Please write me ' yes ' or 
"'no.' His labor made the monument possible, and I will add 
his appeal made in June, 1881." The contents of this letter 
are (1) Mrs. Perry's desire to be relieved of the care of the fund, 
(2) the fact that all of the fund, save $87.00, had been sub- 
scribed in Escambia County, (3) the suggestion that Mrs. Perry 
be asked, " not to relinquish the fund, but to associate with 

— 71 — 



herself, if she desires them to assist in the labor, four other 
ladies, whom she may select, and that they be requested ta 
secure plans for a granite pile, more enduring than marble, of a 
final cost of not exceeding $7,500.00, that the work be com- 
menced at once in the center of R. E. Lee Square, in front of 
Public School N'o, 1, when coming generations will learn, with 
their daily lessons, to honor our beloved dead. The completion 
of the monument will be a charge upon the survivors and the 
ladies." 

Here, then, were living and feasible suggestions, from a brave 
Confederate soldier, who believed that the only way to do things 
was to do them. Colonel Chipley's innate generosity and fairness 
ascribed the "possibility " of the monument to Gen. Perry, yet, 
beyond all question, he made the Governor's possibility a memo- 
rable and lasting reality. The shaft in Lee Square can never be 
less of a monument to Senator Chipley's constant endeavor and 
patriotism than to those whose names are written thereon, and 
that larger nameless group, whose only record is the blood- 
stained sands of this our once Confederate Southland. 

Honor to whom honor is due, while no cavilling tongue, in 
view of this brief history, can fail to accord to W. D. Chipley 
that meed of praise which was his legitimate due when livings 
and is now his more than right, as he sleeps in his native Georgia 
with immortal comrades and long-loved ancestors. This letter 
was the virtual beginning of the association, whose definite trans- 
actions we now proceed to detail. 

A meeting of ladies was held on the 15th of August, 1890, at 
which " The Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association " was 
formed. At this meeting the following directors were elected: 
Mrs. A. S. Mallory, Mrs. Geo. Reese, Mrs. W. L. Wittich, Mrs. 
W. D. Chipley, Mrs. Le^7^, Miss Mary Brent, Miss Mary Turner, 
Miss Annie Maura, Miss Mollie Tippin, Mrs. Jno. McGuire) 
Mrs. Laura Tliornton, Mrs. ^Y. PL Knowles, Mrs. I. H. Reynolds, 
Mrs. W. H. Ross, ^Miss Laura Wright, Miss S. Simpson, Miss 
Sallie Bear, Miss Lucille Mitchell. 

From these directors, ,the following officers were elected : 
President, Mrs. A, S. Mallory; Vice-President, Mrs. W. D. Chip- 
ley; Secretary, Mrs. Annie McGuire; Treasurer, Mrs. Laura 
Thornton. 

Upon ihe death of ]\[rs. Mallory, ^Irs. Chipley became Presi- 

— 72 — 




W. D. CHIPLEY, 

Organizer of Memorial Association, 

Pensacola, Florida. 



dent, and Miss Mattie Eoss succeeded Mrs. McGuire as Secre- 
tary, upon the latter's resignation. 

After advertising for bids, the Association, at an adjourned 
meeting, held November 5th, 1890, closed the contract with J. 
F. Manning, of Washington City, for a monument of Eichmond, 
Virginia, granite. 

The structure to be a little under 50 feet high, surmounted 
by a soldier 8 feet 6 inches high. The site selected was the center 
of E. E. Lee Square, as suggested by Colonel Chipley. 

The shaft of the monument rests upon a truncated pi-yamid, 
whose four faces are respectively inscribed in memory of Jef- 
ferson Davis, Steplien E. Mallory, the Confederate Dead and 
E. A. Perry. 

The inscriptions are: 

"A. D. 1861 A. D. 1865. 

THE 

UNCROWNED HEROES 

OF THE 

SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY 

WHOSE JOY IT WAS TO SUFFER AND DIE FOR A CAUSE THEY BELIEVED TO 

BE JUST. THEIR UNCHALLENGED DEVOTION AND MATCHLESS HEROISM 

SHALL CONTINUE TO BE THE WONDER AND INSPIRATION OF THE AGES." 

This inscription will tell the story to unborn generations. It 
will be inscribed on the south face of the die base of the monu- 
ment, on the lower base of which will be the words, in large 
raised letters: 

"OUR CONFEDERATE DEAD. 

JEFFERSON DAVIS 

PRESIDENT OF THE 

CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. 

SOLDIER, STATESMAN, PATRIOT, CHRISTIAN. THE ONLY MAN IN OUR 

NATION WITHOUT A COUNTRY, YET TWENTY MILLION PEOPLE MOURN 

HIS DEATH." 

"EDWARD AYLESWORTH PERRY 

CAPTAIN OF THE PENSACOLA RIFLES, COLONEL OF THE SECOND FLORIDA 

REGIMENT, GENERAL OF THE FLORIDA BRIGADE IN THE ARMY OF 

NORTHERN VIRGINIA." 

" Among the first to volunteer in defense of his adopted 
State, faithful in every position to wliich his merit advanced 
him, his life and deeds constitute his best monument." 

— 73 — 



STEPHEN R. MALLORY 

SECRETARY OF THE NAVY 

OF THE 

CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. 

"'tis not in mortals to command success; but we'll do more, 

SEMPRONIUS, we'll DESERVE IT." 

This we may remark, in passing, was the first monument 
•wholly or in part erected to the memory of the Confederate 
President. 

" The statue on the monument is the reproduction of the 
bronze figure erected at Alexandria, Virginia, which was modelled 
from the painting belonging to the State of Virginia, and hung 
in the Capitol at Eichmond, that represents a Confederate 
Soldier of 1865. It is regarded as the finest representation ever 
made." 

On the 17th of June, 1891, the completed monument was 
dedicated with appropriate and elaborate ceremonies. 

Camp Ward of Confederate Veterans has rendered efficient 
help in every effort of the Association. To these veterans the 
monument ever tells the story of their own patriotism, and 
vividly recalls scenes of blood and battle, of victory and defeat. 

A generation has come to the front since Appomattox unfolded 
its pall of gloom, and yet to-day tender hands and loving hearts 
are decking in reminiscent, fadeless beauty the heroic devotion 
of their beloved heroes, sleeping in the bivouac of the Southern 
dead, the victors in defeat from '61 to '65, 

Woman's hand and heart and deathless love have reared this 
object lesson in stone for their children, who, when they them- 
selves shall sleep beside their sainted heroes, shall " Arise up 
and call them blessed." 

The orators on ilemorial Day for the several years have been : 
At the laying of the Corner Stone in April, 1891, Gov. F. P. 
Fleming was the orator. 1891, at the unveiling, R. W. Davis; 
1892, Hunt Chipley, Col. Chipley's son; 1893, Jno. S. Beard; 
1894, C. H. Laney; 1895, Jno. D. Little, of Columbus, Ga. ; 
1896, Judge A. C. Blount; 1897, Judge Blount read Col. Chip- 
ley's paper on the origin of Decoration Day; 1898, C. B. Park- 
hill ; 1899, Judge B. F. Liddon; 1900, Gen. E. M. Law; 1901, 
Jno. W. A. Sanford, of !^^ontgome^y, Alabama. 

— 74 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1891. 
Pensacola, Florida. 



LADIES' MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION", 
QUINCY, FLOEIDA. 

"When the Southern States seceded from the United States- 
of America, Florida was among the number. In April, 1861,, 
the Southern Confederacy with its Capital City in Montgomery,, 
Ala., called for troops. A company of the most representative 
yoimg men organized what was called the Young Guards of 
Quincy, Fla. 

The first week in May, 1861, a meeting was called by the ladies 
of Quincy, Florida, to organize an association for the aid of the 
soldiers who were enlisting in the Confederate Army. On 
Tuesday morning at ten o'clock the meeting was called to order 
at the home of Judge Pleasant Woodson "White* Mrs. P. "W. 
"White was elected President; Mrs. Arthur Forman, First "Vice 
President; Mrs. Anderson Harris, Second Vice President; Mrs. 
Ezra Ballon, Third Vice President; Miss Mary McNeil, Secre- 
tary and Treasurer. 

Goods were purchased, work begun. " The Ladies' Aid So- 
ciety " then received its name. Eegular meetings were held 
every Tuesday morning and called meetings whenever necessary. 
The last week in May, 1861, a box was forwarded to the Young 
Guards at Pensacola, Florida, at which point the First Eegiment 
of Florida Volunteers was then stationed. During the summer 
of 1861 two other Companies were organized, Company C. 6th 
Florida Eegiment in June, Captain James Evans, 1st Lieut.; 
"Wm. B. Malone, 2nd. Lieut., Dr. "Wm. Booth Forman. 

The Ladies' Aid Society worked indefatigably, cutting gar- 
ments, rolling bandages, and superintending weaving cloth for 
garments on the plantation, knitting socks — the latter by moon- 
light, when an urgent call was made for them, as lights were 
very scarce. In November, 1863, Gen. Howell Cobb was ordered 
to Southern Georgia and Florida, making his Headquarters 
in Quincy, Gadsden County, Florida. Major John Cobb, Major 
Thomas, Captain Pope, Captain Howell Cobb, Colonel James 
Barrow and others composed General Cobb's staff 

About this time Col. Holland's Florida Brigade was ordered 
east, passing through Quincy, many ill with fever and in a 
starving condition. The ladies rushed to the afd of these poor 
suffering soldiers. The Court House, Quincy High School, the 

— 75 — 



Episcopal Church, and Academy, a very large building, were 
hastily prepared as hospitals. Even then these were inadequate 
and other houses were used for their comfort. Day and night 
these noble women toiled to care for tlieir brave defenders. A 
cemetery lot had been selected early in the commencement of 
the war, and the muflled drum and the firing of platoons 
over the graves, Avere heard daily. Flowers and dainties 
of the ])cst that could be had were served to the poor 
sufferers by the ladies themselves, who deemed it a Ijlensed 
privilege to soothe as much as possible the hardships of the he- 
roes of this terrible war. Decorating the soldiers' graves annually 
commenced so far 'back in Quincy that its origin has no fixed 
date. Then came the Battle of Olustee, or Ocean Pond, Feb- 
*^ ruary 20tih, I860, near Jacksonville, Florida, and again were the 
soldiers wounded or dead brought to Quincy to be cared for. 
Col. James Barrow was shot through the heart, his remains were 
taken to Headquarters in Quincy, and lay in state before being 
taken to his home in Georgia. Next came the Battle of Natural 
Bridge, near New Port, thirty miles from Tallahassee. The 
home guards of old men were called out, and engaged in battle 
and the remaining inhabitants could distinctly hear the booming 
of the cannon March 6th, 1865. The enemy met with stubborn 
resistance, were defeated, put to flight, and retreated in disorder 
to their fleet, which was anchored in or near the " Spanish 
Hole" below St. Marks. By this time Gen. Lee surrendered, 
April 9th, I860, and what was left of the old South gathered 
herself together with the remnant that was left of loved ones, 
and shattered fortunes. The Ladies' Aid Society went regu- 
larly annually to the Soldiers' Cemetery, east of the town of 
Quincy, kept a strict guard over these graves. Dr. Charles A. 
Hentz and Capt. C. E. L. Allison, who had lost his right arm in 
the battle of Chickamauga, September 19-20, 1863, found the 
names of all the soldiers who were buried in the Soldiers' Ceme- 
tery on the records of the court house of Quincy, and the ladies 
had wooden marking stones placed over their graves. In 1868 
!Mrs. Pleasant Woodson White, who had done so much noble and 
self-sacrificing work with the help of her many friends, declined 
nomination for re-election. Mrs. R. H. M. Davidson was elected 
President, ^^Irs. Elisha P. Dismukes, First Vice President; Mts. 
John Lawrence, Second Vice President; Mrs. Broome, Third 

— 76 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1884. 
Quincy, Florida. 



Yice President. Mrs. Arthur Forman (Mary Ann Booth), the 
First Vice-President of the Ladies' Aid Association from its be- 
ginning, whose work for the noble caiise knew no bounds, and 
whose only son was seriously wounded at Chickamauga, read a 
letter in the Columbus (Ga.) Times, written in 1866 by Mrs. 
Charles L. Williams, and was so pleased with the beauty and 
appropriateness of it that she read it to the Ladies' Aid Society, 
and urged that the 2Gth of April be enshrined in the hearts of 
the Ladies' Aid Society, and that hereafter this day be set apart 
as Memorial Day, as the flowers were then plentiful and in full 
bloom. The 26th of April was then adopted, and has been since 
recognized as Memorial Day. 

Extract from a letter written to Mrs. Elisha P Dismukes by 
Mrs. James G. Gibbes, respecting The Ladies' Confederate 
Memorial Association. " I was elected President in 1870, al- 
though the day was regularly observed under the auspices of 
the Ladies' Aid Society by the entire community who always 
took part from the burial of the first soldiers, until a permanent 
reorganization was effected about the 1st of April (as the annual 
election for officers then took place), I am of the same opinion 
as yourself that we begun early in the war, and the patriotic 
influences never waned. Captain Charles B. L. Allison was al- 
ways interested and one of the foremost in every work and cele- 
hration." 

EXTEACTS FROM RECORDS OF MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION FOR 

QUINCY^ GADSDEN COUNTY^ FLORIDA^ AS REPORTED BY MISS 

REBECCA WHITE, RECORDING SECRETARY. 

" In the absence of the President, Mrs. James G. Gibbes, 
the meeting was called to order by Mrs. Elisha P. Dis- 
mukes, First Vice-President. The first business being the 
election of officers, Mrs. E. P. Dismukes was nominated, 
and unanimously elected President of the Association. Mrs. 
John Lawrence, Mrs. James Broome, Mrs. A. L. Wilson, 
Miss Eva Mitchell, were elected Vice-Presidents. Mrs. 
Gibbes has moved to Columbus, S. C. Miss Ermin Malone was 
elected Corresponding Secretary of the Association, Miss 
Eebecca White was re-elected Eecording Secretary, Mrs. E. 
G. Harris was elected Treasurer. The following committee was 
appointed to see that the grounds of the soldiers' cemetery were 
in order before the 26th of April: Mrs. Mitchell, Mrs. Keep, 

— 77 — 



Mrs. Lawrence, Miss Lillie Woodruff, Miss Mattie Burghard" 
and Miss Minnie White. xVfter a brief discussion as to the 
clioice of days between Saturday the 25th and Sunday 26th,. 
for tlic observing of Memorial Day, it was decided that for 
many reasons Saturday the 25th, would be best, so on voting- 
that day was chosen. 

Mrs. Bridges, Mrs. Sibley, Miss Rebecca White were appointed 
a committee to call upon i\Ir. Broome and request for the Ladies 
of the ^lemorial Association, that he secure an orator for Me- 
morial Day. The members of the Association are cordially 
invited to meet at the residence of Judge P. W. White at 5 p. m., 
17th April, to arrange a program, etc., for the 25th. The Presi- 
dent earnestly hopes that the ladies will all respond and attend 
the meeting. After an informal discussion regarding needed 
repairs and the best method of meeting expenses of said repairs, 
and the buying of small marble or granite slabs to mark each 
grave, it was thought best to continue the discussion at the next 
meeting. There being no further business, the meeting was ad- 
journed to meet in two weeks at the home of Judge White." 

When Mrs. James G. Gibbes moved to Columbus about 1889, 
]\rrs. Elisha P. Dismukes was elected to the Presidency. Mrs. 
Dismukes left Quincy in 1892 for Columbus, Georgia, where she- 
has since resided and Mrs. John Lawrence was then elected 
President of the Memorial Association, and remained so until 
1900 when she resigned and Mrs. Frank May was made Presi- 
dent. Miss Rebecca White has been Recording Secretary for 
years. 

The Memorial Association is a distinct body from the Daugh- 
ters of the Confederacy. 

Members of the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association as 
organized from the Ladies Aid Society in April 1868, to the 
present time: Mesdames Arthur Forman, Telfair, Sarah Mc- 
Neil, Harrison, Judge Dupont, Wm. Stockton, P. W. White, 
Samuel Stephen, Ballou, Dr. Fayette Henr)^, I. R. Harris, An- 
derson Harris, R. H. M. Davidson, James G. Gibbes, A. K. 
Allison, Wm. Munroe, S. Lunday, T. Givens, Hamilton Wright, 
John Jordan, Henry Love, E. P. Dismukes, Chas. DuPont, John 
Malone, W. B. Malone, J. J. R. Love, X. P. Quarterman, E. C. 
Love, Henry Curtis, F. Sharon, John Lawrence, Geo. Zeigler, 
John L. Dismukes, Geo. Dismukes, W. W. Wilson, John Howard, 
Owens, A. L. Wilson, F. P. May, James Broome, R. G. Harris,. 

— 78 — 




GEN. E. A. PERRY, 
Pensacola, Florida. 



Edward Jordan, J. E. Davidson, Geo. Mimroe, C. S, Curtis, 
James Harris and J. L. McFarlin ; Misses Annie Malone, Ermine 
Malone, Eebecca White, Minnie White, Fannie Stephens and 
F. F. Malone. 

Mrs. Gibbes, one of the most active members of the Ladies' 
Memorial Association with the ladies of the society, by indom- 
itable labor and perseverance, entertainments, private subscrip- 
tions, etc., raised money sufficient to erect a very beautiful 
monument which is in the court house square in the town of 
Quincy. When Mrs. Gibbes moved to Columbia, South Caro- 
lina, Mrs. Elisha P. Dismukes was elected President. Mrs. John 
Lawrence succeeded Mrs. E. P. Dismukes, and proved a most 
active and efficient President for she imdertook and completed 
the putting up of a neat fence around the soldiers cemetery, cost- 
ing over $1,200.00. 

The Ladies' Memorial Association of Quincy, Florida, is en- 
gaged also in historical work, and is striving to secure the name 
of every soldier who enlisted in the Confederate Army from that 
city. By persistent and repeated efforts they have succeeded 
in procuring the following roster of Company G, Young Guards, 
C. S. A. This command was in Pensacola during the first year 
of the war: 

Muster Eoll of the " Young Guards/' Eeorganized. 

From Quimy Semi-WeeMij Dispatch of May 26, 1862. 

This Company, Capt. E. A. Waller, has filled up its ranks to 
all the law allows — 125 men. Several applications to Join it, 
we are informed, have been necessarily refused, because full. 

Below we publish a full roll of its members. We can not 
help remarking the manly and genteel appearance of the Com- 
pany. We look to it with pride: 

Company G. Young Guards, left Quincy on April 4, 1861; 
John H. Gee, Captain; W. M. Davidson, 1st Lieutenant; W. 
W. Wilson, 2nd Lieutenant; A. W. Wilson, 3rd Lieutenant; E. 
C. Booth, Surgeon. Orderly Sergeant, L. E. Westcott; Second 
Sergeant, W. N. Mitchell; 3rd Sergeant, E. P. Dismukes; 4th 
Sergeant, J. W. Malone. A. D. Love, 1st Corporal; J. J. E. 
Love, 2nd Corporal ; C. D. Towers, 3rd Corporal ; N. H. Zeigler, 
4th Corporal. G. W. Austin, J. P. Bracewell, Hector Bruce, 

— 79 — 



S. K. Ceasseaux, Jac'n. Dearborn, C. W. DuPont, Xixon El- 
liott, C. C. Grimn, John Hollonian, A. B. Love, T. R. Love, 
Wm. McElv}', Philip Macray, B. H. Munroe, A. M. Nathans, 
E. M. Owens, D. A. Shaw, Gabriel Smith, T. Y. Smith, J. J. 
Subers, T. P. Thomas, W. H. Wade, G. B. Zeigler, Wesley 
Black, W. J. Brown, John Burghard, W. G. Oook, Jesse Dixon, 
J. H. DuPont, P. C. Gee, S. H. Harris, Henni Keoppen, Henry 
Love, Chalmers McCaJl, A. N. Mclver, Colin McPherson, C. H. 
Muse, B. Newton, R. H. Randolph, R. G. Shaw, T. F. Smith, 
W. T. Stockton, Jr., Jas. Sylvester, Artemas Tooten, J. C. West. 

M<any Confederate soldiers from Quincy, Florida, enlisted in 
cavalry and artillery companies. This is a partial list; there 
were many others whose names could not be obtained. Cavalry 
— Judge (Captain) Woodson P. White, Joseph DuPont, Charles 
DuPont, William j\funroe, Thos. F. Munroe, Charles ]\Iuse, 
Jesse Bootli, Porter Soott, Theo. Hudnall, Andy Hndnall, and 
Henry Sylvester. Artillery — George Dismukes, John F. Dis- 
mnkes, Lycurgiis Brown, James Sylvester, Thomas Y. Smith, 
and many others. 

Home Guards — Captain Charles DuPont, Madison Wilson, 
William Munroe, Samuel B. Stephens, Ralph Durr, Arthur J. 
Forman, Abraham K. Allison, Hudson Muse, Nathaniel Zeigler, 
John I^fathewison, Thomas Y. Henry, David Wilson, and many 
others. 

Muster Roll of the Young Guards of Quincy, Florida, reor- 
ganized in May, 18G2, Company B., Eighth Florida Ragiment: 
Captain, R. E. Waller, killed at Sharpsburg, 17th September, 
1862; First Lieutenant, T. R. Love, promoted to Captain, 
wounded at Gettysburg, died in hospital; Second Lieutenant, 
J. W. Booth, resigned; Third Lieutenant, T. W. Brown, re- 
signed; First Sergeant, L. R. Wescott, killed at Sharpsburg; 
Second Sergeant, E. P. Dismukes, elected Lieutenant of Com- 
pany F, wounded and taken prisoner at Gettysburg; Third Ser- 
geant, J. S. Barinoau, killed in battle ; Fourth Sergeant, J. W. 
Malone, elected Lieutenant, Company I, wounded and taken pris- 
oner at Gettysburg; Fifth Sergeant, H. H. Ingram; First Cor- 
poral, J. J. R. Tvove; Second Corporal, John E. Luten; Third 
Corporal, W. C. Morris; Fourth Corporal, T. W. Harper; Mu- 
sician, Benj. E. Russell ; Andrews, W., wounded at Chancellors- 
ville; Arline, A. R. ; Barineaux, W. R., elected Lieutenant, 
killed in battle; Barineaux, J. E. ; Barfield, Levi: Blan, C. ; 
Blount, Xeil; Boutwcll, J. D.; Boyd, William; Bracewell, J. 
S. ; Bradsbaw, J. J. ; Bradshaw, J. M. ; Bradshaw, S. J. ; Brad- 
well, A. ]\r.; Brock, J. A.; Brock, Abraham; Bruce, Hector, 

— so — 




HON. A. E. MAXWELL, 

One of the Surviving Members of the Confederate Congress, 
Pensacola, Florida. 



elected Captain of Company B, wounded and taken prisoner 
at Gettysburg ; Campbell, M. M. ; Castello, John, wounded ; 
Chason, Johnathon; Chester, D. H. ; Collins, Benja- 
min, wounded at Manassas, second battle; Connell, J. W. ; 
Connell, T. F. ; Cowen, W. W. ; Cox, J. F. ; Cox, J. H. ; Cox, 
Simon; Cox, William G.; Davis, T. P.; Dickson, William; Dol- 
lar, Francis; Dollar, James; Dollar, William; Donaldson, J. 
B. ; Dudley, H. ; Dudley, Ivan; Freeman, J. W. ; Gaudy, Theo- 
phelous; Ganons, Lemuel; Ganons, Mitchell; Gibson, B. H., 
wounded in the Wilderness fight, 1864; Goddin, Thomas; Gray, 
Thomas; Green, J. E., killed at Hatchei-'s Eun; Green, W. F., 
killed at Hatcher's Eun; Griffin, J. E., wounded at Sharpsburg 
and Wilderness; Griffiji, D. E. ; Hall, P. W. ; Harrell, Darius; 
Harrell, Eli as; Harrell, J. J.; Harrell, Jolui; HaiTcll, Little- 
ton ; Harrell, M. P. ; Hannah, C. ; Hannah. H. ; Ingram, J. M., 
wounded at Sharpsburg; Ingram, W. J.; Jarvis, J. S.; John- 
son, J. E., killed at Fredericksburg, December, 1863 ; Johnson, 
W. W. ; Kemp, J. Iv., killed at Chancellorsville ; Lambert, Ben- 
jamin; Lambert, D. L. ; Lambert, George; Lambert, Mos-es; 
Love, A. B. ; Love, Alex D., killed at Chancellorsville; Love, 
Henry H., wounded in battle; Marshall, J. M. ; McCall, Cham- 
bers, wounded at Sharpsburg ; McDianiel, E. ; McDougald, John ; 
McElvy, H. L. ; McGowin, J. A. ; McJenkins, J. A. ; McLaugh- 
lin, James; McPherson, Collin; Messer, W. D., killed in battle; 
Messer, W. F. ; Morris, T. J. ; M*uir, David ; ISFixon, James ; 
Pickett, Charles; Prevott, T. E.; Eandolph, Eichard H., Or- 
dinance Sergeant for regiment; Eeid, C. S. ; Eeeves, J. M. ; 
Eoberts. Jackson ; Eoberf s, W. G. ; Shaw, D. A, ; Simpson, J. 
P. ; Smith, A. W. ; Spingler, John ; Spooner, William ; Strange, 
B. F. ; Swicord, S. W. ; Strickland, James ; Sylvester, James H., 
woimded; Taylor, Green; Thomas, W.'T. ; Walters, J. P.; 
Vinson, Joseph; Wilson, D. C. ; Wilson, W., elected Lieuten- 
ant Company K, wounded and taken prisoner at Gettysburg; 
Wimberly, Ezekiel; Woodberry, Samuel C, Qua.rtermaster Ser- 
geant for regiment; Woodward, Edward; Wright, B. B. 

Muster Eoll, Company C, Sixth Florida Eegiment (Color 
Company) ; Civil War, 1861 to 1865. Commissioned Of- 
ficers. — ^James C. Evans, Captain, resigned, ill health; Wm. 
Booth Malone, First Lieutenant, elected Captain; Dr. Wm. 
Booth Forman, Second Lieutenant, elected First Lieutenant, 
wounded at Chickamauga, Tenn. ; John M. Thomas, Third Lieu- 
tenant, elected Second Lieutenant. Non-Commissioned Officers 
— Alfred Fitzgerald Malone, First Sergeant, Orderly, elected 
Lieutenant, wounded at Chickamauga, Tenn. ; Gilmore Kenedy, 
Second Sergeant, killed at Chickamauga, Tenn. ; Francis Smith, 
Third Sergeant, died; A. J. Eawls, Fourth Sergeant, killed at 
Chickamauga, Tenn.; Benjamin S. G. Smith, Fifth Sergeant. 
Corporals — Albert S. McBride, First Corporal; Thomas Pres- 

— 81 — 



ton Jones, Second Corporal; Thomas G. Brown, Third Cor- 
poral, wounded ; John Boykin, Fourth Corporal. Privates — 
J. Albert, died in sernce; — Austin, died in service; Leopold 
Adler, killed at Chickamauga; Lycurgus BroA^Ti, Benjamin 
Brown, died in service; Buck BowTuan, — Browning, William 
Boykin, died in service; Harrison Boykin, died in service; 
John Cameron, killed on the battlefield ; — Cloud died in ser- 
vice; Edward Cowan, died in sen^ice; Thomas Chasen, Burrell 
Dalton, died in service; Dalton Bailey, Wesley Dean, J. Dykes, 
John Dudley, died in Kentucky campaign; Jesse Daeley, 
Twiggs Dariey, died of wounds; Joseph Durr, Henry Durr, J. 
Dyer, w^ounded in battle; William Davis, — Edenfield, Jos. 
Edwards, — Fain, died in service; — Ferrell, killed 
at Chickamauga; Walker Gee, M. M. Gillis, Sergeant, 
died in service; Harry Harris, killed in Atlanta; Chas. 
H. Jones, Joseph Jeter, wounded; Dan Johnson, died 
in Kentucky campaign; William Johnson, died in service; 
Henry King. Flavius Kenedy, killed at Chickamauga, Septem- 
ber 19th; Kit Kyle, Benjamin Kemp, wounded in battle: Dr. 
Wra. Love, died at Knoxville in service; Wm. Kaing, John 
Mathews, Sr., John Mathews, Jr., Marcus Mathews, died; Al- 
bert Hudson Muse, killed on battlefield at Missionary Eidge; 
John Mercer and Asa Mercer, died in service; David !^Iills and 
Septimus !Mills, both killed in battle; William ]\[clver, mor- 
tally wounded at Chickamauga, Tenn. ; John Mclver, J. ^le- 
Dougald, Tom McDousrald, killed in battle; J. ^l. :\IcDougald, 
killed at Dallas, September 19, 18G3; Philip McEao, and Dun- 
can McEae, killed at Chickamauga; Wm. Mitchell, J. O'Xeal, 
John Pittman, died; LaFayette Eeeves, killed; Eobert Eoach, 
died; Jasper Eichards, Newton Eiehards. J. Eowan, Jake Sat- 
ifer, — Spear, killed at Chickamauga, Tenn. ; Eobert Smith, 
John Smart, Thomas Scaly, died in service in Tennessee; Wm. 
Sylvester, died in prison; John Sadler, Sr., John Sadler, Jr., 
both died in service; Wm. Tharpe, died in prison; Amos Tu- 
ten, killed at Chickamauga, Tenn.; A. J. Truluck, died; John 
Whalcy, killed at Chickamauga; Thomas Whaley, killed at 
Chickamauga; Eobert Witherspoon, A. J. Yates, B. S. Smith. 
Lieutenant Colonel E. H. "NL Davidson, Captain Joseph Da- 
vidson (Quartermaster), T>ieutenant Colonel W. J. Stock- 
ton, of the Sixth Florida Eegiment, were wounded at Dallas, 
Georgia, May 28th, 1864. Colonel Daniel L. Keenan, of the 
Sixth Florida Eegiment, was wounded at Bentonville, N. C, 
in 1865. This list of casualities is not complete. 

Compiled by Mrs. Elisha P. Dismukes, now residing in Co- 
lumbus, Ga. In this work she was assisted by Miss Eebecca. 
White, of Quincy, Florida. 



— 82 — 




HON. STEPHEN R- MALLORY, 

Secretary of the Navy, Confederate States of America. 

Pensacola, Florida. 




GEORGIA 



MRS. F. A. TIMBERLAKE. 

Vice-President Confederatecl Soutnern Memorial Association, 
Augusta, Georgia. 

Mrs. F. A. Timberlake, who was Mrs. Mildred Eve Walton, 
at the time she was made President of the Ladies' Memorial As- 
sociation of Augusta., in March, 1873, held that offioe continu- 
ously for twenty-seven years. 

During the war she was an active member of the Ladies' Re- 
lief and Hospital Association, and in the home of her father, 
Dr. Joseph A. Eve, had full opportunity of seeing and caring 
for the sick and wounded soldiers of the Confederacy. This 
hospitable home never turned away any of the needy ones of 
the Great Cause, and its charitable household continually and 
cheerfully ministered to their necessities. 

Mrs. Timberlake daily visited the hospitals and carried deli- 
cacies to the sick soldiers, among whom were some Federal pris- 
oners, who shared equally these conforts. Owing to ihe great 
interest taken by Mrs. Timberlake in these soldiers the pro- 
ceeds of a fair in Aiken, S. C, was sent to her for disbursement. 
One day, returning from a visit there, accompanied by the chap- 
lain, Eev. W. J. Hard, to their great surprise and sorrow, they 
met the solemn procession, headed by our beloved President of 
the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis, a captive. A mounted Fed- 
eral guard attended him. The sidewalks were crowded with cit- 
izens with bared heads and sad faces. Mr. Davis manifested 
his appreciation of their presence and sympathy by continuing 
to bow to all as h'e rode by. It was one of the most touching 
scenes imaginable. He was carried temporarily to the Rich- 
mond Academy, which was the Federal headquarters at that 
time, the building already historic from its association with 
President Washington, who visited it when in Augusta in 1791, 
and presented one of the students with a prize for declamation. 

— 83 — 



During Mr, Davis' imprisonment, his wife and infant daugh- 
ter, Winnie, were for some time the guests of Hon. George 
Schley and family, living a few miles from Augusta, who were 
relatives of Mrs. Timberlake, and she enjoyed most pleasant 
intercourse with them. After a period of time, she again met 
Winnie Davis in Athens, Ga., growTi to charming womanhood, 
"the Daughter of the Confederacy." Her gracious manners 
won all hearts, and her memory will ever be most tenderly 
cherished. 

At the expiration of twenty-seven years' ser\dce as President 
of the Ladies' Memorial Association, Mrs. Timl>erlake re>igned 
her office in 1900, and was succeeded by Mrs. C. A. Eowland. 
In recognition of her distinguished services, the Memorial As- 
sociation elected her Honorary President of that body. It was 
owing to her untiring zeal and executive ability, ably assisted 
by Mrs. John T. Miller, who was Secretary and Treasurer, and 
by the Ladies' Memorial Association, that the splendid monu- 
ment to the Confederate dead was erected in. Augusta Ga. It 
is pronoimced one of the handsomest memorials in the South. 

Mrs. Timberlake is also Vice-President of the Confederated 
Southern ^fomorial Association for Georgia, and takes an active 
interest in all patriotic work. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
ALBANY, GEORGIA. 

The Ladies' Memorial Association of Albany, Dougherty 
County, Georgia, grew out of the work of the ladies of Dough- 
erty County for wounded and sick soldiers, who, not able to 
travel farther, were left at Albany at the Way Side Home. The 
Way .Side Home Society rendered efficient services to the 
wounded and sick soldiers, under the wise and able direction of 
Mrs. Amanda Hines Hobbs, the first President, and Mrs. Re- 
becca Welsh Sutton, who succeeded Mrs. Hobbs at the death of 
the latter. 

After tlie war it was the desire of the women of Dougherty 
C^ounty to raise a monument to the dead heroes of the Confeder- 
ate army, but nothing was done until 187G. when Colonel Nelson 
Tift, founder of Albany, Georgia, urged his lady friends re- 

— 84 — 




MRS. F. A. TIMBERLAKE, 

(Formerly Mrs. M. E. Walton.) 

Vice-President for Georgia, Confederated Soutiiern Memorial Association, 

Augusta, Georgia. 



peatedly to start a mon-ument ixmd, and suggested giving public 
dinners at the Fair Ground during the County Fair. 

Three ladies undertook the work : Mrs. Lou Warren, Mrs. A. 
M. Wolihin and Mrs. Lou Smith Talbert. They realized 
$131.41, which they loaned out at interest. Nothing more was 
done to add to this fund until a Ladies' Memorial Association 
was regularly organized in May, 1891, when the following ladies 
met and enrolled as charter members : Mrs. Lou Warren, Pres- 
ident; Miss Hattie Ashe Hall, Vice-President; Mrs. Elizabeth 
Cruger Westbrook, Treasurer; Miss Carrie W. Smith, Secre- 
tary; Mrs. Fannie Tift Nelson, Mrs. Susan Hall Tift, Mrs. Ella 
Bust Hilsman, Mrs. Annie Tarver Hobbs, Mrs. Elizabeth Solo- 
mon Tarver, Mrs. Eugenia Coley Clark, Mrs. Annie Smith 
Davis, Miss Edwina Davis, members. 

The association decided on meeting once each month. The 
initiation fee was fixed at $1.00 and dues at 10 cents each mem- 
ber per month. 

Captain Eichard Hobbs, veteran, spoke to the ladies of the 
neglected condition of the graves of unknown soldiers, and the 
Association decided to raise funds by a concert for this purpose. 

Mrs. E. C. Clark afterwards gave a concert, the proceeds of 
which were invested in marble slabs, which were placed at the 
head of such graves ; these slabs were inscribed "Unknown." 

For several years nothing was done by the Association except 
arranging for the yearly observance of Memorial Day. 

In 1893 Mrs. Lou Warren resigned and Mrs. Fannie Hunter 
Lockett was elected in her place, with Mrs. Westbrook as Treas- 
urer, and Mrs. Carrie Smj.th Ticknor, Secretary. 

In the following five years Mrs. Lockett, Mrs. Clark, Mrs. 
Ticlaior and Mrs. Davis turned over to the Treasurer for the 
monument fund nearly two hundred ($200.00) dollars, the pro- 
ceeds of a concert, a fiag drill and a reading by " Betsy Ham- 
ilton." 

In 1898 Mrs. Lockett resigned and was succeeded by Mrs. Car- 
rie Smith Ticknor, who was succeeded the following year by 
Miss Hattie Ashe Hall and the monument fund was increased 
to five liundred and fifty-one ($551.00) dollars. In 1900 Miss 
Hall displayed great zeal and energy, and in that year a de- 
termined effort was made to raise enough money to erect a 
monument without delay. 

— 85 — 



In 1901 Veteran John G. Laroque, by his individual efforts, 
raised from the citizens of Albany over three hundred dollars, 
and a design for the monument was selected, and the order 
placed with W. H. Miller, of Albany, Ga. 

At a meeting of the Association in 1902 tlie necessity for 
marking the graves of all soldiers buried at Albany was brought 
before the members and a petition was sent to the City Council 
to aid the Association in this work. The Council found that 
they could not appropriate any money for such a cause, but the 
Mayor, Mr. Samuel B. Brown, generously sent the ladies 
$100.00 as a personal contribution, to be used for this purpose. 
Seventy-five marble slabs were ordered with C. S. A. cut on 
them. Mr. W. H. Miller placed these slabs free of charge to 
the Association, under the direction of Mr. F. L. Wilder, sex- 
ton, who also rendered his services free. 

On Wednesday, November 13th, 1901, the monument was 
unveiled in the presence of the entire population of the city. 
The statoie on this monument is life size and is made of Italian 
marble, and is pronounced by all who have seen it as a most 
beautiful and finished work. This statue of a Southern sol- 
dier 'stands on a die of white Georgia marble, the base being of 
granite. The face of the statue looks toward the East. Inscribed 
on the marble die are these words: 

^'They fought, not for conquest, but for liberty and their own 
homes." 

On the East side is inscribed : "Our Confederate dead, 
1861-1865." On the South side: "These men need no eulogy, 
for their works do follow them." On the West side: "This 
monument is erected under the auspices of the Ladies' Me- 
morial Association of Dougherty County, Georgia, to the men 
who fought in the Confederate army in defense of Constitu- 
tional Liberty." 

The Association to-day is not largo, but loyal to the past. 
Several membcM's liave withdrawn, and some liave moved away. 
It is the purpose of tlie members to mark the graves of every 
soldier buried liere, to keep alive the love and gratitude for 
those who fought, and to aid in every possible way all fefforts 
to render to posterity the glorious record made l\v our South- 
em soldiers. 

The present membership of the Association consists of Miss 
ITattie Ashe Hall, President; Mrs. Sue Tarpley Carter, Vice- 

— 86 — 



President; Miss Edwina Lamar Davis, Treasurer; Mrs. Annie 
Smith Davis, Secretary; Mrs. Pauline Smith Sterne, Mrs. Fan- 
nie Tift Nelson, Mrs. Carrie Smith Ticknor, Mrs. Eva Carter 
Wooten, Mrs. Lou Smith Talbert, Mrs. Susan Hall Tift and 
Mrs. Mary Miller Tyler. 



LADIES' MEMOKIAL ASSOCIATION, 
AMERICUS, GEORGIA. 

At the close of the war the women of Americus, who, in com- 
mon with their sisters all over the South, had labored during 
that stormy period in giving aid and comfort to the Confeder- 
ate soldiers, formed themselves into "The Ladies' Memorial 
Association." 

The object of this Association was to commemorate the deeds 
and to care for the last resting place of those who had died in 
defense of their country. Like the Mary's of old : " 'Twas all 
their love had leave to do." 

It is to be regretted that no record of this society was kept 
in the first years of its existence. The writer knows that since 
its beginning, it has been handed down from mother to daughter, 
as a most sacred charge, and she well rememhers that first 
^^Memorial Day" on the Twent3^-sixth of April, Eighteen Hun- 
dred and Sixty-Six, when they met together, and kneeling there 
where so much of hope was buried, they laid their sweetest 
spring flowers above the sleeping dead. 

It had always been the ardent wish of the Ladies' Memorial 
Association to erect a suitable monument to the soldiers fallen 
in battle, who had gone from among their midst, and they ever 
worked to the accomplishment of this end. In the latter part 
of the seventies, when the government began to improve the 
cemetery at Andersonville, building a wall around it and mak- 
ing many oi<her changes, the graves of the Confederates, who 
had died there during the war, were thereby thrown out in the 
woods, and left in a very neglected condition. 

After mature deliberation this Association resolved to have 
these ]>odies, one hundred and fifteen in number, removed to 
Americus, and gave for this purpose their hoarded monument 
fund. In February, eighteen hundred and eighty, this was 

— S7 — 



carried ink) effect. Neat marble stones were placed at the head 
and foot of each grave — and the names, whenever obtainable, 
otherwise marked "Unknown," inscribed thereon. About this 
time the United Daughters of the Confederacy joined the 
Ladies' Memorial Association in raising money for the erection 
of this monument, but it was not until the spring of eighteen 
hundred and ninety-nine that their long deferred hopes were 
realized, and a handsome monument, costing about eighteen 
hundred dollars, was ordered and soon after placed on its pe- 
destal. 

The officers of this Association were: Mrs. Maria Harrold, 
President; ]\Iiss Mary C. Granberry, Vice-President; Mrs. 
Lucy M. Taylor, Secretary and Treasurer; Mrs. Mattie Bivins- 
Cobb, Historian. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
ATLANTA, GEORGIA. 

Confederate ]\Iemorial work in Atlanta, which has culmi- 
nated in such grand evidences in stone, as illustrated in this 
volume, was begun by Mrs. Joseph H. Morgan. She had 
served, when known as Miss Eugenia Goode, as Secretary of 
the Atlanta Hospital Association for three years, and had been- 
married about one year to ^fajor Joseph H. ]\rorgan, when- 
Mrs. Charles J. Williams, of Columbus, Ga., made her appeal 
to the ladies of the South to aid her in observing Memorial Day.. 

On the 15th day of April, 1866, Mrs. Morgan requested Mrs.. 
W. W. Cla}ix)n (sister to General Paul Semmes), and her 
daughters, who are now Mrs. Hodge and ^Irs. Crane, to imite- 
with her in calling the ladies together and in making prepara- 
tions for celebrating the day. 

Accordingly, these ladies, with the addition of Mrs. John Sim- 
mons, went out among their friends and in two days raised 
$350.00 as a memorial fund, to defray the expenses of clearing 
the ground, putting it in proper condition, and otherwise cele- 
lirating the day. Mrs. Morgan, with her father and mother, 
Major and Mrs. Hamilton Goode, and the Misses Clayton, went 
day after day to the cemetery, taking their lunch with them, di- 
recting the hired labor, until they had cleared tlie ground where 
all the known dead are interred in Oakland Cemetery. These de- 

— 88 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1872, 
Atlanta, Georgia. 



voted pioneers spared not their own hands from such sacred 
toil, but assisted in making clean this last bed of the heroes at 
rest there. These ladies then sent to Stone Mountain for cedar, 
which was brought by the Georgia Eailroad free of charge and de- 
posited in a building on Marietta street, a then central point. 
They then met and twined it into wreaths, crosses and other de- 
signs, to be kept in readiness for the occasion, to be so sweetly 
celebrated. On the 25th day of April this notice was sent to the 
merchants in the city: 

"In behalf of the ladies of Atlanta we request the merchants 
t^ close their doors on to-morrow, April 26th, for the purpose 
of decorating the graves of the Confederate soldiers. 

"Mrs. Joseph H. Morgan, 
"Miss Julia Clayton, 
'T\Iiss Sallie Clayton, 

"Committee." 

The Intelligencer and New Era, daily papers, published in 
Atlanta at that tdme, repeated the request, and gave the ladies 
all the assistance possible. Consequently, on the 26th, at the 
early hour of nine o'clock, nearly all the business houses were 
closed, and the people, young and old, were seen wending their 
way to the cemetery, most of them bearing some floral tribute 
to be deposited above the silent dust. The City of the Living 
was deserted, for the time, for the City of the Dead. 

Mrs. Joseph H. Morgan, Mrs. Goode, Mrs. Clayton and 
daughters, Mfrs. Willis Peck, Mrs. John N". Simmons. Mrs. E. 
Lawshe, Mrs. John ISTeal and daughters, Mrs. Westmoreland, 
Mrs. (Dr.) Grant and Mrs. J. M. Johnson met in the building 
where the decorations were deposited, and, together with Col- 
onel Hoge, Colonel E. Y. Clarke, Mr. A. E. Watson, E. Bass, 
Major Tom Williams, Captain W. M. Williams, Major Jos. EC- 
Morgan and others, walked to the cemetery, carrying their of- 
fering to the heroic dead. They went with heavy hearts and many 
misgivings. They reached the cemetery at 11 o'clock, and near the 
center of the area appropriated to graves of "Confederate Dead" 
was erected an arch of evergreens, which was beautifully gemmed 
with flowers. Colonel Hoge introduced Eev. E. Q. Mallard, of 
the Central Presbyterian Church, chaplain for the occasion. 
After a few very impressive remarks, he offered a fervent,, 
touching prayer. 

— 89 — 



The wTcaths of evergreen and flowers that had been prepared 
were then laid upon the graves, until the four thousand had 
been covered. Their memory was typifyed by the evergreens, and 
their praises voiced l)y tlie perfume of the flowers. They then 
returned, cjuietly and solemnly, to their respective homes. 

Such was Atlanta's first ^^lemorial Day. 

The next day a notice was published in the daily papers, call- 
ign the ladies and citizens generally to attend a meeting to be 
held at Wesley Chapel, for the purpose of electing officers of the 
Atlanta Memorial Association, and devising means to procure 
funds for the proper disintierment of our gallant dead, who 
were then lying in trenches around Atlanta. 

The meeting was organized by calling Dr. J. N. Simmons 
to the chair, and requesting Colonel E. F. Hoge to act as Sec- 
retary. An election for permanent officers was then held, 
which resulted as follows: 

Board of Directors — General G. T. Anderson, Colonel J. S. 
Prather, Colonel E. F. Hoge, Captain W. M. Williams, ]\rajor 
A. Leyden, Dr. J. G. Westmoreland, Mrs. E. Bass, Mrs. J. j\I. 
Johnson and Mrs. W. F. Westmoreland. President, Dr. J. P. 
Logan; First Vice-President, Mrs. Joseph H. Morgan; Second 
Vice-Piesident, Mrs. E. B. Walker; Third Vice-President, Mrs. 
J. N. Simmons. 

In the following years, 1866 and 1867, under the presidency of 
!Mrs. Joseph H. ^lorgan, Memorial Day was fittingly observed, 
and many improvements made on the grounds. Many bodies 
were removed from the trenches around Atlanta and re-interred. 

About this time the Association petitioned the city, asking 
a donation of ground in Oakland Cemetery, for the purpose 
of giving these neglected heroes a Christian burial. 

Mr. Frank Ryan, an ex-Confederate and Clerk of Council,, 
furnishes the following extracts from the minutes: 

"Resolution by Mr. Bell. 

"Resolved, '"i'hat the petition of the Atlanta ^Nfemorial Asso- 
ciation, asking a donation of land for the purpose of interring 
the Conffderate dead, be referred to the Committee on Ceme- 
tory. and that the said committee have full power to act in the 
premises. Agreed to." The committee gave them the ground 
now marked 'T'nknnwn." They failed to raise the money to be- 
gin the work, and it was postponed another year. They had 

— 90 — 



no money in the treasury to pay for jDainting the remaining 
headboards. Major Joseph H. Morgan painted five hundred 
himself, lettered them and superintended the setting up of all 
the headboards in the cemetery. In the spring of 1868 Mrs. 
Morgan resigned her position on account of absence from At- 
lanta. 

At the next meeting of the Association the following otBcers 
were elected : President, Mrs. John B. Gordon ; First Vice- 
President, Mrs. J. M. Johnson; Second Vice-President, Mrs. 
Joseph Winship; Third Vice-President, Mrs. E. B. Walker; 
Treasurer, Mrs. W. W. Clayton; Secretary, Mrs. K. P. Zimmer- 
man. 

This year, Memorial Day falling on Sunday, it was observed 
very quietly. At 2 :30 o'clock the procession formed at the 
City Hall and proceeded to the cemetery. Over the main 
drive, where the monument is now, was an arch with the in- 
scription, "Our Soldiers." This year the ladies gave a supper 
for the benefit of the Spottsylvania Memorial Association in 
Virginia, from which they realized $303.80, which they turned 
over to General Gordon to forward to them. About this time 
the Association appealed to the Legislature for an appropria- 
tion to remove the dead. This was refused. They were not 
discouraged, but continued to give entertainments until they 
raised the required amount, and during the winter of this year 
the dead were removed. 

The Fikst Addeess. 

On the 26th of April, 1869, the first Memorial address was 
delivered. Colonel E. Y. Clarke introduced the orator, Gen- 
eial W. S. Walker, in a chaste and eloquent speech. General 
Walker's address was short, conservative and appropriate. 

This year a movement was made to erect a monument to 
our "Confederate Dead" that should be an eternal testimo- 
nial to their patriotism and valor. The Association had 
made some progress under Mrs. Gordon's administration. 
Honorable mention is due, just here, to Colonel E. Y. Clarke, 
who had worked with the ladies from the beginning of their 
labor of love. As they began to accumulate money for the 
monimient, they agitated the question as to where it was to 
be placed. Some wished to have it in the cemetery, and oth- 

— 91 — 



ers in the city on ^larietta street. A meeting of the 
most prominent people of the city was held at the City Hall 
to decide the question by 'ballot. The majority voted to place 
it in the cemetery. Mrs. Gordon resigned the office of Presi- 
dent, j\Irs. J. M. Johnson, First Vice-President, was elected 
by acclamation i'o succeed her. 

As Vice-President with Mrs. Gordon, Mrs. Johnson had per- 
sonally superintended removing the dead for ten miles around 
and through the city. In some of the trenches she found as 
many as ninety bodies, wrapped in their blankets, hands 
crossed, with their caps laid over their faces. When exposed to 
the air they crumbled to dust. Their bones were sacredly gath- 
ered and placed in boxes already prepared. 

It must be remembered that Atlanta was burned to the ground 
in 1864 by General Sherman, and her impoverished citizens 
found it difficult to get lumber to rebuild their homes. The 
ladies of the Memorial Association were compelled to have lum- 
ber to make boxes to bury the dead. Mrs. Johnson went to 
Stone Mountain, where she heard some lumber could be bought. 
She superintended the making of the boxes, until the three 
thou^sand unknown patriots were given a Christian burial. It 
cost six thousand dollars to provide boxes and remove the bodies 
— two dollars for each. 

Memorial Day, 1870, was appropriately observed. Colonel 
C. H. Hoge, as orator, delivered an able and eloquent address. 

Immediately after Memorial Day the Association went to work 
to raise money for the proposed monument. They had raised 
enough to defray the cost of laying the corner-stone and putting 
the coping around the base of the monument, when General 
Robert E. Lee died. Consequently, they chose the day of his 
funeral for laying the corner-stone. General G. T. Anderson 
was marshal of the day, assisted by l\[ajor J. H. Morgan. The 
procession was composed of Masonic lodges, Knights Templar, 
Good Templars, members of the press, officers and students of 
Oglethorpe College, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 
Mayor and Council, and all city officers. The city appeared in 
mourning. The procession reached the City Hall at 11 o'clock. 
The ?neinl)ors of the ^^femorial Association, the orator of tlie day, 
and other distinguished persons occupied seats on the stand. Rev. 
W. 'W Brantley then offered a prayer, after which there was music 
by the band. Dr. H. V. M. Miller, then United States Senator, 



— 92 




EX-PRESIDENTS OF MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
Atlanta, Georgia. 

I. Mrs. Jos. H. Morgan. 2. Mrs. John B. Gordon. 

3. Mrs W. D. Ellis, President. 
4. Mrs. Mary Cobb Johnson. 5- Mrs. John MiUedge. 



introduced General John B. Gordon, the orator of the day. We 
may rest assured that he eulogized his lost friend, as no one else 
•could ha^e done, and electrified his audience. When General 
Gordon concluded, the benediction was pronounced by Eev. W. 
M. Crumley. The procession then started to the cemetery* the 
hand playing "Auld Lang Syne." A stand had been erected and 
was spanned by an arch draped in mourning, in the center of 
which was suspended a portrait of General Lee, sword in hand 
standmg in front of his tent. ' 

As the Memorial Association came up to the platform, in 
the van was Colonel Hoge bearing a banner, assisted by Miss 
Mary Clayton and Miss Sallie Edwards. The Knights Templar 
Masonic lodges and Grand lodge were in attendance. 

While the Masons were going through their ceremonies, a 
beautiful Confederate flag was spread over the opening of the 
stone, the history of which was this: Early in 1862, a Con- 
federate soldier, who was a prisoner, died in a hospital' in Ken- 
-tucky. Before he died, he gave this flag to Mrs. Hawkins, who 
Yisited him, and told her to give it to the best Confederate in 
Louisville, and requested that a Yankee should never be allowed 
to touch it. She gave the flag to Mrs. B. A. Pratte, who was at 
that time living in Louisville, but had now become a resident 
of Atlanta and a member of the Ladies' Memorial Association. 
After all these things were deposited, a flag was wrapped 
around them, the box was sealed, and the stone set in mortar, 
when Grand Master Lawrence, according to Masonic rite, poured 
■com, wine and oil upon it. 

Connected with the wine used is a little incident: A bottle 
of champagne was given to Miss Sallie Edwards (now Mrs. 
J. C. Olmsted) by a Kentucky Confederate General, when a 
young girl in Louisville. He told her to keep it and drink it 
when the Confederacy was recognized. She thought this an 
appropriate occasion to use it. Grand Master Lawrence con- 
eluded with a brief address, after which Colonel Thomas How- 
ard made an eloquent, impressive speech, and this concluded 
the ceremonies. 

In 1871 the address was made by Dr. David Wills, of Ogle- 
thorpe College, Dr. Brantley acting as chaplain. The ladies 
worked very hard during this year, trying to pay for the work 
on the- monument. 



— 93 — 



The officers elected for the ensuing year were: Mrs. J. M. 
Jolinson. President; Mrs. Josepli ]I. Morgan, First Vice-Presi- 
dent; ]\rrs. Alfred Austell, Second Vice-President; Mrs. W. K. 
Phillips, Treasurer; Mrs. B. A, Pratte, Secretary. 

:Nremorial Day, 1872, Colonel James D. Waddell made the 
address, and Rev. David Wills offered the prayer. The cere- 
monies were as usual. 

November, 1872, the Association went in a body to the Capitol, 
and requested the members of the Legislature to give their per 
diem to assist (if they could not make an appropriation) to re- 
imburse them for the money spent in removing the dead. Judge 
James Brown, of Canton, was at that time in the Senate, and 
made such a gallant speech for the ladies that they were given 
two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500). 

Memorial Day, 1873, the exercises were more elaborate, and 
it was the greatest success that had so far been attained. All 
the military companies were out, and the procession was three- 
quarters of a mile long. Rev. Robert Elliott, rector of St. 
Phillips Church, was chaplain. General Walker introduced 
Major J. W. Roberts, who read the poem of S. I\. Philips en- 
titled'"lmmortelles." General Walker then introduced General 
A. C. Garlington, who delivered a beautiful address. 

January, 1874, the monument was finished. It is of the 
Roman style, consisting of a rustic base in six courses, twenty 
feet square at the top of the foundation. All the work above the 
base is fine cut ashlar, and laid in courses. The first pedestal 
is finished with a projecting tablet containing the words " Our 
Confederate Dead — 1873." The cap projects beyond the face of 
the pedestal six inches, on which the shaft rises from a large 
convex moulding and runs up to a height of twelve feet without 
diminishing, and is capped with a plain projecting band, the 
fliniinution commencing al)ove the band to the apex of the shaft. 
The whole height is sixty-five feet. It is made of Stone Mountain 
granite. Mr. William Gray was the designer and donated the 
tnlih't and inscrij)tion, as well as his services. Dr. Amos Fox 
voluntarily assumed, for the Association, the contract for the 
erection (as they were not chartered at that time), and saw that 
it was faithfully executed. Colonel Calvin Fay superintonflod 
its erection, and rendered many other valuable services, ^fr. 
J. T. "Nr<'ador, Prosidcnt of the Stono Mountain Granite 



— 94 — 



Company, donated all the granite used, the Association con- 
tracting to pay for the dressing and polishing, which contract 
the Company faithfully executed. Superintendent S. K. John- 
son, of the Cxeorgia Eailroad, transported all of the granite over 
the road free of charge. It would have cost $17,000 as it is, but 
for these donations. The actual cost of dressing and polishing 
the granite, and erecting the monument, was $8,000.00. 

Memorial Day, 1874, the monument was unveiled. It had been 
just four years since the corner-stone was laid. 

The ladies of the Memorial Association, with Governor Smith, 
Judges of the Supreme Court, and Hon. Thomas Hardeman' 
had seats on the monument. General Clement A. Evans offered 
a fervent prayer. Then Colonel Eobert A. Alston introduced 
Hon. Thomas Hardeman, orator of the day, whose eloquent 
address made an impression never to be forgotten by those who 
heard him. The monument was all paid for now, but one 
thousand dollars. The ladies were determined to finish paying 
for it this year. 

In 1875, Eev. E. C. Fonto, rector of St. Philips Church, acted 

as chaplain, and Capt. Harry Jackson delivered the address. A 

poem by Dr. H. L. W. Craig was read by Judge George Hillyer. 

In 1876, General Walker was marshal; Dr. A. T. Spaldino-^ 

chaplain, and Judge James F. Pou, of Columbus, orator. 

In 1877, General Walker, marshal: Eev. D. W. Gwyn, chap- 
lain, and Mr. Howard Van Epps, orator. 

In 1878, General G. T. Anderson, marshal; Father Quinian, 
chaplain, and Hon. James W. Eobertson, orator. 

In 1879, Captain John Milledge was marshal; General C. A. 
Evans, chaplain, and General Fitz Hugh Lee, orator. 

In 1880, Dr. Wm. E. Boggs was chaplain; Colonel E. F. 
Hoge, orator, and a poem by Miss Johnnie Hunt, of Vicksburg, 
Mississippi, was read. 

In 1881, Major Cummings was marshal; Eev. John W. Heidt, 
chaplain; Prof. McAdoo of Knoxville, poet, and Captain John 
Milledge, orator. Mr. Smith Clayton presented the composition 
entitled " The Faded Jacket of Gray " which has been declaimed 
by school boys all over the State. 

In the fall of 1881. Mrs. J. M. Johnson resigned the Presi- 
dency, and Mrs. W. W. Clayton was elected in her stead, with 
Mrs. Joseph H. Morgan as First Vice President; Mrs. George 

— 95 — 



T. Fry, Second Vice-President; ]\Irs. Mary DeSaussure, Treas- 
urer, and Mrs. W. D. Ellis, Secretary. 

In 1882, General P. B. M. Young was marshal; Dr. Henry 
McDonald, chaplain, and Colonel E. F. Hoge, orator. 

In the fall of 1882. j\Irs. Clayton resigned the office of Presi- 
dent, and was succeeded by Mrs. B. A. Pratte. 

In 1883,Major W. D. Luckie was marshal; Rev. D. W. Gwyn 
was chaplain, and short addresses were made by Captain Harry 
Jackson and Captain John Milledge, both in uniform. 

In 1884," Dr. E. H. Bamett was chaplain and Judge George 
Hillycr, orator. 

Mrs. Pratte resigned the Presidency at this time, and was suc- 
ceeded by Mrs. Mary DeSaussure, under whose administration 
devoted and efficient work was done. 

Eje-Organization. 

October 16th, 1884, the Association was re-organized. Busi- 
ness of importance made it necessary that it should be chartered. 
Colonel George T. Fry prepared the charter. 

The meeting was held in the parlor of the Young Men's 
Library. Captain Milledge was called to the chair, and Colonel 
George T. Fry was requested to act as Secretary and to read 
the charter. After having heard it read, the ladies accepted 
and organized under it. The following officers were then 
elected : President, Mrs. Fanny C. ]\Iilledge ; First Vice-Presi- 
dent, Mrs. W. D. Ellis; Second Vice-President, Mrs. E. F. 
Hoge; Third Vice-President, Mrs. Harr}' Jackson; Fourth 
Vice-President, Mrs. Willis P. Chisholm; Treasurer, Mrs. J. C. 
Olmsted ; Secretay, Mrs. George T. Fry. 

The Incumbency of Mrs. Fannie C. Milledge^ as President. 

Mrs. Fannie C. Milledge, wife of Captain John Milledge, who 
was a gallant artillery officer from Georgia during the war, was 
elected president of the Association. 

Mrs. ^Milledge, before her marriage, was Miss Robinson from 
Richmonrl, Virginia, and her family had been devoted to the 
Confederate cause. Her marriage to Captain Milledge occurred 
in the closing days of the struggle in Virginia, and was the cul- 
mination of one of the many episodes connected with the pres- 

— 96 — 




PRESIDENTS OF MEMORIAL ASSOCIATIONS. 

2. Mrs. L. A. Lawson, 

Waynesboro, Georgia. 

4. Mrs. D. H. Williams, 

Gainesville, Alabama, 

6. Mrs. J. B. Mack, 



I. Mrs. W. F. Spurlin, 
Camden, Alabama. 

3. Mrs. Beverly D. Evans, 
Sandersville, Georgia 

5. Mrs. M. M. Madden, 



Brunswick, Georgia. 



Fort Mill, South Carolina. 



ence of ^gallant and courtly gentlemen from other parts of the 
South n the homes and at the firesides of Virginia culture and 
refinenent. 

Mr.'. Milledge brought to the performance of her official duty 
a rai-, combination of skill, devotion and energy; and the 
affairs' of the Association, if such a term can be used, pros- 
pere' under her fostering care and management. She was 
President of the Association for thirteen years, and died on 
the afternoon preceding Memorial Day, 1895. Her death 
ocfurred after the preparation for the parade had been made; 
ami, speaking in military parlance, her life went out almost on 
tht] skirmish line. The Memorial Association had been greatly 
di^voted to her, and in the camps of Confederate veterans her 
nime was as well known, and her wishes as much respected, 
{3 though she had held official station in these organizations. 
'Ouring most of the time of the presidency of Mrs. Milledge, 
IVjTs. W. D. Ellis was First Vice-President; Mrs. S. A. Melone, 
r>econd Vice-President; Mrs. W. A. Wright, Third Vice-Presi- 
■lent; Mrs. C. W. Henderson, Fourth Vice-President; Mrs. 
Joseph H. Morgan, Fifth Vice-President; Mrs. J. C. Olmsted, 
Treasurer and Mrs. S. W. Goode, Secretary. 
I In 1885, General Henderson was marshal; Dr. J. B. Haw- 
j ihorne, chaplain, and Colonel George T. Fry, orator. 

In 1886, Captain K. L. Barry was marshal; Rev. J. W. Lee, 
ehaplain, and Hon. W. D. Ellis, orator. 

In 1887, the Confederate veterans (now organized into a 
body), at the request of the ladies agreed to take charge of the 
'*ousiness part of celebrating Memorial Day, the ladies contin- 
iiing to pay their own expenses. 

This year there were more than one hundred Confederate 
v^eterans in line, under command of Colonel George T. Fry, who 
wore his Confederate uniform. 

Boxes were placed at the gates to receive contributions to 
a monument to be erected in Mobile, Alabama, to Father Ryan, 
" The Poet Priest of the South." 

Dr. H. C. Morrison was chaplain and Captain William A. 
Wright introduced Hon. Albert Cox, who delivered the address. 

During the Spring of 1888, the Confederate Cemetery was 
very much improved. A new hedge, roses and spring shrubs, 
were planted, with magnolias and other ornamental trees. 

— 97 — 



ITT 



y 



Memorial Day, 1888, the venerable Dr. Jolm Jones, of Atlanta^ 
was chaplain, and Colom'l T. G. Jones, since Govcrnoi- of Ala- 
bama, made the address. 

Decenier of tliis year tlie ladies joined with the vet(i "ans in 
holding a fair, one-half of the net proceeds of which wei e to go 
to the head-stone fund of the Memorial Association. 

Dr. Amos Fox turned over to the ladies $1,793.00 as thei r half 
of the net proceeds. * 

Memorial Day, 1889, Colonel W. L. Calhoun intioduccd (Gen- 
eral P. M. B. Young, orator of the day, wliosc address wa> one 
of the most eloquent ever delivered on a similar occasion, and 
his tribute to Southern women was all the more appreci.'^ed, 
coming from a confirmed old l)achelor. Dr. J. Will' im 
Jones, of Virginia, was chaplain. The boxes at the g-*.':cs 
were found to contain $57.00, which was turned over ' /a 
the secretary to be sent with like contributions of this day from 
other cities of Georgia, to mark the graves of her heroes \/ho 
are sleeping in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Virginia. , 

In December, 1889, the Association joined with the vetera'is 
in paying the last tribute of love and respect to their honoro<i 
Chieftain, Jefferson Davis. 

Alx)ut this time the Association donated $100.00 to Dr. Amo 
Fox to aid him in removing the bodies of eleven veterans from 
pauper ground to Confederate Veteran Square in Westview 
Cemetery, and putting up stones to mark their graves. The 
ladies had l)y tins time $2,000.00 in bank, and at a meeting in 
December, 1889, decided to begin putting up head-stones before 
the decaying head-boards had entirely rotted away. 

In the spring of 1890, the names of eight hundred and fortv- 
five soldiers, with the letter of company and number of re;fi- 
ment, were sent to the American Marble Company. These 
names were copied from Confederate records and arranged 
alphabetically, by Sally Hansom Melone, then a child of only 
twelve years. The stones were finished and set up in the ceme- 
tery to the proper. graves before Memorial Day. 

^fomorial Day, 1890, was the most important one yet cele- 
brated. It was the twenty-fifth anniversary of the surrender of 
General Joseph E. Johnston. As that grand old hero was then 
alive, the ladies, after consulting with the veterans, decided to 
invite him, together with ever}' living Confederate General, to 

— 98 — 

f 



unite with them in celebrating the clay. Most of them accepted 
the invitation. Hon. J. C. Black, of Augusta, Georgia, was 
■orator of the day, and Rev. Robert Barrett, D. D., rector of St. 
Luke's Cathedral, was chaplain. The exercises were held in 
DeGive's Opera House, that all the older citizens might be 
present. Confederate veterans from all parts of the South were 
in attendance. 

The Kimball House was headquarters for the Generals. The 
Association met in front of it, and joined them in driving to the 
opera house, which was but a short distance. A numl>er of bat- 
tle-scarred veterans, who had followed General Johnston through 
the entire war, surrounded his carriage, unhitched the horses, 
and themselves drew his carriage to the opera house. As- 
sembled there on the stage with him, for the last time on 
earth, were Beauregard, Longstreet, Kirby Smith, Wade Hamp- 
ton, Lafayette, McLaws, Simon Buckner, Gordon, Colquitt, Law- 
ton, Bate, Early, Moorman, Vaughan, Stephen D. Lee, P. M. B. 
Young, and others. The address was a very appropriate one, and 

" Many eyes were suffused with tears, 
As he told the story. 

How the South fought for her rights. 
And lost all but her glory." 

At the conclusion of the exercises, the procession was formed 
on Marietta street, and marched to the cemetery. Colonel W. L, 
Calhoun was marshal, assisted by Colonel L. P. Thomas and 
Hugh Colquitt and Captain W. D. Ellis. The Knights Templar 
escorted the ladies, and the generals were in carriages imme- 
diately l)ebind them. One carriage was occupied by the ven- 
erable sister of General J. E. B. Stuart, Mrs. J. M. John- 
son, ex-President, with Beauregard and Kirby Smith. Hun- 
dreds of veterans were in line. Many visitors and citizens also 
joined in the procession. Arriving at the cemetery the Asso- 
ciation and Generals had seats on the monument. Impromptu 
speeches were made by several of the Generals, as they were 
called upon. Then a prayer by the chaplain, and the igraves 
were covered with flowers. 

May 9th, 1890, the Association held an important meeting 
in the parlor of the Young Men's Library. After paying all 
expenses of Memorial Day, and giving votes of thanks to all who 
had rendered assistance, the ladies proceeded to elect their 
•officers for the ensuing year. Mrs. George T. Fry, who had 

— 99 — 



been Secretary ever since the re-organization, resigned the office 
because of her change of residence from Atlanta to Chattanooga, 
Tenn. Eesohitions of regret were passed and she was made an 
honorary life-member. 

The following officers were then elected : President, Mrs. John 
Milk'dge; First Vice-President, Mrs. W. D. Ellis; Second Vice- 
President, Mrs. W. A. Wright; Third Vice-President, Mrs. E. 
F. Hoge; Fourth Vice-President, ^frs. Joseph H. ^Morgan; 
Treasurer, Mrs. J. C. Olmsted; Secretary, Mrs. Samuel W. 
Goode. 

Memorial Day, 1891, was observed in the usual manner with 
a grand parade, the strewing of flowers upon the Confederate 
graves, an oration by Rev. J, W. Lee, D. D., and prayer and 
religious exercises by Rev. T. P. Cleveland. 

Meiflorial day, 1892, was faithfully observed. Mr. Fulton 
Colville, of Atlanta, delivered the oration; Colonel W. Lowndes 
Calhoun officiated as marshal ; Rev. T. C. Tupper acted as chap- 
lain. 

On the 26th of April, 1893, Memorial day. General Holtzclaw, 
of Alabama, was orator and Rev. G. B. Strickler, D. D. was 
chaplain. 

^fi'iuorial day, 1894. was fitly observed. Hon. H. IL Carlton, 
of Athens, Georgia, delivered the address. Rev. I. S. Hopkins, 
I).D.. was chaplain; Captain John Milledge was marshal. 

In 1895, Memorial day exercises were held, and Lucien 
Knight, Esq., one of the editors of the Constitution, delivered 
the address. The Rev. A. W. Knight, rector of St. Philip's 
Episcopal Church, was chaplain. 

The Incumbency of Mrs. W. D. Ellis as President. 

Mrs. W. D. Ellis, whose maiden name was Phoebe C. Prio- 
leau, formerly of Charleston, S. C, and whose family had been 
devoted to the Confederate cause, was elected President to suc- 
ceed Mrs. Milledge, with the following co-assistants : Mrs. S. A, 
Melone, First Vice-President; I^h-s. W. A. Wright, Second Vice- 
President; Mrs. W. H. Henderson, Third Vice-President; Mrs. 
Joseph H. ^Morgan, Fourth Vice-President; Mrs. J. C. Olrastied, 
Treasurer; Miss "Martha Goode, Secretary. 

^Irs. Ellis has been re-elected year after year, and is still the 
President of the Association. 

— 100 — 



In 1896, Memorial day was observed in the usual impressive 
manner. Hon. Dupont Guerry, of Macon, Georgia, delivered the 
address. Eev. T. P. Cleveland was chaplain and Colonel A. J. 
West, marshal. 

Memorial day, 1897, had for its orator Eev. W. W. Landrum, 
D. D. ; Rev. Theron Rico, D. D., officiated as chaplain. 

On Memorial Day, 1898, Hon. Albert Cox, of Atlanta, delivered 
the address; Colonel A. J. West acted as marshal, and Rev. Mr. 
Holderby officiated as chaplain. 

In 1899, Memorial day was observed with all its customary de- 
votion and enthusiasm. Hon. Pleasant A. Stovall, of Savannah, 
Georgia, delivered the oration. 

Memorial day, 1900, was observed with the usual grand pa- 
rade and great outpouring of the citizens of Atlanta. Hon. W. 
D. Ellis, of Atlanta, delivered the oration. Rev. C. P. Bride- 
well was chaplain and Major J. C. Haskell was marshal. 

Memorial day, 1901, was observed in the usual manner, Hon. 
J. W. Austin being the orator of the day, and Rev. C. B. Wilmer, 
chaplain. Hon. W. A . Wright was marshal of the occasion. 

1902 had for its orator, Hon. John Temple Graves; for its 
marshal. Captain W. A. Hanson, both of Atlanta. 

Annual Parades. 

Almost without exception in the history of the Memorial Asso- 
ciation of Atlanta, the graves of the Confederate dead have been 
decorated with flowers, after stirring, patriotic and eloquent 
orations had been delivered from the base of the monument in 
Oakland Cemetery, and after other interesting exercises had been 
observed. 

This cemetery is about one mile from the center of the city, 
and the almost universal custom has been that the entire busi- 
ness of the City of Atlanta was suspended from 12 o'clock m., 
for the balance of the day; and the processions were formed in 
the city about two o'clock, and moved in regular and military 
order through the principal streets out to the cemetery, where 
the addresses and exercises occurred as stated. These processions 
have been always large and imposing. On many occasions, when 
the head of the procession entered the gate of Oakland Cemetery, 
the rear guard had not more than left the center of the city. 
Not only have these processions been immense, but the occasion 

— 101 — 



has drawn from the homes of Atlanta, to look on and take part in 
a general way, almost the entire population; and i^o Memorial 
day started out to be, and has continued to grow into, a great, 
memorable, annual occasion. 

The Lion of Atlanta. 

During the last year of incumbency of Mrs. John Milledge, 
there was placed in that part of Oakland Cemetery set apart 
to the imkno\NTi Confederate dead, a magnificent lion carved in 
marble, in splendid imitation of the lion of Lucerne. This lion 
has draped near it a Confederate ilag, and on the occasion of the 
unveiling of this monument there was a great parade and a 
splendid tribute paid by all the people to this most appropriate 
ornament. 

Among the floral offovings were a car load of beautifnl flowers 
sent by the citizens of Brunswick, Georgia, in appreciation of 
Atlanta's aid to the yellow fever sufl'erers of that city. It 
will l)e seen by looking over the list of orators through the 
long period of years noted in the foregoing history of the Memo- 
rial Association of Atlanta, that many distinguished men de- 
livered addresses. It can truthfully be said that all the ad- 
dresses -delivered have been striking, eloquent and impressive. 
The time, the occasion, the magnificent outpouring of the people, 
and the solemn devotion manifested to the subject in hand, 
appear to have called out from each succeeding speaker his very 
best effort. 

Almost upon tlie formation of the order of Daughters 
of the Confederacy, that organization began to take active 
interest in the celebration of Memorial day in Atlanta, and 
brought to the aid of the Memorial Association its enthusiastic 
influence, aid and support. 

The Order of R. E. Lee, another patriotic organization, un- 
der the leadership of Mrs. W. L. Peel, its President, has ren- 
dered timely and appreciated aid and influence in tbe suc- 
cessful outcome of a number of Memorial occasions. From 
the beginning of this work down to this date the municipal 
government of Atlanta has not only encouraged these an- 
nual exercises, but its various de])artments have actively 
participated; its schools have joined in the procession; 
it> various departments have taken hold, and two of these 

— ion — 



departments have been conspicuously helpful. Among the 
acts of the City Council was the donation to the Association of 
a plat of ground in the cemetery, subsequently sold and the pro- 
ceeds converted into a fund which produces an annual return of 
over $300.00. 

^ The Fire Department of Atlanta, under its efficient and able 
Chief, W. E. Joyner, ]ias for many years taken a conspicuous 
partmthe observance of Memorial Day. Not only have the officers 
and men of this department been conspicuous with their beauti- 
ful wreaths of flowers and their drum corps, but their friendly 
aid and active co-operation, each recurring season, have con- 
tributed largely to the success of the annual parades. The 
Atlanta Police Department deserves special mention in the his- 
tory of the Atlanta Memorial Association. 

This splendid body of men, under the leadership of Chiefs A. 
B. Connally and J. W. Ball, have preserved order, marched in 
our processions, taken up collections at the gates, and in all 
matters have contributed to the magnitude of our annual parades. 
The Memorial Association has always received the cordial and 
efficient support of the Atlanta newspapers, and much of its 
good work should be credited to this powerful agency. 

The Military Companies, comprising the Fifth Regiment of 
Georgia State Troops, under the command of Colonels John S. 
Chandler and A. P. Woodward, and the Atlanta Artillery, 
Oovernor's Horse Guards, together with several cadet corps, have 
rendered appreciated and valued assistance on Memorial days. 
The officers and men have formed a conspicuous part of each 
procession, and have marched with firm step and steady purpose 
to show that they revere and appreciate the unexcelled martial 
^lory of the dead heroes who sleep in Oakland Cemetery. 

Confederate Veterans. 

The several camps of Confederate Veterans have always taken 
an active part in Memorial exercises. They have taken part in 
the management, have worked unceasingly and their part of 
each parade has been an inspiration. The Sons of Veterans 
and Children of the Confederacy have been faithful and vigilant 
in Confederate work, and on Memorial Days have had their 
places and their duty filled up to the measures of full display 
of that devotion which insures the continuation of Memo- 



— 103 



rial days when their elders shall have passed to the Great Be- 
yond. No proper synopsis could be written of the history of the 
Tjadies' Memorial Association which did not make special mention 
of the connection therewith of a number of ladies and gentlemen 
who have had no official connection with it. Among those not 
already named are ^Nfrs. J. Gadsden King, who for years has 
prepared and placed upon the monument a special wreath ; Mrs. 
E.L. Dunbar, of South Carolina, who has made an annual dona- 
tion of gray moss to drape the grounds; Major W. H. Hulbcrt, 
an official of the Southern Express Company, who has procured 
the kind offices of his Company for free transportation of flowers ; 
Captain W. H. Harrison, whose zeal and devotion to Confederate 
memories have placed him in the front rank of assistants in the 
good work; Dr. J. C. Olmsted, whose graceful pen has contrib- 
uted so much to Confederate literature; Captain F. M. Meyers; 
Colonel L. P. Thomas; Captain E. S. Osborn; Captain R, M. 
Cla}-ton and many other gallant ex-Confederates have been de- 
voted in their efforts to make Memorial day exercises all they 
have been in Atlanta. On the seventh day of May, 1897, Mrs. 
Evans, wife of General C. A. Evans, at a meeting of the Asso- 
ciation, offered a resolution providing for the appointment of a 
committee to correspond with every Memorial Association in 
Geo/gia, with a view of securing concert of action on all ques- 
tions relating to the objects and purposes of these organizations. 
This resolution was adopted, but the subsequent formation of 
"The Confederated Southern Memorial Association" so fully 
met the situation that the Atlanta Association gladly accepted 
membership in that organization, and cannot commend too 
highly the work of the Confederation, and unites with all others 
in promising cordial support to the able and patriotic impulses 
and acts of the officers of an organization which takes into its 
general supervision the care of the graves of our dead and the 
preservation for posterity of a correct account of their heroic 
deeds, and the lofty courage which prompted them. 

On Sunday morning, January 10, 1904, word was received in 
Atlanta that on the evening before General John B. Gordon had 
breathed his last at Bisca3Tae, Florida. At the suggestion of 
Mrs. William A. Wright, a meeting of the Ladies' Memorial 
Association was called for Monday, January the eleventh, in 
order that the association as a body might pay its tribute of 
respect to the dead Confederate Chieftain. 

— 104 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1868 by Ladies' Memorial Association. 

Griffen, Georgia. 



Previous to this meeting a telegram of sympathy had been 
sent to Mrs. Gordon by the President of the Association, Mrs. 
W. D. Ellis. At the meeting on Monday, Mrs. Wright intro- 
duced the following resolutions, which were unanimously passed r 

First. "That the Ladies' j\Iemorial Association of Atlanta 
begs of Mrs. Gordon the privilege of giving to General Gordon 
and herself a last resting place in the Confederate Memorial 
grounds at Oakland Cemetery. 

Second. "That a request to this effect be wired to Mrs. Gor- 
don at once." 

In accordance with these resolutions, the request was imme- 
diately wired to Mrs. Gordon. On Wednesday, January the 
thirteenth, after reaching Atlanta, Mrs. Gordon thanked the 
Association for the offer it had made, and accepted for her hus- 
band a resting place among his beloved comrades of the memor- 
able struggle of 1861-'65. 

On Wednesday, while General Gordon's body lay in state in 
the capitol at Atlanta, members of the Ladies' Memorial Asso- 
ciation were constantly present in the rotunda, receiving flowers, 
and performing all other services in their power. 

At the funeral on Thursday, January the fourteenth, places 
were reserved for the Association at the exercises in the House 
of Eepresentatives, at the services in the church, and in the 
funeral procession. 

Shortly after her return to Florida, Mrs. Gordon wrote the 
following letter to our President: 

"BiscAYNE, Fla., Jan. 2-i, 1904. 

"My Dear Mrs. Ellis — I wish to assure you and the ladies of 
the Memorial Association of my appreciation of the tribute paid 
General Gordon in your desire to have his body rest among 
his old comrades. No more appropriate spot could be found for 
his last resting place than among the martyrs of the Cause he 
loved so well. 

"Please also express to the ladies my heartfelt thanks for the 
beautiful floral offering. Very sincerely and cordially, 

"Fanny H. Gordon."-" 

Mrs. AV. D. Ellis. 

Inez Sledge, Secretary. 

— 105 — 



LADIES' MEMOKIAL ASSOCIATION, 
ATHENS, GEORGIA. 

This Association is the child of the Ladies' Aid Society of 
Confederate times, of which j\Irs. ]\Iyrtis Franklin was the first 
President. Xo one can estimate the number of destitute, suf- 
fering soldiers who were aided and encouraged by these noble 
women, who shipped to them great boxes of clothing, blankets 
and provisions. 

]\Irs. Laura Cobb Rutherford was the second President of the 
Ladies' Aid Society, and when the banner was furled and many 
returned not, she determined that loving, enduring testimony 
should be paid the South's sacred dead. Mrs. Rutherford was 
elected President of the Ladies' Memorial Association, and 
held the position until her death, in 1888. Undaunted by the 
depression and destitution of those latter gloomy years of the 
sixties, she began the work of raising funds to erect a monu- 
ment to the Confederate dead of Clarke County. To the dis- 
couragement met with on all sides, she made the one quiet, 
resolute reply: "It must be done." Finally, after years of 
struggle and remarkable industry and patience, the noble mon- 
ument, telling its eloquent story, pointed its snowy, enduring 
column* to the sky. 

On the shaft bearing the following inscription are the names 
of the officers and soldiers of Clarke County who fell in the 
Confederate struggle: "Erected by the Ladies' Memorial As- 
sociation of Clarke County, 1872. True to the soil that gave 
them l)irth and reared them men, true to the traditions of their 
Revolutionary ancestors of high renown and hallowed worth; 
alike by instinct and by principle, cherishing the sentiments 
of home and country and the allegiance thereunto due as one 
and inseparable, these heroes — ours in the unity of blood and 
in unity of patriotism, struggled for the Rights of States, as 
held by the Fathers of the Republic, and by the Fathers as a 
sacred trust unto them bequeathed. The measure of their 
years suddenly completed in the fatal issues of battle, reached 
the consummation of earthly glory. By their death, last and lioli- 
est office of human fidelity possible to brave men, attesting their 
sincerity, vindicating their honor and sealing their integrit}% 
they won tlioir title to an immortality of love and reverence." 

The fame of Southern heroism is imperishably inscribed in 

— 106 — 




MRS. C A. ROWLAND, 

President Ladies" Memorial Association, 

Augusta, Georgia. 



Tliese ladies set to work promptly and energetically to carry 
out the purpose of their organization. They received the 
hearty co-operation of everj^ one, and soon had funds .sufficient 
to justify them in undertaking the first part of their great 
work, which was to put in order the graves of the Confederate 
soldiers who were buried in Augusta. These martyrs to the 
Southern Cause were gathered together wherever buried, and 
were interred in orderly arrangement in one of the choicest lots 
of the cemetery. Tlie lot was enclosed with a stone coping, 
planted with turf, and a fountain erected in the center. There 
were three hundred and thirty-seven graves, and at the head of 
each was placed a marble slab, bearing the name, regiment and 
State of the soldier who slept beneath. The Soldiers' Section 
became one of the most beautiful in the cemetery, and there, 
wliile tlie tlowcrs are in bloom, the sod is green with the growth 
of early spring, and the fountain plays its everlasting melody, 
the citizens gather on Memorial Day, and in the presence of 
the dead, lay their tributes of flowers and praise upon the graves 
of their departed heroes. 

^larch, 1873, the Ladies' Memorial Association re-organized, 
with the following officers: President, Mts. M. E. Walton; 
Secretary and Treasurer, Mrs. John T. ]\Iiller; Vice-Presidents, 
Mrs. J. W. Adams. ^Mts. E. M. ^^^litehead, Mrs. Ann Anthony, 
]\Irs. J. J. Cohen, ]\Irs. J. S. Lamar, Mrs. DeSaussure Ford, 
]\Irs. H. W. Hilliard, Mrs. J. T. Derry, Mrs. John M. Clark. 

The association now turned its attention to the monument 
to be erected to the memory of the Confederate dead. Various 
means were used to raise fvmds for the purpose. In 1873 a 
Ijazaar was given and over $4,000.00 were realized from the en- 
thusiastic response of the people of Augusta. Concerts and 
lectures were given. Contributions were received, and money 
came in as fast as could be hoped for, considering the condition 
of the times. It is worthy of note that even the colored people 
contributed to tlie funds by two benefit performances of the 
^'Cotton States Minstrels" of Augusta. This evidence of inter- 
est and kind feeling was much appreciaetd. 

Tbe police of Augusta gave a generous contribution to the 
Confederate ^lonument and render efficient service every JMe- 
morial Day. 

— 108 — 



The treasury was augmented by an excursion to Port Royal, 
S. C, to see the United States ISTaval Fleet. The officers en- 
tertained the ladies very hospitably, and they reciprocated by 
inviting them to attend a Centennial Leap Year party, to be 
given for the l^enefit of the Ladies' Memorial Association. They 
accepted, and made a very generous donation to the cause. 

]\Irs. General Pegram, of Baltimore, Md., presented a beauti- 
ful banner to the Association, which was offered for contest to 
the most popular fire company of the city. Much rivalry was 
elicited by this means and a sum of $1,600.00 was added to the 
growing fund. By all these means in about three years the 
ladies had raised $17,331.34. This sum, added to what had 
been previously accumulated, and to what accrued by interest, 
reached finally the splendid total of $30,934.04, which was ex- 
pended upon the soldiers' section, the design and monument, 
and after all had been paid for in full there was a balance in 
the treasury of $579.68. Having raised the necessary amount, 
it was decided to erect a marble shaft somewhere in the city. 
At one of the fairs a vote was taken to decide the location. The 
majority was in favor of Broad street, between Jackson and 
IMoIntosh streets. In 1875 the Association advertised for de- 
.signs, and among the many submitted, that of Van Gunden & 
Young, of Philadelphia, Pa., was accepted. The design cost 
$500.00. The contract for the erection was awarded to Theo. 
Markwalter, of Augusta. The marble portion of the monu- 
ment was executed in Carrara, Italy. Before it was ready to be 
brought to Augusta, Congress passed an act admitting all 
works of art intended for public ornamentation to pass free of 
duty. The bill for this purpose was introduced in Congress 
by Hon. Alex H. Stephens, and seconded by the efforts of Col. 
Chas. C. Jones, Jr. While the bill was awaiting the signature 
of the President, the ship bearing the monument appeared in 
New York harbor, but in order to gain time it was directed to 
sail to Savannah, at which place it arrived after the bill was 
signed and became a law. In this way the monument entered 
free of duty and the Association was saved an expense of 
$1,713.90 for custom charges. 

The corner stone of the monument was laid in April, 1875. 
Mrs. F. A. Timberlake, President of the Memorial Associa- 



109 — 



tion, and the foUowincr officers laid the first bricks of the. 
foundation: :Mrs. A. G. Whitehead, Mrs. Edward F. Camp- 
field, Mrs DeS. Ford, Mrs. M. B. Moore, and Mrs. John k. 
Clark. It -was indeed a novel sight to a large number of spect- 
ators to see the ladies, witli delicate, ungloved liands, hiving 
brick and handling the trowel, but it was a holy duty they per- 
formed — one most appropriate to the occasion and the sub- 
ject — that of rearing a shaft of marble in memory of the brav6 
men who fought and died for a cause they considered just. 

To the invaluable aid of the press, the Ladies' ^lemorial As- 
sociation owe much of their success. 

October. 1878, monument unveiled. The oflficers at that time 
were: President, Mrs. F. A. Timberlake (formerly :Mrs. M. E. 
Walton); Secretary and Treasurer, *Mrs. John T. Miller; 
Vice-Presidents, *Mrs. J. M. Adams, *Mrs. E. M. WHiitchead, 
♦Afrs. J. J. Cohen, *MrP. M. Campfield, Mrs. J. M. Clark, 
♦Mrs. M. A. DantfortJi, Mrs. W. H. Barrett, Mrs. J. T. May, 
Mrs. M. B. Moore, Mrs. J. J. Thomas, Mrs, Bredenberg, *Mrs.. 
Eastlebury. 

The unveiling occurred in October, 1878. Upon both occa- 
sions there was a grand military and civic display, and ad- 
dresses were delivered by distinguished orators. Upon the lay- 
ing of the corner stone the address was delivered by Gen. 
Clement A. Evans, and upon the unveiling, it was delivered by 
Colonel Charles C. Jones, Jr. The monument stands seventy-six 
feet high. At the corner of the first section, twenty feet from 
the base, are heroic size marble statues of Generals R. E. Lee, 
Stonewall Jackson, Thos. R. R. Cobb and W. H. T. Walker, 
representing the Confederate Cause, the State of Georgia and 
the County of Richmond, in which Augusta is situated. The 
second section contains has reliefs of Confederate emblems, the 
coat of arms of the Confederacy and of the State of Georgia. 
The obelisk proper rises gracefully to its commanding height 
and is surmounted with an heroic size private Confederate sol- 
dier, standing "at rest." The following appropriate inscriptions 
are engraven upon the tablets. On the north side: 

In Memoriam : 
"No nation rose so white and fair, 
None fell, so pure of crime." 

• Deceased. 

— 110 — 



^^ 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT. 

Unveiled 1878. 

Augusta, Georgia, 



On the south side: 

Worthy 

to have lived and known 

Our gratitude ; 

Worthy 

to be hallowed and held 

in tender remembrance ; 

Worthy 

the Fadeless Fame which 

Confederate Soldiers 

won. 

Who gave themselves in life 

and death for us ; 

For the Honor of Georgia, 

For the Rights of the States, 

For the Liberties of the People, 

For the Sentiments of the South, 

For the Principles of the Union, 

As these were handed down to them 

By the Fathers of our Common Country. 

On the east side: 

Our 
Confederate Dead. 
On the west side : 

Erected A. D., 1878, 
By The Ladies' Memorial Association of Aagusta, 
In honor of the 
Men of Richmond County, 
who died 
In the Cause of the Confederate States. 
The monument was unveiled in five and a half years after 
it was undertaken by the Association. It is justly considered 
one of the handsomest in the South, and stands to-day "the 
pride of Au^ista and c}Tiosure of every Confederate eye." The 
Association also contribuled $150.00 to the fimd for the erec- 
tion of a monument to the memory of Jefferson Davis. 

Mrs. John T. ]\Iiller. who had served the Association as Sec- 
retary and Treasurer until 1883, removed to another city. Her 
position was then filled by Miss Anna Thew iintil 1885, when 
she resigned, and Mrs. J. Jefferson Thomas was elected and 
held the office until 1892, when she also changed her place of 
residence, and was succeeded by Mrs. C. A. Kowland. 

Mrs. F. A. Timberlake, after holding the office of President 
of the Association for twenty-seven years, resigned in Septem- 
ber, 1900. She was held in such high esteem and love, and her 
faithful and efficient services were so highly appreciated that 
she was made Honorary President of the Association. Mrs. 

— Ill — 



C. A. Kowland was elected to succeed her as President, and 
Mts. John W. Clark iKKiame First Vice-President, and Miss 
Mary A. Hall, Secretary and Treasurer. Mrs. Rowland, who 
was iliss Kate Whitehead, of Burke County, is from one 
of the oldest Georgia families, and ihirinix her young wo- 
manhood, under the guidance of her mother, Mrs. A. G. 
Whitehead, did loyal work for the Soldiers' Wayside Home at 
Millen, Ga., of which her mother was one of the founders and 
officers. She was married during the stormy j^eriod of the se- 
cession to I\Ir. C. A. Kowland, of Augusta, Ga. While he was 
fighting under Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, in that masterful re- 
treat through Tennessee and Georgia, she was a devoted worker 
in making hospital and soldier supplies at the Wliitehead fam- 
ily home, the well-known Ivanhoe Plantation, in Burke County. 

Mrs. Rowland was in the midst of sharp fighting during 
these last days of the Confederacy and describes vividly many 
of the stirring scenes. Among these, she tells of standing with 
her mother on the front piazza of the old Whitehead home, with 
the rifle balls falling about their feet, while a cavalry fight raged 
in the grove in front of the house. 

A detachment of General Kilpatrick's cavalry had made their 
headqnarters at "Ivanhoe," and General Joe Wheeler, who was 
an intimate friend of the family, learning of their danger, at- 
tacked the enemy and ])ut them tb flight. 

Mrs. Rowland is an active and zealous worker and is looked 
up to as a willing leader in all things pertaining to the cause 
so dear to Southern hearts. 

The membership of the Association numbers between 900 and 
1,000, it having been I'he plan of the Association, in its early 
organization, to make members of the Association all those who 
contributed to the fund for the monument. The children in 
t'he public schools at that time were also made members, giving 
a promise that they would make a wreath each year for the 
soldiers' graves on ]\remorial Day. Though many of these chil- 
dren are now grown and married, they are still true to the prom- 
ise made in their childhood, and each Memorial Day make a 
wreath to be placed on some soldier's grave. Though the 
plan of making the children members is discontinued, the 
Association, desiring to keep alive the interest in the hearts 
of the children, ^nsit the public schools each year just be- 
fore Memorial Day, and request each child to make a wTeath 

— 112 — 



for decorating the soldiers' graves on that sacred day, to which 
request they respond very generally. 

On April 26, 189-i, the officers of the Ladies' Memorial Asso- 
ciation organized the Augusta Chapter of the Daughters of the 
Confederacy, and became members themselves, thereby insur- 
ing to their children the perpetuation of the work tliey have so 
nobly begun. There is now a branch of "The Children of the 
Confederacy" here, which has a good membership. 

The special work of the Association now is to care for the 
graves of our hero dead, and to keep alive the hallowed and 
cherished memories of the Southern Confederacy by the appro- 
priate observance of Memorial Day. In this they have the 
hearty co-operation of the Daughters of the Confederacy, the 
Confederate survivors and the State Military. 

The Association has raised, since its first organization, the 
sum of $20,934.04. The amount has been expended in the 
following manner: Soldiers' section, $2,606.46; design of mon- 
ument, $500.00; foundation and laying the corner stone of 
monument, $14,490.00; granite steps and coping, $1,185.00; 
making the total expenditure to date, $20,351.66, and the total 
cost of the monument, $17,331.34. These expenditures have 
all been promptly met by the Association, and the monument 
is notv paid for and complete. Mt. Marlcwalter, the contractor, 
deserves the greatest credit, and his work exhibits no fault nor 
flaw. Such then is the history of the Ladies' Memorial Asso- 
ciation of Augusta, Ga., an^ the vast crowd that gathered to 
assist at the imposing ceremonies of the unveiling of the monu- 
ment demonstrated the appreciation of the community for its 
loving labors. 

At the Fourth Annual Convention of the Confederated 
Southern Memorial Association, held in N'ew Orleans, May, 
1903, Miss Mary A. Hall, the faithful and efficient Secretary 
and Treasurer of this Association, was elected Historian of the 
Confederation. 



LADIES' MEMOKIAL ASSOCIATION, 
BRUNSWICK, GEOEGIA. 

Mrs. Maria Morris Madden, President of the Memorial As- 
sociation of Brunswick, Georgia, has been one of the most en- 
thusiastic Presidents in all the Southland; her zeaJ has known 

— 113— ,■■■■■' 



no abatement since the war. Fifteen years ago it was her privi- 
lege to organize the ]\Iemorial Association of Brunswick, Geor- 
gia. She has been the most ardent worker, and is to-day its 
principal support. For years she worked and planned, fight- 
ing against heavy odds; to-day she has her reward. The Asso- 
ciation is active and as truly patriotic as any to be found in 
the South. She is sustained by a few old ladies, and with their 
aid has erected a pretty monument' to perpetuate the memory 
of those who nobly fought and died for a Cause never to l>e for- 
gotten. The monument stands in our beautiful Hanover Park. 
The oflicors of the Association are: Mrs. Maria Morris Mad- 
den, President; Mrs. Sarah Price, Vice-President; Mrs. Fran- 
ces Smith, Treasurer; Mrs. Annie Hunter, Secretary. Mrs. 
Maria Morris Madden was bom May 9th, 1841, in Burke 
County, Georgia. Her family is one of the oldest and most 
prominent in Georgia. Her father was Captain William 
Charles Strother Morris, a wealthy planter; she inherits his 
patriotism. Though past the age for service, he raised a com- 
pany of one hundred men and joined Cobb's Legion in August^ 
1861. The uniforms of this company were paid for by her 
uncle. Major John C. Poythress, of Waynesboro, Burke County, 
and in his honor the company was named the "Poythress Vol- 
unteers." They fought bravely through many battles in Vir- 
ginia and Maryland. Major Poythress was a very old and in- 
firm gentleman, aged seventy-five years. Captain Morris re- 
mained at the front, until impaired in health, he was forced 
to retire. Mrs. Madden's mother was Miss Susan Walker, of 
Burke County, Georgia, a most lovely and highly cultivated 
lady. Mrs. Madden married Adjutant General Thomas Spauld- 
ing Mcintosh, of Savannah, Georgia, July 3d, 1861. Major 
Mcintosh was killed at the battle of Sharpsburg on September- 
17th, 1862. In 1868 slie married Dr. James M. Madden, of 
Florida. He was a graduate of the Tulane University at New 
Orleans, La., and was a surgeon in the Confederate army. 
Since her marriage to Dr. ]\Iadden she has lived in Bruns- 
wick, Georgia, known and loved by all. Her sincerity and 
utter freedom from all uiicliaritabloness has endeared her to 
many. She has a beautiful home and many objects in life to 
interest her, but few things are dearer to her heart than the 
care of tne Confederate graves. The money for the monu- 
ment was raised by entertainmonts and the annual dues of the 



— 114 




CONFEDERATE IMONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1902. 

Brunswick, Georgia. 



members of the Memorial Association. The monument was 
unveiled on April 26th, 1903. Colonel Albert Cox was the 
orator on that impressive occasion. The only donation re- 
ceived was from Miss M. Lee, the daughter of our beloved 
Robert E. Lee. The City Council assisted us in laying the 
foundation of the monument. This monument is beautifully 
proportioned. It is twenty feet high, made of white stone 
On top IS a marble statue of a private soldier. The following 
inscriptions are on each side of the monument : ^ 

Confederate States 

of 

America. 

Lord, God of hosts, 

be with us yet. 

Lest we forget, lest we forget. 

Erected April 26th, 1902, 

Brunswick, Georgia. 

A tribute of love ' 

from the Ladies' Memorial Association 

to the heroes of the Confederacy 

of 1861 to 1865. 

"Gather the sacred dust 

of warriors 

tried and true, 

who bore the flag 

of a nation's trust, 

and fell in a 

Cause, though lost, 

still just, and 

died for you and me." 

In honor of the 

Confederate soldiers 

who died to repel 

unconstitutional invasion, 

to protect the rights 

reserved to the people, 

to perpetuate forever 

the sovereignty of 

the States. 



— 115 — 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. 

As the curtain rose on the great tragedy of the war between 
the States the women of Cohimbns, Ga., were prominent in 
the theatre of action, and during the four years struggle no 
women phiyed a more important part. 

In order to still minister to the wants and comforts of those 
dear ones, who for love of home and coantry had nobly gone to 
the front in their defense, some concert of action was necessary 
on the part of the women. In response to a call through the 
Daily Sun, a meeting of the ladies was held at Temperance 
Hall, May 2rst, 1801. At this meeting it was determined to 
organize a society, to be known as the Soldiers' Friend or Aid 
Society. Its objects were to provide food, clothing and hos- 
pital stores for the soldiers. Mrs. Absolom H. Chappell was 
elected President; Mrs. Robert Carter, Vice-President; Mrs. 
John A. Urquhart, Secretary; Mrs. Richard Patten, Treasurer. 

Another meeting to complete the organization was held next 
day at the Baptist Church, May 22d, 1861. Thus was perfected 
the organization of the Soldiers' Aid Society — destined to be- 
come an instrument of much good, and such a powerful and 
efficient organ that it is mentioned in the history of Columbus, 
Ga., by Thos. Gillxrt, in connection Avith the military com- 
panies formed and the manufactories of 1861. 

The work of the Soldiers' Aid Society was systematic, relia- 
ble and unselfish. Regular meetings were held at their rooms 
at the Perry House. Directresses were appointed weekly to cut 
out and supervise the making of garments for the soldiers. 
The Society was in communication in every available way with 
the boys at the front, and as their demands increased, these 
women rose to meet them. In response to an appeal from the 
Quartermaster General, "that every woman in the State of 
Georgia k-nit a pair of socks for the soldiers," the Aid Society 
gives notice, through the Daihj Times of December 30th, 1862, 
proposing to "pack and forward all socks sent in response to 
til is appeal." The work accomplished through the instru- 
mentality of this Society is almost incredible. In an official 
statement mention is thus made: "Received of the Soldiers' 
Aid Society 3,012 garments, 84 pairs socks, 695 garments^ 100 
pairs socks." Another account reads as follows: 

— 116 — 




MRS. ROBERT CARTER, 

President Ladies' Memorial Association, 

I 866- I 898, 

Columbus, Georgia. 



" Dalton, Feb. 9, 1864. 
"Mrs. Roht. Carter. Pres. Soldiers' Friend Society: 

" Dear Madam — I liave the pleasure to acknowledge the 
second donation received from yovcv beneficent Society — 1,200 
prs. of socks, 400 blankets, etc., etc. 

" J. E. Johnston." 

Other societies formed during the war, as well as private 
contributions, materially aided the Soldiers' Aid Society and 
increased its capacity for usefulness. Mention must be made of 
the " Florence Nightingale Young Ladies' Knitting Society," 
" The Patriotic Club " — while none the less zealous were Madame 
Bailini and her pupils; Profs. Chase and Clark, assisted by 
home talent, Harry McCarthy (the author of the " Bonnie Blue 
Flag"") ; the Empire Band under the leadership of W. A. Pond, 
in giving concerts ; Mrs. A. G-. Eedd, under whose direction 
the Christmas Tree yielded such a fruitage of dollars — as well 
as the tableaux vivant by Mrs. Anna Eina Thomas (afterward 
Mrs. Thos. Chapman). At first the sick and wounded soldiers 
were cared for in the homes of the members of the Soldiers' Aid 
Society, but as the number increased the need of a hospital was 
seen and felt. The explosion of a gunboat that was sent down 
the Chattahoochee River to protect the water ways rendered the 
hospital a necessity. On May 14th, 1862, the wooden building 
located at the corner of Broad and Thomas (now 9th Street), 
was loaned to the Soldiers Aid Society and bread-stuff donated 
by Mr. George W. Woodruff, bedding and furniture was pro- 
cured, and the building thus equipped served as a hospital during 
the remainder of the war. The place of meeting of the Soldiers' 
Aid Society was then changed from the Perry House to the cor- 
ner of Broad and Crawford (now 10th Street) in order to be 
near the hospital. The members became nurses — delicacies were 
prepared for the soldier patients; a new experience each day is 
theirs. With lips compressed they force back their tears, while 
the}^ write letters to distant and sorowing mothers, or soothe the 
fevered pillow; perhaps it is theirs to send a lock of hair to far 
away sweethearts; and, oftentimes prepare them for burial. 
With all this unusual experience they are giving direction for 
the practical affairs of the home in the absence of father and 
husband — ^bearing alike the burden of woman's devotion and 
of man's care. As the resources of the South grow less, we 
find an increase of donations made through the Soldiers' Aid 

— 117 — 



Societ)'. Is this strange ? It means that the plantation supplies 
are furnishing hospital stores, the wines from the cellars, the 
provisions from the pantries, and in many eases the actual neces- 
sities of life are sent from the homes of the Soldiers' Aid Society 
to strengthen and maintain those in the " deadly fight." Thus 
was woman performing her part in the service of her country in 
the time of war. The establishment of the Wayside Home near 
the Union Depot was an enterprise in a new direction, and gave 
the Soldiers' Aid Society tlie opportunity of furnishing food to 
the troops, in passing through, and also served as a hospital. 
It was not enough for these faithful women to send garments 
made by their hands and socks Icnit under their direction. It 
was not enough to cut up their carpets and make them into 
blankets to send to the soldier boys, or to deplete their houses of 
cherished brasses to mold into cannons. It was not enough to 
sit by the soldier's bedside through weary hours of anxious 
watching — not enough, not near enough. It was for them to 
keep burning the beacon light of hope in the fire damp of adverse 
odds, when " even God's Pro^^idence seemed estranged." Witness 
two circular letters. One written in 1861 and the other in 1864, 
urging and influencing the dowTihearted soldiers to re-enlist. 
To these letters signature after signature is afl&xed. The paper 
adds this legend, " for want of space many names are omitted." 
The first of these letters which follows was re-pu'l)lished in the 
Atlanta Journal, during the Confederate Ee-union in 1898, 
through the instrumentality of Jno. 0. Casler, of Oklahoma : 

" Soldiers — The President, Congress, the public press and 
your generals have told you their high estimate of your noble 
devotion in re-enlisting for the war. We also, as your mothers, 
wives, daughters, sisters and friends, claim the right to thank 
you. It is the grandest act of the revolution, and secures immor- 
tality to all concerned in it. It awakens anew the enthusiasm 
with which we began this struggle for liberty, and removes all 
doubt of eventual success. Such men in such a cause can not 
be overcome. In the dreariness of camp life you may have 
sometimes imagined yourselves forgotten or little cared for. 
Counting up your privations and danger you may have doubted 
their full appreciation and fancied that those wlio stay at home 
and risk nothing, while you suffer and bleed, are more esteemed 
than yourselves. 

We beseech you, harbor no sncli thought. You are constantly 

— 118 — 



■present to our minds. The women of the South bestow all their 
respect and affection on the heroes who defend them against a 
barbarous and cruel foe. In the resolution to aid you, they are 
as firm and determined as you in yours, not to lay down your 
.arms until independence is won. When the sacred vow shall 
have been accomplished your reception by us, will more than 
attest our sincerety. It shall also be shown while the contest 
goes on, by our efforts to increase your comfort in the field and 
to lighten the burden of the dear ones left at home. For your 
stricken countr/s sake and for ours be true to yourselves and to 
our glorious cause. Never turn your backs on the flag, nor 
desert the ranks of honor, or the post of danger. Men guilty 
of such infamy, sell your blood and our honor and give up the 
Confederacy to its wicked invaders. In after years from genera- 
tion to generation the black title of tory and deserter will cling 
to them, disgracing their children's children. But no stigma 
like this will stain you and yours. Brave, patriotic, self-sacri- 
'ficing in time of war, you will be honored in peace, as the saviors 
of your country and the pride and glory of your country women. 
We beg you to keep near your hearts these memorials of affection 
and respect, and to remember them especially in battle, and we 
invoke for you always the protection of a kind and merciful 
Providence. 

Mrs. S. C. Law, Mrs. Julia Brice, Mrs. Eosa Aubrey, Mrs. E. 
Hardaway, Mrs. Patten, Mrs. Buckley, Mrs. A. C. Flewellen, 
Mrs. A. B. Longstreet, Mrs. John Banks, Mrs. J. E. Hurt, Mrs. 
Goetchius, Mrs. T. M. Nelson, Mrs. Dexter, Mrs. H. L. Ben- 
ning, Mrs. S. C. Tarpley, Mrs. J. Dawson, Miss L. Eutherford, 
Miss S. Threewitts, Miss Anna Bennett, Miss Lou Hurt, Miss 
M. T. Shorter, Miss Eorrance, Miss Anna Leonard, Misses 
Shepherd, Mrs. C. Shorter, Mrs. James Warren, Mrs. T. Three- 
witts, Mrs. James A. Shorter, Mrs. William Woolfolk, Mrs. E. 
Patten, Mrs. E. Ware, Mrs. J. H. Gordon, Mrs. E. Q. C. Lamar, 
Mrs. E. P. Malone, Mrs. Eobert Carter, Mrs. D. Hudson, 
Mrs. M- D. Flournoy, Mrs. J. B. Hill, Mrs. A. A. Aber- 
crombae, Mrs. D. Ticknor, Miss C. Eagland, Miss E. 
Moffett, Miss M. E. Dawson, Miss B. Hardwick, Miss 
Anna Tyler, Misses Malone, Misses Hardaway, Mrs. L. E. 
Carnes, Mrs. B. Gordon, Mrs. M. A. Flournoy, Mrs. Vir- 
ginia Sneed, Mrs. Fersruson, Mrs. E. Shepherd, Mrs. Eodgers, 
Mrs. M. Meigs, Mrs. D. Moffett, Mrs. Aug. Ekskine, Mrs. L. 
Illges, Mrs. A. Shepherd, Mrs. C. Walker, Mrs. Wm. Chambers, 
"Mrs. Anne Dawson, Mrs. M. E. Shorter, Mrs. E. Munnerlyn, 
Mrs. J. A. Strother, Miss Eodgers, Miss Tarpley, Miss Lila 



Howard, Miss Buckley, Misses Ellington, Misses Benning, Mrs. 
E. E. Hodges, Mrs. Seaborn Jones, Mrs. P. H. Colquitt, Mrs. 
Shoaf, Mrs. L. ^r. Gale, Mrs. G<}orge AVoodrufl:', ]\Irs. C. J. Wil- 
liams, Mrs. C. T. Abercrombie, Mrs. A. G. Eedd, Mrs. John 
Carter, Mrs. Kobert Carter, Mrs. S. E. Wilkins, Mrs. L. G. 
Bowers, Mrs. H. Burnham, Mrs. A. Lowther, Miss C. F, Har- 
groves, ;Miss Sue Banks, Miss Anna Fors}'th, Miss Mary Hodges, 
Miss M. M. Gordon, Miss V. Mason, ]\Iisses Abercrombie. 

The second letter was to the Army of Tennessee, in Decem- 
ber, 18G4, and was republished in the Enquirer Sun, Feb. 2, 
1902. 

The following is the address: 
"Soldiers of the Army of Tennessee: 

"The ladies of Columbus, fully aware of the severe reverses 
which have befallen you in Tennessee, but appreciating the 
matchless valor so often displa3^ed by you, ever mindful of the 
noble patriotism which has enabled you to undergo hardships 
and privations of no ordinary character — cherishing the he- 
roic and chivalric bearing exliibited by you on every field, from 
Shiloh to Franklin, bid you God speed in the task you have as- 
sumed. The country may become demoralized, but the women 
and army will ever be undismayed and undaunted. Human 
courage approaches perfection only when it can calmly look into 
the face of danger. It has been your fortune to exiiibit this 
high type of manliness in a marked degree. Confronted by a 
foe always numerically superior, you have disputed every inch 
of the territory with him and retired only when bravery availed 
nothing. Thank God, the spirit that animated the martjTed 
dead who have fallen in this contest for freedom still lives within 
you. We have no fears for the future. Our honor and welfare 
are in the keeping of brave hearts and strong arms. Debarred 
from sharing with you the dangers of the battlefield, our prayer 
shall follow you, and history, in recording your virtues, will 
write in letters of living light. 

They Exdured And Conquered. 

There are attached to this address the names of a large num- 
ber of the best known women of Columbus. Many of them are 
now dead. In the list printed below a star indicates that the 
signer is now dead. There is a note at the bottom of the list 
which says that "for want of space man}' names are omitted." 
The list is as follows : 

— 120 — 




f 



MRS. LOUIS F. GARRARD, 

President Ladies' Memorial Association, 

Columbus, Georgia. 



*Mrs. Seaborn Jones, *Mrs. Henry L. Benning. *Mrs. S. K. 
Hodcres. Sr.. *Mrs. Eichard Patten, *Mrs. A. F. Marshall, *Mrs. 
J. W. McAllister, *Mrs. Charles Williams, *Mrs. Elizabeth G. 
Howard. *Mrs. Thacker Howard. Sr., *Mrs. A. S. Eutherford^ 
*Mrs. H. T. Hall, Mrs. E. J. Hunter, Mrs. J. Collier, *Mrs. J. 
Fogle, *Mrs. Wylie E. Jones, *Mrs. A. E. Shepherd, *Mrs. 
Charles Eodgers, *Mrs. Davenport P. Ellis, *Mrs. Calvin John- 
son, *Mrs. A. deLaimay, Mrs. James Eanldn, ]Mrs. Eobert Lock- 
hart, *Mrs. Goettinger, *;Mrs. Eichard LocLhart. Sr., *Mrs. 
Anna. Thomas, *Mrs. E. B. Gunby, Mrs. Henry Mitchell, *Mr3. 
W. H. Yoimsf. Mrs. William Eawson, *Mrs. Josephns Echols, 
Mrs. Charles Harrison. *Mrs.( Dr.) Woodruff. Mrs. Charles Dex- 
ter. Mrs. Kittrell Hodo-es. *Mrs. William Gray. *Mrs. Charles 
EUis, Mrs. K. J. B. Backnam, Mrs. Frank Dillard, *Mrs. Thos. 
Speer, Mrs. Charles Eedd, Mrs. Wm. Eedd, *Mrs. A. G. Eedd, 
*Mrs. (Dr.) Boswell. Mrs. A. H. Chappell. *Mrs. Grigsbv E. 
Thomas, Mrs. Angnstns Shingienr. *Mrs. H. Moffett, Mrs. E. 
L. Winn, *Mrs. L. Beach, *Mrs. James Shorter, *Mrs. Henry 
Meisrs, Mrs. Aubrv, Mrs. Jnlia Brice, *Mrs. James K. Eedd^ 
Mrs^L. W. IsbeU. *Mrs. E. J. Moses. Mrs. (Eev.) C. K. Marshal, 
*Mrs. (Eev.) W. P. Harrison. *Mrs. (Eev.) J. H. Devotie. Mrs. E. 
M. Hisfffins. Mrs. Hawkes, Mrs. Hardin, Mrs. Martin J. Craw- 
ford. Mi^s. Bennett. Mrs. M. P. Turner. Mrs. Shaff. *:\[rs. Brad 
Chapman. Mrs. S. S. Scott, *Mrs. J. Ehodes Browne, *Mrs. John 
D. Carter. Mrs. J. E. Mott. Mrs. John Bass, *:\Irs. A. E. :Mc- 
Kendrie, *Mrs. W. W. Eobinson. Mrs. A. DeMoss. Mrs. C. G. 
Holmes, *Mrs. Alex McDonsrald. *Mrs. (Dr.) Billing, *Mrs. E. 

B. Murdoch, *Mrs. E. S. Greenwood, *:\[rs. E. E. Goetchins, 
*Mrs. M. P. Ellis, *Mrs. M. H. Dessau, *Mrs. Thomas Chillers, 
*Mrs. Sterlins: Grimes, *Mrs. David Adams, Mrs. J. W. King, 
Mrs. John Kyle, *Mrs. J. F. Eidgeway, Mrs. Wm. Clark. ]\rrs. 

C. J. Tisdale. *Mrs. Eobert Carter, *Mrs. John Floumoy, *Mr3. 
Yan Lennard, Sr., *Mrs. John A. Jones, *Mrs. John Ferguson, 
Mrs. Tarplev, Mrs. Bncklev, Mrs. Wm. Woolfolk, Mrs. Joe 
Woolfolk, Mrs.(Dr.)TicknorrMrs. Torrev, Mrs. Geo. Woodrnff, 
*Mrs. James Chambers. Mrs. C. M. Walker, Mrs. J. F. Winter, 
Mrs. E. Abercrombie, Mrs. Sallie Wilkins, *Mrs. John Colbert, 
♦Mrs. Edward Shepherd, Mrs. John Banks. *Mrs. E. L. Bard- 
well. *Mrs. John Dawson. *Mrs. T. B. Threewitts, *Mrs. Chas. 
F. Hopkins, Mrs. A. C. Flewellen, *:Nrrs. Earlv Hurt, *Mrs. 
Pev-ton Colquitt. Mrs. J. W. Warren. *:\[rs. L. G. Bowers. *Mrs. 
Wm. Bedell. *Mrs. J. A. Tvler. *Mrs. Frank :\Ialone. *Miss Liz- 
zie Eutherford, *Miss Lila Howard. *Miss :M. Marshal. *Miss 
Hettie McAllister, Miss Mary Hodges, :\risses Patten, Misses 
Williams, ^Misses Benning, Misses DeLaunay, Misses Euther- 
ford, Miss Mattie Fogle, Misses Speer, Misses Ellington, Miss 
Anna Forsyth, Miss Callie Hargroves, ^liss Lou Spencer, Miss 

* Deceased. 

— 121 — 



Susie Briggs, Miss Mollie ^lurdock, Miss Rebecca Chappell, Miss 
Gertrude Dillard, Miss Kate Humphries, *]\riss Julia Evans, 
Miss I'annie King, Miss ^famie Bethune, ^liss Susie Robert- 
son, ]\Iiss Cleghom, ]\[issos Marshal, Misses Hardaway. Misses 
Robinson, Misses Boswell, Miss McDougald, Misses Shivers, 
*]\Iisses Kimbrough, Miss Anna Lennard, ]\Iiss Mary Chambers, 
Misses Banks, Misses Tyler, Miss Shepherd, Miss Eliza Moses, 
Miss Nina Moses, *Miss Anna Bennett, *Miss Mollie Thomas, 
^Misses Ragland, i\Iisses Hardwick, Mi^s E. Colbert, Miss An- 
nie Grimes, ^liss Munn, ]\[iss Theresa Shorter, Miss Hennie 
Meigs, Miss Johnnie Grant, Miss Annie Torrey, ]\riss Alice 
Gray, !Miss Warnie Chapman, *Miss Sallie Davis, Miss Julia 
Carter, Miss Georgia Warren, Misses Garrard, Miss Mitchell, 
Misses Abercrombie. 

In 1899, :\Iajor A. C. Crawford, Adjutant of Jeff. Davis Camp, 
United Confederate Veterans, of Birmingham, Ala., en route 
for the Charleston Reunion, entered the coach chartered by 
Camp Benning, of Columbus, Ga. He inquired if any of the 
Tyler family were aboard. Mrs. E. Gray {nee Alice Tyler) re- 
sponded. She presented the Major to Miss A. 0. Benning, Presi- 
dent Lizzie Rutherford Chapter, United Daughters of the Con- 
federacy. Major Oxford told of his first acquaintance with the 
Tylers, — how, when Wheeler's Cavalry was encamped on the 
hills* of the east commons, on the skirts of Columbus, he was 
returning one day to headquarters, when a little boy ran after 
him saying: "Mr. Soldier, my mamma says won't you come to 
— to — dinner?" "Mr. Soldier" accepted that and many suc- 
cessive invitations. Major Oxford continued — "God bless the 
noble women of Columbus, — that letter of theirs in 186-i caused 
thousands of heart-sick soldiers to re-enlist. I myself held the 
lightwood knot, while General Beauregard read it to them that 
night in Columbus. I have kept it from that time, all spotted 
with pitch that dropped on it as the General read." Then :i 
promise was made to send it to the two ladies, that they, too, 
might read the original. The promise was kept, and after its 
careful reading it was returned to the owner, IVIajor Oxford, with 
the request that he bequeath it to Lizzie Rutherford Chapter, 
United Daughters of the Confederacy. Almost immediately 
back came the treasured letter, beautifully framed, to be pre- 
sented, through Mrs. M. E. Gray, to the Chapter, in behalf of 
Major Oxford. To-day it adorns the walls of the Bivouac of 
Camp Benning 511, — where the Veterans, Memorial Asociation, 

* Deceased. 

— i22 — 



Lizzie Eutherford Chapter, United Daughters of the Confed- 
eracy, Paul J. Semmes Chapter Children of the Confederacy, 
hold vigil to Dixie. After the Crucifixion of the Confederacy, 
in April, 1865, the Soldiers' Aid Society had no soldiers to aid. 
All that is left to them of this savior of National Eights is the 
sepulchre. Verily these Marys guard their dead. No money is 
theirs to buy a marble slab, or even a wooden marker, but here 
she transplants the choicest flowers of her garden and conse- 
crates them with her tears. From the ruins of a government 
building burnt by the Federal General, Henry G. Wilson (after 
the surrender of General Lee), the young girls, in their soft, 
white arms, bring the smoky, grim, broken bricks reverently, and 
tenderly they outline with them, the narrow bed where the sol- 
diers sleep their last sleep. The Ladies' Memorial Association, 
like the Phoenix, rose from the ashes of the Soldiers' Aid So- 
ciety, which was consumed in the fires that burnt the Confed- 
eracy. The parent organization was born under the shadow of 
the altar of the Baptist Church, May 21st, 1861. The IMemo- 
rial Association was organized at the home of Mrs. John Tyler, 
early in 1866. The faithful, untiring, efficient, unselfish work 
of the Soldiers' Aid Society would form a chapter of its own. 
After the cessation of hostilities the thought that stirred their 
hearts was that of beautifying the last resting place of those who. 
had died in hospital or home. They had already assumed the 
care, and regular times of meeting were appointed to work in 
the lots, in Linwood Cemetery, that has been set apart by the 
city as the Soldiers' Eeserve. On one occasion, in 1866, the 
ladies had been there at work with city carts under their direc- 
tion. As two of them strolled leisurely homeward, late in the 
afternoon. Miss Lizzie Eutlierford said to her friend, Mrs. Jane 
E. Martin, that "she thought it would be well to set apart one 
day to be annually observed as a Memorial to the Confederate 
Soldiers, and to place flowers on their graves." ]\Irs. Martin re- 
plied, "she thought the idea a beautiful one," and, on meeting 
Mrs. Jones, the widow of Colonel John A. Jones, of Columbus, 
Ga., the three conversed together, and Lizzie Eutherford told 
of her idea of a "Memorial Day." She stated in substaance, that 
as Secretary of the Soldiers' Aid Society, she would have to call 
a meeting of the Society to decide what disposition to make of 
the hospital property, and at that meeting the subject could be 
freely discussed. This meeting was subsequently held at the> 



123 — 



home of :Mrs. Jolm Tyler. The suggestion of a Memorial 
Day met with favor among the members, and it was adopted 
so quickly that it seemed a simultaneous throb from every heart. 
The Soldiers' Aid Society resolved itself into the Ladies' 
Memorial Association of Columbus, Ga. At this meeting Mrs. 
Eobert Carter, the President of the Soldiers' Aid Society, was 
made President of the Memorial Association, and continued in 
that office, until her death, January 17th, 1898. Mrs. Robert 
A. Ware was elected First Vice-President, and continued in thaii 
office from 1866 until the date of her death, January 30th, 1896. 
Mrs. J. A. McAllister was at this meeting made Second Vice- 
President, and continued in this office until the date of her 
death, 1895. Mrs. Qharles Williams was made Secretary. Mrs. 
Richard Patten, the Treasurer of the Soldiers' Aid Society, was 
elected Treasurer of the Memorial Association, which office she 
held until her resignation, in 1873 — ^when she was succeeded by 
Mrs. Dexter, the present Secretary. There were present at this 
meeting Mrs. John Tyler, Miss Anna Tyler, Miss iMary Tyler, 
!Mts. Robert Carter, j\Irs. Robert A. Ware, Mrs. McAllister, ^Irs. 
W. G. Woolfolk, ]\rrs. Charles Dexter, Mrs. Richard Patten, and 
Mrs, Charles Williams. (IVIrs. Woolfolk and Mrs. Dexter are 
sole sur\'ivors of this meeting.) The Secretary, ]\Irs. Williams, 
was requested by the ]\Iemorial Association to ask the aid of the 
press and to make an appeal to all the Soldiers' Aid Societies 
throughout the South to become Memorial Associations, 
and thus give their co-operation in making Memorial 
Day, April 26th, a general custom, the Sabbath of the South. 
The eloquent pen of the Secretary inspired the press and 
touched the hearts of the people. Like the soft hope that spread 
over the earth on the morning of the resurrection, so the soft 
light of this sentiment shone over Dixie, and when April came, 
love wreathed her roses where the soldiers sleep. 

Letter of Mrs. Charles Williams, Secretary Memorial 
Association- ix 1866. 

-"Columbus, Ga., March 12, 1S66.— Messrs. Editors: The 
ladies are now and have been for several days engaged in the 
sad, but pleasant duty of ornamenting and improving that por- 
tion of the City Cemetery sacred to the memory of our gal- 
lant Confederal/^ dead, but we feel it is an unfinished work un- 

— 124 — 




I. Mrs. C. E. Dexter, 2. Mrs. Jane E. Ware Martin^ 

3. Mrs. Robert A. Ware, Sr , 4. Mrs. Richard Patten, 

Columbus, Georgia. 



less a day be set apart annually for its especial attention. We can 
not raise monumental shafts and inscribe thereon their many 
deeds of heroism, but we can keep alive the memory of the debt 
we owe them by dedicating, at least one day in each year, to 
embellishing their humble graves with flowers. Therefore, we 
beg the assistance of the press and the ladies throughout the 
South to aid us in the efforts to set apart a certain day to be 
observed, from the Potomac to the Eio Grande, and be handed 
down through time as a religious custom of the South, to 
wreathe the graves of our martyred dead with, flowers ; and we 
propose the 26th day of April as the day. Let every city, town 
and village join in the pleasant duty. Let all alike be remem- 
bered, from the heroes of Manassas to those who expired amid 
the death throes of our hallowed cause. We'll crown alike the 
honored resting places of the immortal Jackson in Virginia, 
Johnston at Shiloh, Cleburne in Tennessee, and the host of 
gallant privates who adorned our ranks. AD did their duty, 
and to all we owe our gratitude. Let the soldiers' graves, for 
that day at least, be the Southern Mecca, to whose shrine her 
sorrowing women, like pilgrims, may annually bring their 
grateful hearts and floral offerings. And when we remember 
the thousands who were buried with their martial cloaks around 
them, without Christian ceremony of interment, we would in- 
voke the aid of the most thrilling eloquence throughout the land 
to inaugurate this custom by delivering, on the appointed day 
this year, a eulog}^ on the unburied dead of our glorious South- 
ern army. They died for their country. Whether their country 
had or had not the right to demand the sacrifice, is no longer 
a question of discussion. We leave that for nations to decide in 
future. That it was demanded — that they fought nobly, and 
fell holy sacrifices upon their countr3^s altar, and are entitled 
to their country's gratitude, none will deny. 

" The proud banner under which they rallied in defence of 
the holiest and nOblest cause for which heroes fought, or trust- 
ing women prayed, has been furled forever. The country for 
which they suffered and died has now no name or place among 
the nations of the earth. Legislative enactment may not be 
made to do honor to their memories, but the veriest radical that 
ever traced his genealogy back to the deck of the Mayflower, 
could not refuse us the simple privilege of paying honor to 
those who died defending the life, honor and happiness of the 



— 125 — 



Southern Women/' The first Memorial address ever delivered 
in the United States in honor of the soldiers who fought in 
the war between the States, was delivered in Columbus, Ga.,. 
April 26th, 1866, by Colonel James M. Eamsey. He was a 
prominent lawyer in this city, and was a veteran of the war 
with rank of Colonel. The address was delivered in St. Luke 
M. E. Cliurch (an liistoric building which lias recently been re- 
moved to give place to a modern structure). After prayer, by 
Rev. J. W. Neill, of the Presbyterian Church, Colonel Ramsey 
was introduced by Rev. J. 0. A. Clarke, of St. Paul M. E. 
Church. Professor George W. Chase presided at the melodeon, 
and a choir composed of voices from the different choirs in the 
town rendered appropriate music. 

In the afternoon the pupils of the Rev. Mr. Mcintosh and 
Rev. Mr. Saunders' schools formed in line at St. Luke Churc'i 
and marched to the cemetery; other schools were in the proces- 
sion. Every member bore a wreath to be placed upon some 
soldier's grave. Through the kindness of Messrs. D. E. Wil- 
liams & Co., Howard, Disbrow & Co., vehicles were furnislied 
to the ^Memorial Association, and to the citizens in general, free 
of charge, and everybody carried flowers. A whole city uniting 
in a work of love. In this first memorial observance there was 
nothing to keep alive the paission of war, for to study its les- 
sons is prudence, to profit by its teachings is ■wisdom, and to let 
its animosities actuate is madness. Tlie sacred, solemn duty 
was performed by hearts beating warm with kindly memories 
— memories of their dead. Thus may the 26th be observed as 
long as flowers grow and the memory of brave deeds last. 
The list of orators on subsequent occasions is as follows : 
Dr. C. F. Colzey delivered the address in 1867, at Temper- 
ance Hall ; ^Fajor R. J. Moses, from the Cenotaph, in the cem- 
etery, in 1868; 1869. at the Cenotaph, Judge J! F. Pou; 1870, 
Temperance Hall. Hon. Thomas W. Grimes; 1871, Springer 
Opera House. Charles H. Williams; 1872. Springer Opera 
House. W. A. Little; 1873, Springer Opera House, Captain Jas. 
J. Slade; 1874, Springer Opera House. ex-]\Tayor Sam Cleg- 
horn; 1875, Springer Opera House, Thos. H. Hardeman; 1876, 
Springer Opera House, Hon. Henry H. Hilliard; 1877, Springer 
Opera House, Captain J. A. McCloskey; 1878. Springer Opera 
Housp. William IT. Chambers; 1879, Monument. Governor Al- 
fred H. Colfpiitt; 1880. Springer Opera House. Lionel C. Ivevy; 
1881, SpringfT Opera House. Captain Rcose Crawford; 1882, 
Springer Opera House, Rev. S. P. Calloway; 1883, Springer 

— 12C — 



Opera House, G. E. Thomas, Jr. ; 1884, Springer Opera House, 
Major R. J. Moses; 1885, Springer Opera House, Henry R. 
Goetchius; 1886, Springer Opera House, T. J. Chappell; 1887, 
Springer Opera House, Charleton E. Battle; 1888, Springer 
Opera House, Captain Price Gilbert; 1889, Springer Opera 
House, J. Harris Chappell; 1890, Springer Opera House. Hon. 
Fulton Colville; 1891, Springer Opera House, Captain W. E. 
Wooten; 1892, Springer Opera House, Captain J. D. Little; 
1893, St. Luke M. E. Church, Hunt Chpley; 1894, Springer 
Opera House, Judge John Ross; 1895, Springer Opera House,. 
Lionel C. Levy; 1896, Springer Opera House, Rev. W. A. Car- 
ter; 1897, Springer Opera House, Robert M. Howard; 1898, 
Springer Opera House, Henry R. Goetchius; 1899, Springer 
Opera House, Albert H. Allen; 1900, Springer Opera House, 
Lucien Knight; 1901, L^'-ceum Hall, Captain Peter Preer; 1902, 
Lyceum Hall, Rev. W. E. Ray; 1903, Springer Opera House, 
A. P. Persons. 

Columbus had from her storehouse of Patriotism contributed 
two Generals to her country's service — Henry Lewis Benning 
and Paul J. Semmes. The former had been permitted to re- 
turn to his family and friends, from the scene of the conflict 
and carnage of war. The latter had fallen mortally wounded 
at the battle of Gettysburg, July 3rd, 1863, and died July 9th, 
having been removed to Martinsburg, Virginia. It was greatly 
desired on the part of the Memorial Association, as well as the 
citizens of Columbus, that his remains be removed from Vir- 
ginia, and laid to rest in Linwood Cemetery, by the side of his 
comrades. To accomplish this Dr. W. J. Fogle left for Mar- 
tinsburg, Va., April 2nd, 1868. He had no difficulty in locating 
the grave of General Semmes, as it had been marked by a 
board bearing the name and date of death. The remains reached 
Columbus, Thursday, April 23rd, 1868, and were escorted to 
the Presbyterian Church by a guard of honor, composed of the 
surviving members of the Columbus Guards, where it lay in 
state in the vestibule until Saturday evening, April 25th, 1868. 
The casket was covered by a beautiful pall, tbe gift of Mrs.. 
Laura B. Comer (an honorary member of the Columbus'- 
Guards), and a silken flag, bearing the Coat of Arms of Geor- 
gia, with the picture of General Semmes standing in company 
uniform as sentinel. The whole covered with beautiful flow- 
ers and wreaths. The sentinels to guard the bier were Major 
W. F. demons. Captain J. M. Bivins, . and Captain Thomas 
Chaffin. The funeral obsequies were held Saturday evening., 

— 127 — 



at 3:30 o'clock. One hundred and fifty soldiers were in line 
as military escort. Dr. Robert A. Ware was marshal, and Cap- 
tain Roswell Ellis, Assistant Marshal. The Empire Band 
headed the procession, then came the surviving members of 
the City Light and Columbus Guards, marching in column by 
platoons, following came the hearse and pall-bearers, the ladies 
of the Memorial Association, General Benning and staff. Col. 
]\rartin J. Crawford, R. Thompson, and other Confederate of- 
ficers; Mayor Wilkins and tlie City Council, followed by a 
long line of carriages, making the entire line fully half a 
mile. The l)ody of General Semmes was deposited in the Sol- 
diers' Burial Ground, in tlie southeast corner of the cemetery. 
From the Cenotaph (a beautiful monument, erected by the 
Memorial Association), brief eulogies were delivered by Rev. 
William Hall, of the Presbyterian, and Dr. Devotie, of the 
Baptist Churches. The latter was the last Chaplain of the 
Columbus Guards, which Company General Semmes com- 
manded before he was made Brigadier General of the Army of 
Xorthern Virginia. The last rites were performed, and the 
nol)le dead left to sleep with the brave comrades that lie so 
thickly_ around him, no more to be disturbed until the Resur- 
rection Morn. Sophocles tells of the faithful Antigone, who 
risked her life to give her father and brother an honorable burial. 
She succeeded in sprinkling dust three times over their bodies, 
which was equivalent to sepulchre. Her peril was no more im- 
minent than was that of the Memorial Association, when they, in 
1868, in the face of military rule, escorted the body of a Con- 
federate General through the streets of Columbus, and gave 
him a military burial. On this occasion one of the sentinels 
detailed to guard the bier, fearing the Memorial Association 
■was going too far in their great desire to honor their dead, cau- 
tiously folded the draperies over the picture of General Semmes 
wearing the Confederate uniform. As soon as it was thus dis- 
covered one of the mem]>ers of the Memorial Association threw 
back the draperies, revealing the picture, exclaiming: "Let 
no one dare touch the work of the Memorial Association," A' 
Yankee officer who was heard to relate this affair in Macon, said 
the ladies of Columbus " were worse than hyenas ; that they 
dared to parade the Ijody of a Confederate General through the 
streets of Columbus and give him a military funeral, and we 
dared not molest them." Before the smoke of battle had cleared 



— 128 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Erected i88r. 

Columbus, Georgia. 



away a Georgia woman first of all said: "Let us build monu- 
ments to our Confederate Dead." It is not man's province, 
but woman's, to rear these remembrances. It was her smile that 
encouraged, her voice that cheered, her sympathy that followed 
like angels in the camp, the march, the seige. It was her 
hands that bound up the woundwS, her tears that consecrated the 
graves. Therefore, it should be hers to rear these evidences of 
devotion to country and Principle. 

Monuments to the Confederate Dead. 

The first monument erected in Columbus, by the Memo- 
rial Association, was a wooden structure, the Cenotaph, 
erected in Linwood Cemetery, in 1868. It was a poor expres- 
sion, yet none the less forcible, as it was reared in a city 
which had been reduced to ashes, and was in memory of those 
who fell, from Columbus. On its summit appeared the name 
of General Paul J. Semmes, and on the six sides appeared the 
names of six Colonels from Columbus, who fell on the field of 
battle. The officers' names appeared according to rank, en- 
rolled in scroll shape were the names of the privates. The sub- 
ject of a monument began to be agitated as early as March 
10th, 1865, and a Monumental Club was formed to solicit funds 
to erect a monument. The Cenotaph was not durable, nor did 
it satisfy the Memorial Association. Their fondest hope began 
to materialize when a sum sufficient was raised by their inde- 
fatigable efforts and the foundation of the present marble shaft 
was laid. On April 2nd, 1879, the Memorial Association and 
friends assembled on Lower Broad Street, in the park, where 
the monument was to be located. Mrs. Robert Carter, Presi- 
dent of the Memorial Association, stepped down into the ex- 
cavation, and, with ungloved hands, laid the first brick in the 
foundation "in memory of the Confederate Soldiers." Mrs 
Robert A. Ware. First Vice-President, laid the second brick, 
^'in memory of all members of the Memorial Association." The 
Secretary, Mrs. A. M. Allen, laid the third brick. Mrs. Charles 
Dexter, the Treasurer, laid the fourth. These were followed 
by : Mrs. M. A. Patten, Mrs. W. G. Woolf oik, placed a brick "in 
memory of Mrs. Williams. Mrs. Thomas Chapman, Mrs. Jane 
E. Martin, Mrs. Rosa Ticlmor placed a brick "in memory of Mrs. 
Lucy E. Camer." Mrs. Robert A. Ware placed another brick 

— 129 — 



"in memory of her friend, Mrs. Jno. D. Carter." Mrs. Bettie 
Tillman, "in memory of General Paul J. Semmes." Mrs. Reese 
Crawford, "in memory of her grandmother, !Mrs. Seaborn 
Jones." Miss Mary H. Benning, "in memory of licr mother, 
Mrs. Henry L. Benning." Miss Eosa Tyler, "in memory of her 
mother, ^Mrs. John Tyler, at whose home the Memorial Asso- 
ciation was organized." Mrs. M. R. Jones, "in memory of her 
sister, Lizzie Rutherford." Master Henry Benning Crawford, 
"in memory of his grandfather, General Henry L. Benning." 
Mrs. M. M. Moore, Mrs. L. M. Burrus, Mrs. J. A. Morton, Mrs. 
Jno. Peabody, Mrs. M. Williams, Miss Annie Patten, ^fiss Man- 
Hodges, Miss Annie May Bruce, Miss Mary Downing, Miss Fan- 
nie Peabody, Miss Mamie Fellows, Miss Corrie Tye, Miss Mamie 
Kivlin, Miss Sallie Martin, Master Willie Pope, Master Frank 
Peabody. 

The corner-stone of the monument was laid April 14th, 1879. 
Lionel C. Levj^ principal architect, making the address, and 
Most Worshipful Master James M. Mobley presiding. Much 
interest was manifested on this occasion and many people pres- 
ent. The monument was to have been in place by April 26th, 
1879, but owing to an unaccountable delay on the part of the 
contractors, the shaft was not in position. The Memorial As- 
sociation made preparations for the unveiling of the monument 
and the Governor of the State invited to make the address. 
The Memorial Association were equal to this emergency, and 
on the pedestal that was to have held the shaft of marble, they 
built a beautiful floral monument, and there Governor Colquitt 
delivered the annual address in the presence of fully 5,000 peo- 
ple. The long procession of military and carriages wended its 
way to Linwood Cemetery, where flowers were placed on the 
soldiers' graves. The monument was finislied without the 
granite steps in June, 1879. It was decided the steps would add 
to the appearance, and a committee was appointed to raise the 
necessary amount. In 1881 tlie monument was completed at a 
cost of $5,000.00. The graves of the soldiers buried in Linwood 
Cemetery were marked by the Memorial Association with wooden 
head hoards in 1S(J7. Tliese were replaced by marble headstones 
in 1891, an order being given Messrs. A. M. Elledge & Co, for 
500 head stones, aggregating $1,200.00. The Memorial Asso- 
ciation also marked witli two of these head stones the graves of 
Lizzie Rutherford, the Secretary of the Soldiers' Aid Society, 

— mo — 



and the suggestor of Memorial Day, and that of Mrs. Charles 
Williams, the first Secretary of the Memorial Association, whose 
beautiful letter to the press did so much towards establishing 
the custom. Contributions have been sent by the Memorial 
Association to aid in preserving the graves in other cemeteries. 
$100.00 was sent to Charlottsville, September, 1892, to mark 
the graves of Georgia soldiers buried there. Contribution to 
build the fence around the enclosure at Eesacca; to Mrs. Hobbs 
in Athens to defray expense of moving bodies of soldiers buried 
in that vicinity, to a place assigned them; to place a monument 
over Mrs. Alice Waterman, of Madison, Wis., who had from 
her private means cared for the graves of a large number of 
Confederate soldiers buried near her home; sent $50.00 to 
Eichmond to the Confederate Museum; $10.00 to the cemetery 
at Bull Eun to erect a monument to the soldiers who fell at the 
battle of Manassas. In 1887 the number of officers was increased 
to embrace a Vice-President from each denomination. These 
were as follows: President, Mrs. Eobert Carter; First Vice- 
President, Mrs. Eobt. A. Ware, from the Presbyterian Church; 
Second Vice-President, Mrs. W. G. Woolfolk, from the Episco- 
pal Church; Third Vice-President, Mrs. Eichard Patten, from 
St. Paul Methodist Church; Fourth Vice-President, Mrs. J. A. 
McAllister, from St. Luke M. E. Church; Fifth Vice-Presi- 
dent, Mrs. L. M. Burrus, from the Baptist Church; Secretary, 
Mrs. Jane E. Martin; Treasurer, Mrs. Clara Dexter. 

In 1893 it was decided to elect an Auxiliary Board, consist- 
ing of a President and Four Vice-Presidents. This was as fol- 
lows: President, Mrs. Eobert Carter; First Vice-President, 
Mrs. Eobert A. Ware; Second Vice-President, Mrs. M. A. Pat- 
ten; Third Vice-President, Mrs. W. G. Woolfolk; Fourth Vice- 
President, Mrs. J. A. McAllister; Secretary, Mrs. Jane E. Mar- 
tin; Treasurer, Mrs. Clara Dexter. 

Auxiliary officers: President, Mi-s. L. F. Garrard; First 
Vice-President, Mrs. Eeese Crawford; Second Vice-President, 
Miss A. C. Benning; Third Vice-President, Mrs. 0. S. Jordan; 
Fourth Vice-President, Mrs. A. A. Dozier; Secretary, Mrs. Jane 
E. Martin; Assistant Secretaries, Mrs. Joseph S. Harrison, Mrs. 
J. Norman Pease. 

The following is a list of officers and members of the Me- 
morial Association: 

— 131 — 



Present Officers — President, Mrs. Louis F. Garrard; Vice- 
Presidents — MrSf W. G. Woolfolk, Miss Anna Caroline Ben- 
ning, Mrs. Reese Crawford, Mrs. 0. S. Jordan, ]\[rs. A. Dozier; 
Treasurer, Mrs. Clara M. Dexter ; Secretary, Mrs. J. E. Martin ; 
Assistant Secretaries — Mrs. Joseph S. Harrison, Mrs. J. Norman 
Pease. 

(This is not a complete list. An earnest effort has been made 
to obtain the names of all the members, but this effort has not 
been successful. The list is arranged without reference to age 
or time. Many have married, and it was not possible in some 
instances to ascertain their present names. Some also are dead, 
but it was thought best that all names obtainable should be here 
recorded.) 

Adams, Miss Fannie; Allen, Mrs. A. M. (Sallie Bellinger); 
Backus, Miss Annie J.; Bailey, Miss Belle; Bailey, Miss E. II.; 
Banks, Miss Sue; Bennett, Miss Anna; Benning, Mrs. Henry 
L. (Mary Howard Jones) ; Benning, Miss Anna Caroline; Ben- 
ning, Miss Mary Howard; Blanchard, Mrs. McDufiie (Sarah J. 
"W.) ; Blanchard, Mrs, W. A. (Henrietta Seabrook) ; Bradford, 
Miss Mary; Brannon, Mrs. A. M. (Julia A. Fuller); Brooks, 
Miss Josephine; Browne, ^Irs. J. Rhodes, Jr. (Xina Young); 
Bruce, Mrs Henry (Deedcc Patten) ; Bruce, Miss ]\Iary Louisa; 
Bruce, Mrs. Wm. (Mary Louisa Jones) ; Bullard, Mrs. W. L, 
(Mary Blackmar) ; Burrus, Mrs. Lawrence M. ; Bussey, Mrs. 
Henry (Elizabeth Lucas) ; Byington, Mrs. E. T. (Ella Goode) ; 
Bynum, Mrs. (Emma Tyler) ; Camp, Mrs. L. A. (Annie 
Camp) ; Cameron, Miss Emma; Carter, Mrs. John D. (Zoono- 
mia Hoxey) ; Garter, j\Irs. Eobt. (Evelvn Page Nelson) ; Carter, 
Mrs. Eobt. E. (Belle Powers) ; Carter, Mrs. W. A. (Agnes 

Quigley) ; Chapman, Mrs. Brad. (Elizabeth ) ; 

Chappell, Mrs. L. H. (Cynthia Kent Hart) ; Cleghorn, 
Miss Sallie; Cody, Mrs. A. A. (Mary Rol>erta Williams) ; 
Comer, Mrs. Laura Beecher ; Cook, Mrs. Mary Elvira ; Copeland, 
Mrs. (Maggie Cook) ; Chancellor, Mrs. A. C. (Carrie Wynne) ; 
Carson, ]\Irs. Robt. (Ida Brannon); Cowdery, Mrs. Eveline; 
Cowder}', Miss Mattie; Curtis, 'Mrs. N. M. (Patty Welborne) ; 
Curtwright, Mrs. (Lizzie Muckefuss) ; Crawford, ^frs. Bennett 
(May Lowe) ; Crawford, Mrs. Reese (Augusta Jane Benning) ; 
Dexter, Mrs. Clias. E. (Clara M. Hodges) ; Dillingham, Mrs. 
Geo. (Anna Hall) ; Dismukes, Mrs. E. P. (Annie E. Forman) ; 
Downing, ]\[rs. L. T. (Lucv IJrquhart) ; Dozier, l^Irs. A. A. 
(Susio Morcland) ; Dozier, Mrs. All>ert (Mnry Cook); Ellis, 
Mr.s. Roswell (Lizzie Rutherford); Evans, :Miss Eula ; Evans, 
Mrs. F. H. (Dillie Waddell) ; Est^s, Mrs. Marion (Maggie Kir- 
ven) : Farish, Mrs. Robert (Helen Slade) ; Fogle, Mrs. Wm. 
(Sallie Rutherford); Fontaine, Mrs. Wm. (Laura Ynestrai) ; 

— 132 — 




I. Miss Anna Caroline Benning. 2. Mrs. Josepli Harrison. 

3. Mrs. O. S- Jordan. 4. Mrs. Reese Crawford. 

Columbus, Georgia. 



Ticknor) ; Tieknor, Mrs. F. 0. (Rosa Nelson) ; Ticknor, Mrs. 
Geo. (Xora Stewart) ; Tigiier, Uts. W. F.; Tigner, Mrs. G. Y. 
(Johnnie Lindsay) ; Thomas, IVIiss E&telle; Thomas, Mrs. G. E. ; 
Thomas, Miss Mary J.; Torrence, Miss Harriet; Torrence, Miss 
Matihla: TvUt, i\Iiss Anna; Tyler, Mrs. John; Tvler, Miss 
Eosa; Waddell. j\[iss Bessie F.; Waddell, Miss Sallie N.; Ware, 
Mrs. R. A. (Margaret Ellison) ; Warner. Mrs. Chas. (Susie 
Swift) ; Watson, Mrs. H. L. (Annie Patten) ; Weems, Miss 

Lottie; Wells, Mrs. '^L E. ( Birdsong) ; Williams, 

Mrs. Chas. J. (Mary Ann Howard) ; Williams, Mrs. (Dr.) 

Chas. ( Beall) ; Worrell, Miss Kate; Worrell, Mrs. 

Jamos (Emma Bigsrers) ; Worrell, Miss Josephine; Woodruff, 
Mrs. Chas. (Mary Lou :\rott) ; Woodruff, Mrs. Geo. W. (Vir- 
ginia Lindsay) ; Woodruff. ]\[rs. Henry (Mav Patten) ; Wool- 
folk, Mrs. Wm. G. CMaria Byrd Xolson) ; Wright, Mrs. (Mary 
Bridges Murdoch) ; Yonge, ]\Irs. Ed. (Lucy Banks). 

In 1898 the official history as to the origin of Memorial Day 
and the ]\Iemorial Association was compiled. It was presented 
to the Lizzie Rutherford Chapter, U. D. C, on April 26th, 1898, 
by the mother ^lemorial Association. This occasion demon- 
strated the eyer increasing interest in Memorial Day — fully 1,000 
people assembled at Springer's Opera House, where Mr. Henry 
R. G«ctchius made an eloquent address, and the following pro- 
gram was rendered : 

» Program. 

Fimeral March — Chopin, Prof. J. Lewis Browne. 

Prayer — Rev. W. A. Carter. 

Music — Who Will Care for Mother Now. 

Octette — Mrs. j\Iunn, Miss Hannah Crook, Miss Mary Kivlin, 
Miss L. 0. Seals; Messrs. J. Lee Harris, Ed. Cargill, J. Ral- 
ston Cargill, T. M. Hudson. 

Introduction of Speaker by Mr. Robert M. Howard. 

Memorial Address — Hon. Henry R. Goetchius. 

Music — The Vacant Chair. 

History of IMemorial Day — Presented to Lizzie Rutherford 
Chapter, I^. D. C, read by Mr. Frank Garrard. 

Music — The Conquered Banner, Miss Mary Kivlin. 

Recitation — Miss Maggie jMartin Harrison. 

Music — Let Us Pass Over the River (Stonewall Jackson'^ 
last words). ( 

Choru.s — 

Benediction — Rev. A. M. Wynn. 

— 131 — 




MRS. CHAS. J. WILLIAMS. 
Columbus, Georgia. 



Thus has the Memorial Association of Columbus, Georgia, 
acting upon the beautiful suggestion of Lizzie Rutlierford, aided 
by the eloquent pen o.' the Secretar}', Mrs. Charles J. Williams, 
inaugurated the custom of IMemorial Day. This custom so 
generally observed throughout the South, has been adopted by 
the North, and it has been made a National Day. 

Respectfully submitted, 
Sallie Marshall-Martin Harrison, 
Anna Caroline Benning, 

Committee. 



MRS. CHARLES J. WILLIAMS, 
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. 

We present here the picture of Mrs. Charles J Williams, the 
first Secretary of the Ladies' Memorial Association, Columbus, 
Georgia. * Her thrilling appeal for the decoration of the 
graves of the Confederate heroes went out, the South responded 
enthusiastically, and to-day Memorial Day is universally observed. 
Mrs. Williams died in April, 1874. Owing to the fact that she 
had been a member of the Soldiers' Aid Society, and was always 
among the most prominent ladies in every good and generous 
work, the Columbus Guards, through their Captain, tendered 
their services to the family as a military escort during the 
funeral exercises, and the offer was accepted. The Company 
turned out in citizens' dress, with military caps. 

At the conclusion of the religious services at the cemetery 
the Company marched around the grave, each man dropping his 
floral tribute, until there was a mound of flowers. A salute was 
fired, and all that was good and noble and generous in this 
loyal Southern woman was laid to rest under the Spring flowers 
she loved so dearlv. 



— 135 — 



LADIES' :\IKMOT^IAL ASSOCIATION, 
M.MHSOX, GEORGIA. 

"All I the women ol" the Soutli I how hi'avc iIr-v were in the times 
that tried men's soiils ! Often sending the dearest treasure of 
their hleeding liearts without a tear to meet the foe. Fit com- 
panions they, for tlie noblest, purest patriots who ever laid their 
lives a priceless sacrifice upon their country's altar. Xor were 
they willing for these heroic patriots to pass into oblivion, for 
scarcely had the thunders of artillery died on our native hills, 
when a w^oman of the South, a daughter of the Empire State, 
said : ' Let us set apart a day hallowed to the nienioi-y of our 
fallen heroes and the South's immortal struggle,' and in all the 
years that have followed have the people of the South observed 
this sacred ^lemorial Day wath increasing devotion.*" 

The Ladies' Memorial Association, of Morgan County, Geor- 
gia, was organized in the Baptist Church, Madison, April, 1866, 
with the following officers: Mrs. Susan Dye, President; Mrs. 
Sarah B. Cook, ]\Irs. Augustus Reese, Vice-Presidents; Mrs. C. 
H. Sanders, now Mrs, Speer, Secretary. These ladies were the 
mothers and wives of gallant Confederate soldiers. The ven- 
erable President was the mother of Captain G. B. Knight, of 
the Panola Guard, one of the two volunteer companies of Madi- 
son that early responded to their country's call. She was a 
widow with two younger sons, both of -svhom were in the Con- 
federate army, and one of them, Martin Dye, gave his life for 
the cause. Mrs. Cook, who is still with us, revered and esteemed, 
at the advanced age of eighty-six years, gave both husband and 
son to her country. ^Irs. Reese was the mother of three boys 
who wore the gray; the fate of one w^as never known to the 
heart-broken but patriotic mother. Mrs. Sanders married dur- 
ing the war, the gallant young Captain obtaining a furlougli 
for that important event. 

The Georgia Fenuile College, or Baptist Institution, was an 
important factor in the history of Madison during the four years 
of conflict. From the granite steps leading to its imposing 
colonnade was presented, by one of its fair daughters, ^[iss Josio 
V. Thrasher (now Mrs. Overly), the flag to Captain G. B. 
Knight, of the Panola Guards, and his gallant speech of accept- 
ance is still lovingly preserved among her dearest treasures. 

•Extract of address delivered to Confederate Veterans, Memorial Day, 1903, by 
the writer. 

— 136 — 



As the war continued, carrying consternation and ruin through- 
out the entire Southland, this institution was closed, to be 
opened later as a liospital for sick and wounded soldiers. Its 
halls, once resounding with the music of girlish laughter, once 
proudly smiling at the tremulous flutter, the timid glance of 
the "sweet girl graduate," now alas ! echoed the groans of the 
sick and dying, and shuddering, saw Azrael slowly fold his sable 
wings as he kept grim watch o'er its gloomy walls. 

Another building in Madison, a cotton factory, whose busy 
hum of industry was silenced by war's relentless hand, became 
a prison and a hospital combined. Soon, alas! many mounds 
had been made on the hill side beyond the city cemeterj- — some 
of them marked with the pathetic word "Unknown." To this 
spot, known as the "Soldiers' Cemetery," wended each spring- 
time the ladies and children of Morgan Coimty on the 26th of 
April, silently covering with fragrant flowers these sleeping 
places of the brave. In a few years, some one suggested having 
an orator, and appropriate services, and since the organization 
of the Survivors' xlssociation, the veterans have marched each 
jear in a body to show their reverence for their fallen comrades. 
Ih 1878 the honored President of the Ladies' Memorial Asso- 
eiation, Mrs Dye, passed into the spirit world, and Mrs. Jas. 
A. Wade was elected to that office. Mrs. Sanders resigning as 
Secretary on account of ill-health, she and Mrs. W. H. Burr 
were elected Vice-Presidents. The writer, then Miss Mary 
Chiles, was elected Secretary, and with the exception of four 
different occasions, when not in Madison, has filled that office 
to the present time. The ladies acting as Secretary on the oc- 
casions mentioned were Mrs. L. B. Eeese, Mrs. M. A. Petut, 
Miss Sallie Johnston, now Mrs. Jas. T. Penn. and Mrs. Marv 
Stokes. The Association having no business to transact, its 
sole object being to provide appropriate services for Memorial 
observances on April 26th, the Secretary has never been in- 
structed to record any meetings, as the veterans gladly record, 
in the minutes of their Association, the proceedings of each Me- 
morial Day, For some years past the reading of the mortuary 
report of the Survivors' Association has been a part of the ser- 
vices on these occasions. In 1882 the city fathers, finding an- 
other cemetery a necessity, selected the present Westview Ceme- 
tery, and it was deemed expedient to remove the soldiers' re- 
mains to this new City of the Dead. By the earnest efforts of 



137 — 



"Commodore" G. X. Dexter, a zealous veteran, marble head- 
stones mark each silent resting place. In 1889 the Ladies Me- 
morial Association became much entliused in tlie endeavor to 
erect a monument to the Confederate heroes buried here, and 
several entertainments were given, tlie proceeds of which, 
amounting to quite a sum, was lost by the unfortunate failure 
of the bank wliere the funds were deposited. Another effort 
for this object was made in connection with the Ladies' Garden 
Club, but that was also unsuccessful, thougli some money was 
given for this, an evidence of the proper spirit of patriotic ap- 
preciation. In 1892 Mrs. Wade resigned on account 
of her removal to Atlanta. Her resignation was accepted 
with deep regret, because of her lovely Christian character, 
which endeared her to all, and because of the great interest she 
ever manifested for I\Iemorial Day observances, her only son 
being with those who are "sleeping imder the lillies." Mrs. Joel 
A. Billups was elected to succeed Mrs. Wade as President; Mrs. 
L. B. Eeese, Mrs. M. A. Mustin, Mrs. G. B. Stovall, Mrs. M. P. 
Godfrey, Vice-Presidents; the writer was re-elected Secretary. 
These ladies retain their respective offices. Before the Memorial 
Day of '93 had dawned the pure spirit of our beloved Ex-Presi- 
dent, Mrs. Wade, had winged its flight to the eternal city of God, 
and on Memorial Day a simple tribute to her memory, prepared 
by the Secretary at the request of the present beloved President, 
Mrs. Billups, was read by Prof I. L. Williferd, and is preserved 
among the records of the Survivors' Association. Since the es- 
tablishment of public schools in Madison in 1896, the Board of 
Education very wisely require the pupils to take part in the 
exercises on Memorial Day; the children, therefore, furnish pa- 
triotic songs on these occasions, and add much to the beauty of 
the services, which are always held in the attractive and spacious 
auditorium of the elegant building for the school — itself a monu- 
ment to the taste and judgment of a Confederate veteran — M. A. 
Mustin. 

The Ladies' Memorial Association, at the suggestion of Mrs. 
M. P. Godfrey, assisted by the Daughters of the Confederacy, 
has recently greatly enlianced the beauty of the Soldiers' Ceme- 
tery, and these two patriotic organizations are earnestly endeav- 
oring to secure the necessary funds to erect a suitable monument 
to our sleeping heroes. Besides the ladies mentioned as officers 
in this Association, the following members have ever taken a 

— 138 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Erected 1898 by Ladies' Memorial Association, 

Dalton, Georgia. 



deep interest in any effort to preserve the sacred memories of 
the past: Mrs. A. G. Johnston, Mrs. J. E. High, Mrs. Jas. S. 
Hogue, Mrs. P. V. Carbins, and Mrs. J. V. Overly. One of the 
touching scenes of each Memorial Day is onr esteemed Presi- 
dent, with her lovely face and gentle manners, guiding her blind 
and feeble husband to his seat in the auditorium. The exercises 
on Memorial Day, 1903, were among the most interesting ever 
held. Governor Terrell was orator of the day and said that with 
the assistance of the patriotic people of the State he hoped to 
have the grave of every Confederate soldier suitably marked 
while he is Chief Executive of Georgia. The history of this 
Association would be incomplete without some allusion to a few 
of the veterans who have ever responded to any call for aid — 
often suggesting plans for making the exercises more impressive. 
Among those who have joined their sleeping comrades across 
the salient river is Dr. T. Preston Gibbs, full of enthusiasm 
and ever jealous for the memory of the Confederate soldier; 
Rev. S. A. Burney, the beloved chaplain of the Survivors' Asso- 
ciation, ever ready to aid in any effort to honor the memory of 
the "Southern Cause"; Jas. E. Chiles (the brother of the 
writer), whose ardent love for the Southern Independence caused 
the formation of the Survivors' Association of Morgan County, 
1874. The gallant young South Carolian made the suggestion 
to Captain Charles H. Andrews, and by their efforts this Asso- 
ciation, the second in Georgia, Avas organized. So great was his 
interest in the Association that he held the office of Secretary 
from its origin until his death, in 1900. Of those who are still 
with us, Commodore G. N. Dexter, whose name is a synonym 
for zeal and enthusiasm, is always Marshal of the Day on Me- 
morial occasion, and is ever ready to assist the Ladies' Memorial 
Association. Captain Walter A. Wiley, the zealous and effi- 
cient iVdjutant of Morgan County Camp of Veterans, cherishes 
with deepest devotion and knightly sentiments the memories of 
the Southern Confederacy. Among the Sons of Veterans 
Charles A. Sanders has ever been most interesting and helpful 
in honoring the memory of the comrades of his father (the Cap- 
tain mentioned earliest in the sketch). 

These facts concerning the Ladies' Memorial Association of 
Madison, Morgan County, Georgia, have been written with the 
hope that the exalting sentiments which inspired the organiza- 
tion will never die, nor its object be abandoned while Southern 
women live to revere the loyal patriotism of Southern manhood. 
Mrs. Mary Chiles Ware, Secretary. 



LADIES' ME:\I0KIAL ASSOCIATION, 
MARIETTA, GA. 

The Marietta Memorial Association is a product of the Ladies' 
Aid Society of Marietta, and the old Georgia Memorial Associa- 
tion, the original Southern Memorial Association. 

In tlie early days of its work the organization was imperfect 
and its membership small, but the untiring zeal and patient and 
persistent efforts of the few made up for all deficiencies. The 
brave and loyal women who had ministered so faitlifully and 
tenderly to the needs of the living, both on the field and in the 
hospitals, could hardly fail in the crucial hour of death and 
defeat, nor have the years dampened the ardor of their devo- 
tion to the memories of the Southern Cause or their reverence 
for the '^oys who wore the gray." 

The only object of the Association is to care for the graves of 
the Confederate soldiers, and the one qualification necessary for 
membership is loyalty to the Southern Confederacy. The years 
have brought many changes, but as each faithful woman leading 
this band of loyal women, yielded to time's decree and surren- 
dered the work, others equally as devoted to the sacred cause have 
taken their places. Not the least of the permanent good accom- 
plish'ed by the organization is the fostering of the spirit of loyalty 
to tlie traditions of the past and the transmission to their chil- 
dren of their faith in the South, and purity of the South's shat- 
tered ideals. 

No son or daughter of the future must doubt the nobility of 
purpose or the purity of the motives of the gallant men, descen- 
dants of tlie Cavalier, who went fearlessly to their death in de- 
I'once of their conception of justice and right. 

" The knightliest of a knightly race " by their heroic courage 
and lofty self-sacrifice commanded the admiration of the world, 
and it is the sacred legacy of Marietta ^Memorial Association to 
keep the sod green above their graves. 

The Association is now working under a charter, with an 
earnest and faithful corps of officers and with the hearty sympathy 
and co-operation of the local chapter of the Daughters of the 
Confederacy. 

As to the magnitude of their work and the many attendant 
difficulties, a brief sketch will suffice. The Confederate Cemetery 
at Mariotta contain?: tho grnvos of tliree thousand falltm sons of 

— 140 — 




>- 

H 



< 

cc 

Q 

UJ 
LL 

O 

u 



-T3 O 



Q 



recently an eft'oi-t lias boon made to get legislative aid, so that 
Georgians may no longer look with reproach npon the graves 
of her hero dead. 

Until very recently the cemetery has, indeed, been a reproach 
and for several years the Association was almost too much dis- 
couraged to make any further effort. The fence had fallen into 
decay, the drives were over-run, and the graves so over-grown, 
that they could scarcely be traced, liut Kennesaw Chapter, 
United Daughters of the Confederacy, a younger and stronger 
organization, has come to the rescue and, working witli the 
Memorial Association, the sacred spot has been reclaimed. Dur- 
ing the last six years about $1,500.00 have been expended, the 
requisite number of head-stones have been placed, the drives and 
grounds improved and the entire plat has been distributed by 
sections to working committ'Ces to plant flowers and shrubs, and 
otherwise beautify the grounds. Among the improvements pro- 
posed by the Association was a wall of stone and a monument, 'for 
which a fund has been started by Kennesaw Chapter, United 
Daughters of the Confederacy. 

A history of the ^Memorial Association would be incomplete 
without a sketch of some of its officers. Among the first leaders 
in the work was Miss Mary Robarts. She was efficient and faith- 
ful "even unto death." Mrs. Hansell, with Mrs. Winn as secre- 
tary, was also one of the earliest and most faithful Presidents. 
For years Mrs. Winn held the presidency and no leader was 
ever more capable or faithful than she — laboring always with 
unselfish devotion, and with wonderful executive ability, she 
brought order out of chaos, and all money intrusted to her was 
promptly and judiciously expended for the cemetery. Failing 
health caused her to resign and it was after the loss of her 
efficient leadership that the one lapse in interest occurred, and 
the affairs of the Association reached their lowest ebb, which 
resulted in the neglected condition of the cemetery already 
described. 

Xow the Association is under the wise direction of Mrs. 
Eebecca L. Xesbitt, a true and tried daughter of the South, who 
gave lavishly of her time and talents to the work of the Associa- 
tion. In the beginning of her administration, she was ably assisted 
by Mrs. Adelaide McClatcbey and Mrs. Anna Wliitlock, as 
secretary and treasurer. Both of these earnest workers have 
gone to join the " mighty caravan above," but the memory of 

— 142 — 










tip* u -—o^ ■ - '-^ 




CONFEDERATE CEMETERY, 

Dedicated 1866, Resaca, Georgia. 



their zeal and enthusiastic devotion to the cause is an inspira- 
tion to ns on whom their work and perchance their " mantles 
have fallen." 

While the caring for the graves and protecting them from dese- 
cration is a dnty, it is a privilege to gather together annually on 
the 26th of April, and after some one of Georgia's gifted sons 
has told the story of the heroic struggle, while the thrilling airs 
of " Dixie " and " America " are sung with equal enthusiasm, 
representing tlie devotion to the past and the patriotism of the 
present, to " bring flowers, sweet flowers," and tenderly place 
tliem upon the graves to commemorate the deeds of glory and 
emblemize by their fragrance and beauty the love and remem- 
brance of the women and children of the fair Southland. 

Frances W. Clay^ 

Secretary. 

RESACA MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
EESACA, GEORGIA. 

The battle of Resaca was one of the most celebrated of the 
war. It was during that fight that the famous Forty-Second 
Georgia Regiment lost so many men, and it was there tliat 
Colonel L. P. Thomas took command. 

Mr. Cox, whose father. Captain Jacob R. Cox, owned a large 
farm, which afterwards became the scene of that famous bat- 
tle, tells an interesting story of the fight. Captain Cox had 
just built a new house on his place and on it he had expended 
nearl}'' all the money which he had accumulated. This house was 
used by General Johnston as headquarters, but he abandoned 
the place about twenty-five minutes before the fighting began. 

Shortly before the fight began General Johnston moved out. 
Sherman had planted his artillery on a small ridge a short dis- 
tance away and began shelling the Confederates. The Cox 
home was immediately in the line of the Federal's fire, and 
General Leonidas Polk decided he wanted the house out of the 
way so as to effectively return the enemy's fire. 

General Polk came up to where Captain Cox was standing- 
talking to his son. Both had been watching the preparations 
for the fight. "Captain," said the General, with his hand on 
his heart, in true cavalier fashion, "your house is in the way 
of my return fire. We arc both old men. and neither of us 
may live to see the end of this war. I want that house removed, 

— 143 — 



and I promiric you tliat in the event we are successful and I live 
I shall see to it you get douhle what the house is worth." 

With a wave of his hand Captain Cox told General Polk to 
tear down the house. Fully five hundred men were put to work, 
and in thirty minutes not a beam of the once comfortable country 
house remained where it formerly stood. Polk's battery was 
then planted in the yard and the work of shelling the Federals 
began. 

Young Cox and his father had started away from the scene 
when the elder Cox, a man of 60 years of age, then suddenly 
turned and started back. Has son remonstrated with him. "I 
want to get the old clock, son," replied Captain Cox. "It has 
been in the family too long for me to leave it for others to carry 
away." 

Minie balls and shells were falling fast, but seemingly un- 
conscious of the fight, the elder Cox threaded his way back to 
tlie site of his former home, found tlie clock and returned to his 
son without mishap. 

The first Confederate cemetery in the State, and almost in 
the South, Avas established at Eesaca, where the remains of 
those who fell in the three days' fight there, were gathered up 
and decently interred. Like many events, it came from small 
beginnings, and happened thus: 

The family of Mr, John H. Green lived on the battlefield. 
Around them, on all sides, were scattered Confederate graves — 
a few here, a few there, Imried just where tlie soldiers fell. 

On the road to the little country church two Confederate sol- 
diers lay; one could hardly say buried, for the earth had simply 
been heaped up on them, and tlie winter rains had washed a 
great deal of it off. 

On this hill the Confederates had ]ilanted a l)attery wliieh 
the Federals had made many efforts to capture, with great 
slaughter to them.selves. As the country people described it af- 
terwards, " the whole side of Scales" Hill was blue with dead 
Yankees." 

Aftt'r the battle the Federals, who hekl tlio field, collected 
their dead and interred them decently in a neat soldiers' cem- 
etery. As tlie Confederates were forced b* fall back, many of 
their dead were left lying on tb(> field, and were buried by the 
f'netuy, some by merely having the earth thrown over them, as 

— 144 — 



in tlie case of the two men ou Scales' Hill, who lay with half 
their bodies exposed. 

The sight of these neglected graves was a great grief to the 
occupants of the home, and finally the ladies of the family de- 
termined to take the matter in their own hands, as they were too 
poor to hire any one to help them. One of the ladies, with the 
help of the negro cook, dug a shallow grave in the flower garden 
beside the soldier who lay buried there, while another sister, 
accompanied by a young negro girl, went out and brought in the 
two skeletons in l)askets. Then tliey wrapped them in pieces 
of matting and buried them. 

The idea then occurred to the ladies that they would collect 
the Confederate dead, and inter them in a piece of ground their 
father had donated for that purpose, and so form a Confederate 
soldiers' cemetery. There was but one drawback to this scheme 
— they had no money and such work was expensive. 

So the ladies residing on the battlefield of Eesaca met July 
4th, 1866, at the residence of Mr. John F. Green and formed 
themselves into a society, to be called the "Ladies' Association," 
for the burial of the Confederate soldiers who fell at the battle 
of Eesaca, binding themselves to use all their energy and in- 
fluence to effect this purpose. Thirteen names being signed the 
Society then proceeded to the election of officers. The follow- 
ing officers were then elected: ]\riss M. J. Green, President; 
Mrs. J. W. Hill, Vice-President; Mrs. S. W. Bachman, Treas- 
urer; Miss L. Green, Secretary. The President tlien reported 
to the Society that she had made an appeal to the women of 
Georgia in the name of the women of Resaca, asking for aid 
in the burial of the Confederate dead at Resaca. 

The ladies appealed to, went about in their respective cities 
stating the case, and the people gave twenty-five cents, fifty 
cents, one dollar or five dollars. Just as they were able, and soon 
money began to pour in from many places. 

Then, true to their ideas of States Rights, it occurred to 
them it was not fair to call on Georgia to bury the dead of other 
States. So they employed a neighbor to go around and ascertain 
the number of dead lying on the battlefield, also their names, 
regiments and States, when it could be found. The graves of 
those who were buried by their comrades were generally marked 
— often the name written in pencil on a bit of board, sometimes 
a piece of cartridge box, and stuck at the head of the grave. 

— 145 — 



When this work wa* finished (the neighbor, an old Union 
man, refusing compensation, saying as he had no money, he 
would like to give his time and labor) the list was published in 
the leading papers of the different Southern cities, accompa- 
nied by a statement of the case, and an appeal for aid. 

It was promptly answered, public meetings were called, and 
money subscribed and sent to the ladies at Resaca. with heart- 
felt thanks for the noble work they were doing. Generous con- 
tributions were received, till they amounted to about $2,000.00. 
Tlie genial "Bill Arp," ever true to his convictions, sent them 
a kindly letter, and ten dollars. The money they spent, but the 
letter is treasured still by the ladies. 

Every mail l)rouglit letters of inquiry from mothers, sisters, 
widows and sweetliearts, asking about their dead, and sending 
money, often depriving themselves of necessities to help the 
cause, and many grief-stricken letters were written telling of 
the goodness and the bravery of those who were lost to them 
forever, and of their owti sad lives under existing conditions. 
The women wlio undertook this work got a glimpse into the 
lives of many a broken-hearted family. 

Tkey now went to their work with a will. A spot was se- 
lected for the site througli which a stream ran. Already two 
soldiers lay buried beside its banks, its ever flowing waters 
murmuring a requiem over them. 

Men were hired to clear the ground, which was laid oft" as 
a landscape garden, by Colonel James Eobertson. now one of 
the State Railroad Commissioners, and contracts were given 
out for the re-interment of the dead, numbering about four 
hundred. 

When the woi'k was finished each State had a plat in which 
her men lay, every grave being marked with a white head- 
board, containing the soldiers name, company and regiment, 
while tlie unknown dead occupied the center of the ground 
lying around a handsome granite cross marked, " To the Un- 
known Dead." and presented by the Stone Mountain Granite 
Company. 

The grounds were adorned Avith roses and other flowering 
plants. Rustic bridges spanned the stream at several points, 
and the whole place was enclosed with a handsome fence. 

This fence was furnished l)y a Chattanooga Company, and 

— 146 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENTS. 

I. Sparta, Georgia. 2. Sandersville, Georgia. 

Unveiled 1881. Unveiled 1897. 

3. Savannah, Georgia. 4- Athens. Georgia. 

Unveiled 1875- Unveiled 1872. 

5. Thomson, Georgia. 6. Barnesville, Georgia. 

Unveiled 1896. Unveiled 1889. 



cost $700.00, and was Just $500.00 more than the ladies had 
in tlieir treasury. 

Soutliern women have a great and abiding confidence in 
Southern men. jSTever mind what ma}^ be the matter in hand, 
whether it be obtaining a seat in the street car, the raising of 
money for any particular purpose, or carrying through of 
any political measure, when they think it should be passed, 
they always '' appeal to the men." They think that is all 
they have to do. And, it must be said, they are not often 
disappointed. 

So the Eesaca ladies, who had organized themselves into 
the "Eesaca Memorial Society," appealed to the Legislature to 
give them $500.00 to pay off their debts. 

The Legislature did not meet till ISTovember, but the ceme- 
tery being completed in October, the ladies determined to 
have it consecrated at once, that the fallen heroes might sleep 
in hallowed ground. Wishing to have a eulogy pronounced 
over them at the same time, they wrote to both Bishop Stephen 
Elliott and General Howell Cobb, asking them to come and 
perform these services for them. In reply General Howell 
Cobb wrote: 

" To be present on the occasion to which you refer, and to 
participate as an actor in the scenes, would be among the most 
agreeable duties I have ever been called upon to perform. The 
ladies of j^our association may be assured that I would 
esteem it a privilege and pleasure, to which every pulsation of 
my heart compels me. The kind invitation they have ex- 
tended will be cherished as a testimonial of their partiality 
and regard. No mere personal sacrifices could prevent my ac- 
ceptance, but I feel that at present it would do no good to 
either the living or the dead, for me to break the silence which 
I have voluntarily imposed upon myself, since the surrender 
of our army, and our Cause. Whilst I should on such an occa- 
sion utter no word inconsistent with the duties and obliga- 
tions I have assumed to the Government of the United States, 
yet I do not feel that I could give utterance to all the feel- 
ings, sympathies and memories that would swell the breast, 
and demand of the lips an unrestrained utterance. Others 
may be more fortunately situated, and to them I venture to 
suggest it would be better to commit the sacred duty." 

Bishop Elliott declined for similar reasons. 

— 147 — 



To show the state of the country iu 1860, and, in order 
that the views of these distinguished men should be fully ap- 
preciated and understood, an extract is given below from a 
letter received from one of the officers of the Fifth Com- 
pany, Washington Artillery, of Xew Orleans, in reply to an 
appeal to bury their comrades who fell at Besaca. The state- 
ment he makes seems almost incredible to us, who enjoy the 
freedom and law and order rule of 1891. 

"It is the desire and intention of the Company to bring 
home all its dead for interment. And soon after our return 
to the city, we resolved our Company into an association, for 
the purpose of providing for the living families of our dead 
comrades, and bringing home their remains. But our asso- 
ciation, together Avith all other associations formed in this 
city for the same purpose, have been suspended by the mili- 
tary order of General Sheridan, and the widow and orphan are 
deprived of the aid that would result from our organized chari- 
ties. And our brave comrades who died can receive no ex- 
pression of our grateful hearts in their honor. 'No monument 
to commemorate their virtues.' As soon as we are permitted 
to do so, we will take steps to bring home our dead. As soon 
as our association is permitted to be organized, your com- 
munication will be laid before it." 

Nothing daunted, the ladies then begged the services of an 
old friend, the Rev. John Jones, who had served through most 
of the war as an army chaplain. Since then he has gallantly 
■waged war against Satan, by praying over the Georgia Legis- 
lature for the last ten or fifteen years. He promptly responded 
to the call, and on the 25th of October, the consecration took 
place. 

The people for twenty miles around assembled to witness 
the ceremonies. Appropriate mottoes adorned the different lots 
and wreaths of evergreen decorated the graves. Then the 
brave chaplain proceeded to consecrate the ground, after which 
the martyrs to the Southern Cause were left in their hon- 
ored graves, to sleep their last sleep, till the last reveille shall 
wake them. 

The ladies of the Eesaca Memorial Association were full 
of a patriotic pride that theirs should be the first Confed- 
erate cemoter\' in the South, so they were a little surprised to 
find that on the same day that the T?esaca Cemetery was con- 

— 148 — 



secratcd. the woinoii of Wineliester, Va., had performed a sim- 
ilar ceremony over tlie Confederate dead in their midst. 

There was buried the gallant Ashby, and one of the incidents 
of the day was the laying of a wreath of flowers on the gallant 
soldier's grave by his old " mammy." 

In November, the Legislature met, and the petition of the 
Ladies' Memorial Association of Resaca was presented, wherein 
they stated that they had themselves raised over $3,000.00, 
with which they had buried nearly four hundred Confederate 
soldiers, that they still owed $500.00, and they prayed the 
Legislature to help them. 

This was the second Legislature that had met since the 
surrender. It had onerous and disagreeable duties to consider, 
chief among them the consideration of the Fourteenth Amend- 
ment. But it turned away from these for a time, and list- 
ened with enthusiasm to the speeches made in behalf of the 
women engaged in this sacred work, and not only voted the 
$500.00 asked for, but added from the depleted coffers of the 
State $3,500.00 more to bury the dead at Chickamauga, which 
work one of the ladies of the " Resaca Memorial Association '' 
immediately undertook. 

The cemetery was regarded by the country people as a sort 
of pleasure ground in the midst of a devastated land. It was 
a great resort for rustic lovers of Sunday afternoons, and 
many a troth was plighted there. 

On the 2Gth of April, Memorial Day, the farmers would 
cease their labors, and the young men and maidens, after 
collecting boughs of hawthorn and honeysuckle (the South- 
ern National flower), would proceed to decorate the graves. 

Like all humanity, the mountaineer has some sentiment, and 
it showed itself when one Memorial Day the gates of the cem- 
etery were dressed with dogwood, a handsome, showy white 
flower. 

" What do ye mean by puttin' dogwood on the soldiers' 
graves?" cried they. ''Don't ye know the meanin' (emblem) 
of dogwood?" 

"No; what is it?" 

" Why, hit means ' Go to the devil !' " 

And so the first Confederate cemetery in Georgia was com- 
pleted. It was begun in July with very little money in hand. 
In October the work was finished, and after Christmas the 

— 149 — 



debts were all paid. Twenty-five hundred dollars had been 
raised by the appeals of a private family, the contributions 
of an impoverished people, speaking more eloquently than 
could any silver-tongued orator, of their love of the Southern 
Cause and its fallen heroes. And for many years, as the 
trains passed by, the engineer tolled his bell as a requiem to 
those buried there sleeping their last sleep, waiting the judg- 
ment day. 

Dr. Jones, some years before his death, related a remark- 
able story in connection with the identification of the Con- 
federate dead at Resaca during the removal of the bodies. A 
minister, and an acquaintance of Dr. Jones, had a son killed 
at Resaca. The grave was unmarked. One night, so the min- 
ister told Dr. Jones, he and his wife, with clasped hand<?, 
prayed to God to direct them in some way to the spot where 
their son was l)uried. That night their dead boy appeared 
to him in a dream and said : " Father, you will find my body 
on the field at Resaca, at the foot of a clay hill, and by a 
small oak tree." The father went to Resaca, found the hill 
and the tree, and dug a soldier's remains which were identified 
as t^ose of his son by a ring which he had worn. 

The family of Mr. Green moved from Resaca to Atlanta, 
in '69, but Miss ^lary Green, the President of the Resaca 
Afemorial Association, attended to the repairs of the cemetery. 
The wooden headljoards were replaced by iron ones, painted 
white, and the fence kept in good condition by appropriations 
from the Legislature or private contributions. 

But in '93 the fence was burned, in consequence of the woods 
being set on fire. Then the subject of replacing it became a 
very important matter to all those interested in it. General 
George Moorman, Adjutant General of the United Confed- 
ei-ato Veterans, wrote a very kind letter to Miss Green, who 
had applied to him for a list of the Confederate Camps. 
After two years' strenuous effort the fence was completed (it 
was formed of iron posts connected by ribbon wire.) Contri- 
butions were received from the R. E. Lee Camp, of Fort 
Worth, Texas; T^ouisiana Division of the Army of Tennessee 
Assoei;iti<iii ; Veterans of Fayetteville, Tennessee, Columbia, 
Soiilb Ciroliiia. and Atlanta, Georgia: the TTnited Daughters 
of the Confederacy, of Fayetteville and Jackson, Tennessee; 
Jackson, Mississippi; nn<l Augusta. !Maeon. Athens, West 

— 150 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1887. 

Rome, Georgia. 



Pointj Eome and Atlanta Georgia; also, from the Memorial As- 
sociation of Atlanta. The Julia Jackson Chapter of the 
Children of the Confederacy contributed the money for the 
gates. Charles Broadway Rouss sent a check, and General 
Eufus Bullock gave $105.00. 

The contributions of the people, who assembled each Me- 
morial Day, at the Resaca Cemetery, must not l)e omitted. 

Mrs. E. J. Simmons, of Calhoun, is now President of the 
Association, and has 1)een for a number of years. She is a 
most enthusiastic and energetic worker, and by her personal 
efforts has had a memorial stone placed in the Georgia lot of 
the cemetery. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
ROME, GEORGIA. 

" To those who liyed ; to those who died ; to those who gave 
much; to those who gave all; this monument is erected by a 
grateful people." 

The spirit which placed the above-quoted inscription upon 
Georgia's monument on Chickamauga battlefield, pervades and 
pervaded the women of Georgia, and caused them throughout 
the State to form Memorial Associations to perpetuate the 
memory of the Confederate soldiers who were dead, or who 
would thereafter die. Acting under the influence of this spirit 
8 Ladies' Memorial Association exists at Rome. The result of 
the work is that the jolat of ground in ]\Iyrtle Hill Cemetery, 
in which lie the Confederate dead, is well sodded and well 
kept, and each grave is marked with a marble slab, upon which 
is engraved the name and regiment of the sleeping hero ; ex- 
cept where the word " unknown " tells its own sad story. There 
are three hundred and fifty-seven graves, and in this small 
number are represented the following named thirteen States: 
Alabama. Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, 
Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Ten- 
nessee, Texas, and Virginia. 

A stand has been erected near the graves in which the ad- 
dress and other memorial exercises are held. Upon the top of 
the hill, and near the graves, is a monument of Georgia marble, 
dedicated to the memory of those sleeping at the base of the 

— 151 — 



hill. Upon the inoiiument, with other recitals, there are carved 
these pres^iant words : " Testimony of the present to the future, 
■warning those who keep these valleys, that only their sires are 
dead, the principles for which they fought can never die." The 
Ladies' ^Memorial Association of Rome began on April 26th, 
1SG7, by a gathering of about eighteen or twenty Roman wives 
and mothers who formed themselves into a band of love and 
mercy to care for the graves of the Confederate dead. This 
they did with willing hands for over two years, with Mrs. N". 
J. Bayard as presiding officer of the body. In 18G9, a regu- 
lar Memorial Association was formed, with Mrs. D. M. Hood 
as President. Upon the resignation of Mrs. Hood, in 1870, Mrs. 
T. "W. Alexander became the President, and continued so until 
the date of her death, on December 7th, 1895. After the 
loss of Mrs. Alexander, in the early part of the year lSd6 
"Mrs. Henry A. Smith was elected, and still continues to be 
the President of the Association. 

During a large portion of the time that Mrs. Alexander 
was President, Mrs. Robert Battey was Vice-President, and 
upon her resignation Mrs. Wm. H. Mitchell was elected to the 
office and still continues to hold it. These ladies were both 
earnest workers in the Cause, and that tireless energy for which 
Mrs. Battey is noted, was largely instrumental in raising the 
funds for the work done. 

The present officers of the Association are: 

Mrs. Henry A. Smith, President. 

Mrs. Wm. H. Mitchell, Vice-President. 

!Mrs. James A. Rounsaville, Treasurer. 

!Mrs. Halsted Smith, Secretary. 

On each Memorial Day the people of the town and sur- 
rounding country gather about the soldiers' graves. The ^fe- 
morial Association, the Mayor and Council and City officials 
in a body, the public schools, the local military, the firemen, 
and various other organizations join in a procession. A mar- 
shal and mounted aids control the march, which is generally 
preceded by a brass band. At the cemetery the graves are 
decorated with flowers, an address is delivered and a parting 
salute fired by the military. In the decoration, it is a no- 
ticeable fact that the graves of several Federal soldiers who 
lie near their one-time foes, receive the same attention that 
loving hands give to tlio graves of the soldiers of the South- 

— 152 — 



ern Cause. At the same time the ladies of the association go 
in a body and place flowers upon the graves of former mem- 
bers who are buried in the same cemetery. Among those who 
now rest there, are Mrs. T. W. Alexander, Mrs. Martha Brookes, 
Mrs. Jane P. Bowie, Mrs. A. B. Montgomery, all former active 
members of the Association. 

Among the orators of these days have been statesmen and 
jurists and with their number the soldier-orator, John B. Gor- 
don, and the Demosthenes of the mountains, H. V. M. Miller, 
have graced diiferent occasions. 

At the memorial exercises on April 27th, 190-i, our fellow- 
citizen and statesman, Hon. John W. Maddox, Congressman 
from the Seventh Georgia District, delivered the address. 

It is a gratifying sight when practically a whole people close 
their plsces of business and by thousands devote an after- 
noon to work of veneration of their heroic dead. 

The placing of head-stones, the care of graves and erection of a 
monument have only been accomplished by persistent, continuous 
labor. A fund had been collected preparatory to the erection 
of a monument^ when, by the failure of a bank during the 
panic of 1873, every dollar of the fund was lost. Renewed 
effort was made and success was gained, and the monument 
was unveiled on Memorial Day, April 26th, 1887, Hon, John 
B. Gordon being the orator of the occasion. The architect in 
charge, and who gave freely his time and skill to the proper 
placing and erection of the monument, was Colonel C. M. 
Penning-ton, an ex-Confederate soldier. 

The Association has not only done this work, but it has sent 
funds to care for the Confederate graves at Richmond, con- 
tributions made to the Jeiferson Davis ]\Ionument and to the 
Winnie Davis Memorial, and aid given to veterans and wid- 
ows and orphans of veterans at home. 

Three companies went from Rome to join their comrades -it 
the beginning of the war between the States ; and composed 
part of the famous Eighth Georgia, which was led by Bartow 
to the field of Manassas. The Rome Light Guards was com- 
manded by Captain E. J. Magruder; the Miller Rifles, by 
Captain John R. Towers, and the Floyd Infantry, by Captain 
John F. Cooper. Of these Captain Cooper fell at Manassas, 
Captain Magruder became Lieutenant Colonel of the regi- 
ment and died at Rome, in the year 1892. 

— 153 — 



Captain Towers became Colonel of the regiment and is now 
living at the ripe age of seventy-eight in Marietta, Georgia, 
Both of these who survived the fateful field of July 21ft, 1861, 
remained with their command until they were surrendered at 
Appomattox. 

Tliere is a Confederate Veterans' Association at Rome, who 
have aided the ladies at all times in honoring their dead. 
Colonel A. B Montgomery is the present commander of the 
Eome Camp, and he, with his comrades, have glorious memo- 
ries to cherish and a record to point to with pride. 

The Rome Association sends greetings to its sister associa- 
tions over all our Southland with the hope that they and their 
daughters, and their children's daughters will continue to 
gather on ]\Iemorial Days and, pointing to the last resting 
places of the Confederate dead, teach generations yet unborn, 
" That such graves as these are pilgrim shrines. 
Shrines to no code nor creed confined. 
The Delphian Vales, the Palestines, 
The Meccas of the mind.'" 

MR":?. HaLSTED SillTH^ 

Secretary. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
SANDERSVILLE, GEORGIA. 

Early in March, 1880, Mrs. Sophronia Bayne and Mrs. Hal- 
lie Clayton Huff took the first steps towards interesting the 
ladies of Sandersville in organizing a Confederate Memorial 
Association, and with what success their efforts were crowned 
the history will tell. 

A meeting of all who were interested in this Cause so dear 
to every Southern heart was called by Mrs. Huff, to meet at 
the ^Methodist Church, to formulate plans and organize as 
early as possible in order to observe fittingly the beautiful 
custom of Memorial Day. A goodly number responded, and 
much interest was manifested by all present. 

The meeting was called to order by Rev. George Clark, 
pastor of the Methodist Church. 

After stating the object of the meeting, Mrs. Huff was 
called to the chair, and Colonel C R. Pringle was requested 

— 154 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1879, Ladies' Memorial Association. 

Macon, Georgia. 



To act as Secretary. Very soon the organization was com- 
pleted. The nomination for officers was then in order, and 
Mrs. H. Augusta Hines was nominated and unanimously 
elected President. 

Mrs. Hines' election was a fitting tribute to her brave and 
gallant father, Colonel T. G. Warthon, commander of the 
Twenty-eighth Kegiment of Georgia Volunteers, who gave his 
life for his country, on Malvern Hill. 

Mrs. Beverly D. Evans was elected Vice-President, and 
Mrs. Hallie C. Huff, Secretary and Treasurer. A programme 
was then arranged for Memorial Day. Just here Rev. George 
Clark made a request, using his own words : " I beg you not 
to allow sung that Yankee song, ' Hold the Fort,' for it is an 
insult to the Sons and Daughters of our beloved Southland." 
The song was not sung. 

The proposition to erect a Cenotaph, to be used until we were 
able to erect a fitting marble monument, was presented by 
Mrs. Huff. The proposition was accepted, and Rev. George 
Clark, Colonel L. L. Warthon, and Captain P. E. Talliaferro, 
were appointed to have the Cenotaph erected, and Mrs. Huff 
was appointed to solicit subscriptions for the same. The sum 
required was readily contributed, and an immense cross of 
Georgia pine, witii three steps forming its base, completed the 
Cenotaph. 

This was the first Cross of Honor presented by the Daugh- 
ters of Georgia to our " Confederate Dead." 

Colonel John Walter made the Memorial address, and Cap- 
tain Ike Herman, commanding Howell's Battery and the Wash- 
ington Rifles, directed the firing of salutes in honor of our Dead 
Heroes. The Sandersville Band, under Professor F. Gutten- 
berger, furnished music. The graves of those who " wore the 
gray" were decorated with flowers, and the Cenotaph was 
wreathed with floral tributes, by loving hands, to the memory 
of those killed and found on the battlefield ; who sleep their last, 
from home and loved ones. 

Thus, our first Memorial Day, on April 26th, 1880, was 
observed. 

May, 1881, Mrs. Huff resigned her office, having moved away. 

After the death of Mrs. Hines, Mrs. Evans was elected 
President, which office she has filled with great ability for 
twenty years, and now though broken in health, her interest 

— 155 — 



in the work is still an inspiration to tlie younger women. To 
her patriotic zeal and untiring efforts is due the erection of a 
handsome marhlc monument in place of the wooden cross. She 
"vvas generously aided and encouraged by her lamented husband, 
and ceased not until her efforts were crowned with success. 
The following is the inscription on the monument : 

Monogram. 
C. S. A. 
1861-1S65. 

To the niemor}- of the Confederate soldiers, who illustrated Wash- 
ington County on many battle-fields. 

A Hero's crown is thine forever. 
There are deeds which should not pass away; 
And names that can not be forgotten. 

Under her presidency the Association has, each year, executed 
most beautiful memorial exercises, and we have been taught, 
"To live in the hearts of those who love us, is not to die." To 
her persistent, patient efforts is due the fact that our Memorial 
Association still lives, for these Associations are rapidly being 
merged into the United Daughters of the Confederacy, and we 
are onN a remnant left of those who were first inspired to "keep 
their memories green." Max her mantle fall on worthy shoulders. 



Description of Monuments Erected to the Confederate Dead. 
Savannah, Georgia. 
Monument Erected to the 
Gettysburg Dead. 



Througli Capt. Dickerson's generosity, the statue of Silence, 
which was originally intended for the Confederate Monument 
in Parade Grounds, was placed on a pedestal over the Gettys- 
burg Dead in Confederate Lot, at Laurel Grove. The ivy which 
clusters around the base of this mounment was brought from 
Gettysburg with the dead. 

On the west side is the following inscription: 

" To the Confederate Dead. 
Here rest "till Roll Call' 
The men of Gettysburg." 

— 156 — 




MONUMENT TO THE GETTYSBURG DEAD, 
Laurel Grove Cemetery, Savannah, Georgia- 



On the south : 



" Tread lightly ! for each man bequeathed, 
Ere placed beneath this sod, 
His ashes to his native land, 
His gallant soul to God." 

On the north : 

" On Fame's eternal camping ground. 
Their silent tents are spread. 
And glory guards, with silent round. 
The bivouac of the Dead." 

To the Confederate Dead. 
Erected by the " Savannah Memorial Association." 

The corner stone was hiid on June 19, 1874, City Council, Mili- 
tary and Masons taking part. Address delivered by Capt. Geo. 
Mercer. Monument was unveiled May 24, 1875. Address 
delivered by Hon. Julian Hartridge. By request of the Asso- 
ciation Gen. J. E. Johnston acted as Grand Marshal. The 
bronze statue of a Confederate soldier at parade rest, which 
surmounts the monument, was presented to the Association by 
Mr. De Eenne, who also presented the iron railing around the 
enclosure. 

On the die of the monument is the inscription : 

" Come from the four winds, Oh, breath 
And breathe upon these slain that they may live !" 



LADIES' MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
SPAETA, GEOEGIA. 

As early as 1866, the patriotic and devoted ladies of this 
noble old comity began to decorate with the first flowers of 
Spring the graves of our soldiers, who were buried in reach of 
their loving homage. Sighs and tears were wafted to the 
unmarked mounds where some bleeding heart knew its loved 
one lay, sleeping in peaceful rest, all unaware of the pall of defeat 
which overhung the Southland they had died to save. 

At the first mention of a Memorial Association which should 
band us together in sympathetic union, the idea was accepted 
with a unanimity beautiful to contemplate. On the 26th of April, 
1874, our organization was perfected and for years we had 
regular, formal meetings. We cannot claim, however, that we 

— 157 — 



have maintained a systematised form diiring the latter years. 
We held our meetings after our memorial exercises, and the 
Officers and Executive Committee were residents of Sparta, 
and planned and prepared the celebration of the day. This we 
have varied with music, orations, recitations, tableaux, etc., all 
embodying the sentiments of the memories we mean to per- 
petuate. In 1903 we had the Adjutant of our Veteran's Camp 
to call the roll of all our "Hancock Companies," requesting 
some comrade to make statement of death, or present home, 
adding any incident of special interest associated with army 
record. It was pronounced one of our happiest efforts ! 

In the distressed and impoverished condition of our people, 
we did not — we could not — attempt to remove our distant dead, 
but we resolved to build a monument which should represent 
to every bereaved heart a memorial of its 'loved and lost." This 
was consummated in 1881, and though by no means an elegant 
or imposing structure, it is sacredly beautiful to the earnest, 
devoted women who labored with untiring energy to accomplish 
tins object. Its base is of granite, the gift of a patriotic citizen, 
right out of the heart of the old county which gave them to the 
cause, and was hauled by the eager kindness of those, glad of an 
oppottimity to show their interested co-operation in our work. 
This base is surmounted by a marble column, bearing on one 
tablet the inscription, " In Memoriam to our Confederate Dead ;" 
on another, "Erected by the Ladies' Memorial Association, 1881 ;" 
on third, " Georgia's was the word, and their's the will to die;" 
and on fourth, the Confederate Seal. It is located on a lot one 
hundred feet square, in front of and on oppostie side of street 
from Court House. This lot was donated by the Grand Jury and 
enclosed by the Municipal Board by a beautiful iron fence with 
gates opening on walks leading up to the monument from 
every side. The squares thus formed are covered with grass, 
studded with choice shrubbery and border plants. Every 
Memorial Day our monument is wreathed with evergreens, token 
in our unforgetting hearts ! We claim every man, woman and 
rected flowers of the Spring time, as fresh and sweet as the love 
in our unforgetting hearts ! We claim every man, woman and 
child as members of our Association, levying a tax of ten cents 
per annum, thus securing a fund for necessary expenditures. 
We proudly believe there are none more loyal or more faith- 
ful, as is evinced by their constant attendance at our annual 

— 16i — 



memorial exercises and their ready response to our calls. We 
have kept our soldiers' graves marked with wooden crosses 
which require frequent renewal, but we intend substituting these 
with more durable headstones of marble or granite and are 
arranging plans for this purpose. As our veteran heroes answer 
the final roll-call, we shall honor each resting place with our 
chosen memorial, till the last shall be laid away and we shall 
follow them to the land of everlasting peace! Though our 
country was engulfed by an overwhelming tide and her defeated 
sword was returned to its scabbard to be drawn never more, we 
still glory in the thought 

" None ever waved from stain so free, 
Nor purer sword led braver band, 
Nor braver bled, for a brighter land. 
Nor brighter land had a cause so grand, 
Sleeping proudly, and peacefully!" 



LADIES' MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION-, 
THOMSON, GEOEGIA. 

The Confederate Monument in Thomson, Georgia, was erected 
by the Ladies' Memorial Association, April 26, 1896. Mrs. 
Thomas J. Hamilton was the organizer and first President of 
the Association, one of the first to be organized in the South, 
and she served it faithfully from the date of organization until 
her death. The veterans never had a more loyal and earnest 
friend. She worked earnestly for twenty-five years to secure 
the monument, adding a little every year to the fund. Un- 
daunted by the lack of support, she persevered until success 
crowned her noble efforts, and the day on which the monument 
was unveiled was the happiest day of her life. Her death 
occurred two years ago,— she was tenderly carried to her last 
resting place, under the folds of our beloved flag, on a flag 
draped bier. The members of the Memorial Association wilt 
erect a monument to her memory. Our First Vice-President,. 
Mrs. N". L. Evans, has labored lovingly and successfully to. 
this end, and preparations are now being made to unveil the- 
monument on Memorial Day. 

The Association is placing memorial tablets to the memory 
of the captains of companies that left Thomson for the seat of 
war and served faithfully until the surrender. Mrs. E. S.. 

— 159 — 



Harrison, Jr., succeeded lier mother as President, and is loyal to 
a solemn promise made to her noble mother, that she would 
continue this memorial work, so dear to her mother's heart. 
Mrs. Harrison is the daughter of Captain Thomas J. Hamilton, 
of the Hamilton Rangers. The present officers are: ^Irs. E. S. 
Harrison, Jr., President; Mrs. N. L. Evans, First Vice-Pre?ident; 
;Mrs. ^lary Martin, Second Vice-President; Mrs. H. Johnson, 
Treasurer and Secretary; Mrs. J. B. Neal, Corresponding 
Secretary. 

]\[rs. Ophelia Neal. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL, ASSOCIATION", 
WASHINGTON, GEORGIA. 
The Ladies' Memorial Association, of Washington, Georgia, 
was organized in 1887 with a small number of enthusiastic 
workers. We now have fifteen members on our roll, all of 
whom are earnest women, thoroughly interested in the work. We 
have quarterly meetings and pay one dollar annual dues. 
]\Iemorial Day is appropriately observed, under the auspices of 
the Memorial Association. On that day we serve a fine dinner 
to the A'eterans, and it is much appreciated. We have furnished 
marble slabs or markers for all the soldiers' graves. We have 
joined the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and 
are interested in every thing connected with the great work of 
preserving the record and perpetuating the memory of those 
who lost their lives in the struggle for States Rights. The 
officers serving at present are: Mrs. S. A. Dillard, President; 
Mrs. C, E. Irvin, Vice-President; Mrs. I. T. Irvin, Treasurer; 
l^Irs. G. A. Poche, Recording Secretary. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
WAYNESBORO, GEORGIA. 

In September, 18GG, Mrs. Virginia Blount Rodgers issued a 
call through the local newspapers to the women of Burke County 
to as.semble in the Court house for the purpose of organizing 
a " Ladies' Memorial Association." A large number responded 
and the association was organized as follows: Mrs. M. A. Mac- 

— 160 — 




CONI-HI)hKAl H iWUNUMENT, 

Unveiled 1877. 

Waynesboro, Georgia. 



Kenzie, President; Miss Ruth Harlow, Treasurer, and Mrs. 
A^irginia Blount Eodgers Secretary. The Vice-Presidents were 
selected from the Country Churches located in different sections 
of the County. There was no enrollment of members. The 
officers were elected to conduct the business of the Association; 
every woman who was in sympathy with the Confederate cause 
was an accepted member. The purpose of the Association was 
stated to be a desire to keep alive the memory of the valor and 
devotion of the Confederate soldiers to the cause they knew 
to be right, to gather from scattered and neglected graves the 
remains of our soldiers hastily buried where they fell in Burke 
County, to give them Christian burial in the village cemetery, 
to honor their memory by decorating their graves with flowers 
once a year on a day set apart for paying this tribute of love, 
and to erect a monument to the Confederate dead of Burke 
County. 'No time was lost in locating the graves of twelve 
soldiers who had been buried along the roadside where they 
were killed in a skirmish with Kilpatrick's cavalry, between 
Walker's Bridge and Old Church, on the afternoon of November 
the 34th, 1864, and removing these bodies to a soldiers' section. 

On April 26th, 1867, the Ladies' Memorial Association, the 
school children and citizens met around the graves of these 
soldiers to cover them with flowers and to listen to the story of 
their brave struggle told by Colonel John D. Ashton. How our 
hearts burned within us, with what pride and enthusiasm we 
listened to him, as he recounted the bravery, the heroism and 
the suffering of our boys in gray. Few could tell the story in 
words as thrilling as his, and few indeed there were among his 
listeners who had not some loved one, father, husband, brother 
or son, who had not willingly given his life for the cause which 
henceforth was to be but a memory. And, as we lovingly, 
tenderly placed our flowers on the sod that covered men that we 
knew only as Southern soldiers, the thought came to some of 
us that other Southern women were doing the same on many 
an " Unknown " grave of our own, perhaps, in some far away 
Confederate burial ground. 

" Unknown is all thy epitaph can tell, 
If Jesus knows thee — all is well." 

From the date of our organization, constant and continuous 
-effort was made to raise money for a Confederate monument. 
Very little help came from the Vice-Presidents in the country, 

— 161 — 



but the women in Wa3Taesboro never flagged. Concerts, ice 
cream festivals, cliildren's !May parties were given, and on April 
26th, 187G, Mrs. Annie Mandell Mimnerlyn, Treasurer, reported 
$350.00 in hand. By unfortunate investment we had lost $100.00, 
and about $20.00 had been expended in exliuming and reinterring 
the bodies of the soldiers. Thus it will be seen that altogether, 
the association had collected about $470.00. In these days of 
peace and prosperity the amount may seem small, but this 
money was raised during the days of re-construction, and was 
given of our poverty and self-denial. 

After memorial exercises at the soldiers' section April 26th, 
1876, an election for officers was held, resulting in Mrs. Moselle 
Carswell Wilkins being elected President, and Mrs. Leora Aze- 
liue Lawson, Secretary and Treasurer. Steps were immediately 
taken to erect a monument, and the contract was made with 
Theodore Markwalter for $375.00. Mr. Joseph Meyers con- 
tributed twenty-five dollars to this fund. A meeting of the 
association was held to decide upon the location of the monu- 
ment, the question being settled by a small majority that in 
the cemetery near the soldiers' section was the most fitting place. 
January 27th, 1877, the corner stone was laid with masonic 
ceremonies by Grand Master John S. Davidson, F. and A. M, 
On Memorial Day following, our monument was unveiled by 
Sergeant Robert A. Lawson of the Stonewall Eifles. Judge 
Robert A. Falligant was orator of the occasion, and his reputa- 
tion for brilliant oratory lost none of its lustre in the beautiful 
speech he delivered to a large assemblage. The monument was 
of granite, fifteen feet high, with tablets of white marble with 
the inscriptions : " To our Confederate dead ;" " Erected by the 
Ladies' Memorial Association of Burke County, April 26th, 
1877;" "In a country's memory her heroes are immortal;" 
" They who die for their country fill honored graves." 

Our soldiers' section is substantially inclosed by a brick 
coping; each grave marked with a marble head-stone, with name 
and command as far as obtainable. Seven are marked " Un- 
known." The section is sodded and neatly kept. The associa- 
tion has also the care of the graves of Capt. Walter Thompson, 
Col. John R. Sturgess and George F. Lawson in a private 
section, which is marked like the others. With the monument 
erected, soldiers' section inclosed, each grave marked, there 
seemed little work for us to do and for a number of years na 



— 1«2 — 



meetings were called. Our President arranged the program and 
procession for each Memorial Day, which always includes our 
Veterans, Daughters of the Confederacy, the school children, 
local military, the officials of the municipality and citizens. 

On January 18th, 1899, Mrs. Lawson, the sole remaining 
officer of the Ladies' Memorial Association, called together the 
women of Waynesboro and vicinity to decide whether the Ladies' 
Memorial Association should be continued. By unanimous vote 
it was determined that this pioneer Association for the preser- 
vation of Confederate memoiics and sentiment sJiould he perpet- 
uated. The following officers were elected to serve one year: 
Mrs. Leora Azeline Lawson, President ; Mrs. Inez Wilkins Jones, 
First Vice-President; Mrs. Walker McCathern, Second Vice- 
President; Mrs. F. B. Whitehead, Secretary, and Mrs. Annie 
Munnerlyn, Treasurer. It would be hard indeed to get together 
a more enthusiastic crowd of women than those assembled on 
that cold January afternoon. The interest in the Memorial 
Association that had lain dormant, not dead, for so long, was 
now active again — that there was something to do. Before that 
meeting ended, it was decided to remove the monument to the 
principal thoroughfare of the town, and a committee was ap- 
pointed to ask the City Council for permission to re-erect it 
at the intersection of Liberty and Peace streets. Committees 
were also appointed to solicit contributions from the Council, 
County Board of Commissioners, and other sources, and to ask 
for estimates on the work. On February 4th, a contract was 
signed with Mr. W. F. Bowe for $430.00, he agreeing to take 
do^vn, re-hammer and set up the old monument, also to add to 
its height five feet. The expense to the association was materi- 
ally lessened by the kindness of Wilkins & Jones in doing all 
the necessary hauling free of charge. April 26th, 1899, was a 
proud day in the history of our association. Our monument 
improved, was in place in the most conspicuous thoroughfare 
of the town, that all might see and know how Southern love 
remembers. One corner of the base was left open for placing of 
the corner stone. The stone was laid by Hon. W. A. Davis, G. 
M., F. and A. M., he using the trowel that was used twenty-two 
years previous for the laying of the corner stone of the old 
monument. The Millen and Waynesboro Lodges F. and A. M. 
assisted in this beautiful ceremony. After the services at the 
monument the march to the cemetery was resumed, to decorate 

— 163 — 



the soldiers' graves and to listen to a fine memorial address 
by the Plon. Walter C. Hartridge. The memorial oration in 
1900 was delivered by Mr. Thos W. Hardwick. On May 31st, 
1900, the last payment was made for the work, the full amount 
being $419.05. This money was raised by donations from the 
Board of County Commissioners, City Council of Waynesboro, 
Margaret Jones Chapter United Daughters of the Cpnfederacy, 
Waynesboro History Circle, Public School Children, and contri- 
butions through the Ladies' Memorial Association, the largest 
individual contribution being twenty-five dollars from Mr. J. 
E. Schneider. Chancellor Walter B. Hill, of the University 
of Georgia, made the memorial address in 1901 ; Capt. Floyd 
Lawson Scales, of the Burke Light Infantry, in 1902. 

In all of our processions and programs, our dear old Veterans 
have always the post of honor, escorted by the local military 
company. Since the organization of the H. H. Perry Chapter, 
Children of the Confederacy, they also have been included. 
Our record is, that from 18G7 to 1903, ^lemorial Day has been 
made the occasion of paying homage to the memory of our 
Confederate dead, and our children taught over and over again, 
in story and in song, that Southern Soldiers were not rebels, but 
patriots, who in the words of our own Gen, John B. Gordon, 
" Fought the bravest fight in the world against the greatest 
odds." The present officers, who were elected in 1901 and 
re-elected in January, 1902, are: Mrs. Leora Azeline Lawson, 
President; Mrs. Annie R. Munnerl}Ti, First Vice-President; 
Mrs. L. F. Roberts, Second Vice-President; Mrs. Inez Wilkins 
Jones, Secretary; ilrs. Rosa Moore McMaster, Treasurer. 

Mrs. Leora Azelixe Lawsox, 

President. 



— 1C4 — 




PRESIDENTS OF MEMORIAL ASSOCIATIONS. 
I. Mrs. A. McC. Kimbrough, 2. Mrs. A. M. Aiken. 



Greenwood, Mississippi. 
3. Mrs. E. S. Harrison. Jr., 

Thomson, Georgia. 
5. Mrs. S. M. Davis-Roy, 

Front Royal, Virginia. 



Danville, Virginia. 
4. Mrs- M. W. Camper, 

Florence, Alabama. 
6. Mrs. Zylla Moore Cardin, 

View, Kentucky. 




TU^IVI I! ^f^ 



ELIZA EASTOX SHANNO?sT MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
VIEW, KENTUCKY. 

This Memorial Association of Kentiickians was organized Feb- 
ruary 12th, 1904, at View, Kentucky, with the following officers : 
Mrs. Zylla Moore Cardin, President; Mrs. Victoria Shannon 
Moore, Vice-President; Mrs. E. M. Taylor, Second Vice-Presi- 
dent; Mrs. Gus Taylor, Third Vice-President; Mrs. John Wilson, 
Treasurer; Miss Evelyn Shelby, Recording Secretary; Mrs. Jas. 
C. Baker, Corresponding Secretary. 

Present or former residence in Kentucky, or descent from an 
ancestor who lived in Kentucky, is a requisite for membership. 
In one month our society has enrolled members in Texas and 
Missouri, and in many counties of Kentucky. In the name of 
our organization we desire to perpetuate the name of some 
notable women born in Kentucky. In selecting Eliza Easton 
Shannon, the mother of our first Vice-President, and grand- 
mother of our Organizer and President, we pay tribute to one 
who lived in, and was an ornament to, three Republics — The 
United States of America, The Republic of Texas, and The 
Confederate States of America. We were received, February 
23, 1904, in the Confederated Southern Memorial Association. 

Our plans include: 1st. Active co-operation in any work the 
Confederated Southern Memorial Association may be engaged 
in, while we remain members of that body; 2nd. Collecting 
funds for the Jefferson Davis monument, and such other monu- 
ments and memorials as commemorate the deeds of our beloved 
Confederacy ; 3rd. The Celebration of Memorial Day. 

Mrs. James C. Baker, 
Corresponding Secretary.. 



— 165 



LADIES' COXFEDERATE MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA. 

The ladies of the Confederate Memorial Association, of Baton 
Rouge, Louisiana, with pardonable pride, take the privilege of 
reviewing the birth and early stages of the organization, as its 
incipiency was as fraught with poetry and pathos as it subse- 
quent career has been one of successful usefulness. 

The Association was organized in 1891, by the late lamented 
Mrs. Johanna Fox Waddill, one of those bright Angels of love 
and mercy, whose strength of character, and undying devotion 
to the cause they loved, shone forth in the South's darkest hour 
and scathed its anguish in time of sorest need. 

Mrs. Waddill was of that type of woman, who, forgetful 
of aught else, except the dying cry of her wounded Countr}-, 
devoted her young life to the care of the sick and bleeding 
Confederacy, and in the hospitals, where the shattered and 
maimed bodies of the boys in Gray lay strewn like broken sea 
weed rent by the angry surge of battle, this ministering angel of 
grace, by her tender care of the wounded and dying, found a 
place in each heart that shall never be effaced. 

Until her death, which occurred on January 27th, 1899, she 
was faithful to the cause she loved and was made honorary 
member of Camp No. 17, United Confederate "Veterans, and 
the local Chapter United Daughters of the Confederacy, adopted 
her name as a testimonial to this Southern heroine. 

No monument of stone marks the last resting place of Johanna 
Waddill, but her memory is enshrined in the hearts of those 
wlio wore the Gray, and the richest legacy they shall bequeath to 
their children and grandchildren, shall be the memory of this 
noble Southern woman. 

Johanna Waddill was Organizer and first President of the 
Association during her life and when death removed her to a 

— iGt; — 



MRS. M. LOUISE BENTON GARNER-GRAHAM, 

Vice-President for Louisiana, Confederated Soutliern 'Memorial Association, 

New Orleans, Louisiana. 



better land to enjoy the fruits of her life, well spent, the mantle 
of Presidencj^ settled upon the shoulders of Mrs. J. W. Bates, 
an active and zealous co-worker in the cause of love and 
rememberance. 

Since its organization the Association has erected no less 
than two hundred head stones on the hitherto unmarked graves 
of the South's bravest and best. On all occasions the Association 
stands ready and has responded with zeal and alacrity to every 
call when the honoring of the Southern dead or attention to the 
living demands their services. 

On the occasions of the various reunions, memorials and 
other similar events, it has been with willing hands that they 
have fashioned garlands to twine around the white head-stones 
that their own fair hands have erected; or provided cheer for 
those who still remain of that proud host that followed where 
Lee and Jackson lead. 

On these occasions they have remembered also those who wore 
the blue and died in a cause they deemed Just, to lie in unmarked 
graves away from home and loved ones, in a distant, foreign 
land. 

As the Veterans are slowly, and one by one answering the last 
roll call, so is the membership of the Association being decim- 
ated by the hand of time; and the vacancies so created in our 
ranks, appeal most forcibly to the young, and invites them to 
enlist their good offices in the aim and interest of the Association ; 
and in so doing they shall perpetuate the glory and untarnished 
fame of the Southland and by each action so directed acquit 
themselves of a patriotic duty and sacred trust. 

The monument to the Confederate Dead was erected in 1886,, 
by the men and women of East and West Baton Rouge. 

Mrs. W. a. Hurst, 

Secretary. 



— 167 — 



1-ADIES' COXFEDERATE MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION", 
NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA. 

In 1S61 Louisiana seceded from the Union and her gallant 
sons answered her call in defence of the great principle of State 
Sovereignty guaranteed by the Constitution of the L^'nited 
States. In all portions of the State regiments were formed, 
and despatclied to the seat of war. With hearts tlirilled with 
patriotic pride our women bade adieu through tear dimmed 
•eyes to father, brother, husband, son, aye and sweetheart too, 
as thoy answered the call to arms. War is dreadful, it means 
hardship and privation to tlie brave men who enlist, and brings 
sorrow and desolation to the loved ones, patiently watching and 
praying at home. Realizing the necesity for action, a group of 
noble women responded to the call of Mrs. W. H. McLellan and 
organized the " Ladies' Aid Society," the object of which was to 
provide clothing and uniforms for our State troops. During 
the month of June, 1861, these ladies met at the residence of 
Mrs. P. Fayssoux to begin their labor of love. Mrs. ]\IcLellan 
and her daughter, Mrs. C. I. Fayssoux, having been instructed 
pre^^ously in tailoring, were prepared to superintend the work. 
Among those most actively interested may be mentioned: Mrs. 
W. H. :McLellan, the founder, IMrs. P. Fayssoux, Mrs. C. I. 
Fayssoux, Mrs. Jonathan Alston, Mrs. Archibald Mitchell, Mrs. 
Mary Newman, Mrs. L. Howe, Miss Hattie Brittin and Mrs. 
F. E. Elliotte.* 

In a short time the Askew Guards, Captain Andrew Brady, 
was fitted out with uniforms by these faithful workers. This 
company left New Orleans for Camp Pulaski, July 7th, and 
thence to Riclimond, Virginia, August 2Gth. Finding it neces- 
sary to have a more commodious place of meeting, ]\Irs. Jonathan 
Alston procured a vacant liousc wlioie the ladies met to sew, 
and wliere they stored blankets and other articles donated for 
the use and comfort of our soldier boys. Bolts of calico to be 
nuKJe into quilts, a bale of cotton and a number ol' blankets 
were among the contributions received. A large rubber piano 
cover, which was donated by a patriotic housekeeper, was con- 
verted into two waterproof coats, to be worn by sentinels on 
picket duty. ^lany well filled boxes found their way to the 
various camps. This line of work was continued until the City 

•Mrs. McLeUan's son. Captain Charles W. Mc'Lellan, enlisted in the Crescent 
Rifles. Seventh Louisiana Regiment, in 1861. anil was killed in defence of Richmond 
-on June 1st. 1864. 

— 168 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1886. 

Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 



of New Orleans fell into the hands of the Federals. Previous 
to the capture of the city many soldiers came in from the 
adjacent States, those from Texas were quartered in the cotton 
presses. There was a great deal of sickness among the men, 
and they were visited by the ladies; many were too ill to remain 
at the cotton presses; these were removed to the homes of Mrs. 
Jonathan Alston, Mrs. Warner and Mrs. (Dr.) Henderson, 
where they received every possible attention. After the city 
capitulated all articles in the possession of the "Ladies' Aid 
Society" were sold, the cotton brought twenty cents a pound. 
The money obtained from these sales was used to pay rents and 
supply food and clothing to the wives and children of the men 
who were fighting for home and property. All who were in 
need, were assisted until the close of the war, but this work had 
to be conducted with the greatest caution and secrecy. The 
numberless acts of atrocity and outrage and the famous order 
No. 28,* which characterized the administration of Benjamin 
F. Butler, when Commander of the Department of the Gulf, 
will not be mentioned in this history; that we, the women of 
New Orleans, whom he termed "she adders," were loyal through 
every persecution is our proudest boast. When the last sad echo 
of battle and defeat resounded throughout our beautiful South- 
land and stilled forever the hopes and aspirations of those who 
wore the gray, a sad spectacle was presented to our devoted 
women. Men who four years before had left home in all the 
strength and vigor of perfect manhood, were returning maimed, 
crippled, penniless, bereft of all save honor, and utterly unable 
to assume the numerous responsibilities confronting them in 
order to begin life anew. The changed conditions necessitated 
a re-organization of the "Ladies' Aid Society," — it was chartered 
and adopted a Constitution and By-laws, in order that the neces- 
sary work could be the more successfully accomplished. In 
May, 186G, at the suggestion of Mrs. H. T. Bartlett, the ladies 
met at her residence and re-organized under the name of the 
"Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association." The objects were 
three fold : 

* Headquarters Department of the Gulf. 

New Orleans. May 15, 1862 
General Orders No. 28 

As the officers and soldiers of the United States have been subject to repeated 
insults from the women Ccalling themselves ladies) of New Orleans, in return for 
the most scrupulous non-inteference and courtesy on our part, it is ordered that 
hereafter when any female shall by word, gesture or movement insult or show con- 
tempt for any officer or soldier of the United States she shall be regarded and held 
liable to be treated as a woman of the town plying- her avocation. 

By command of Major-General Butler. 

— 169 — 



1st. To provide artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers, no^ 
public provision having been made for such. 

2nd. To mark and protect the graves of the Confederate dead, 
and when deemed necessary and found practicable to remove their 
remains for more perfect and satisfactory protection. 

3rd. To aid and assist the destitute widows and orphans of 
Confederate soldiers. The officers elected were: Mrs. H. T. Bart- 
lett, President; j\Irs. Geo. W. Pritchard, Vice-President; Miss C. 
Hubbard, Corresponding Secretary; Mrs. E. M. Lacey, Record- 
ing Secretary; !Mrs. Eisdon D. Gribble, Treasurer. Board of 
Directors to serve until the first Wednesday in ]\Iay, 1867, and 
until their successors shall be elected and qualified, viz : Mrs. 
Harry T. Hays, Mrs. W. S. Mount, Mrs. I. L. Crawcour, Mrs. 
Henry Ginder, Mrs. W. C. Black, Mrs. Theodore Shute, Mrs. J.. 
K. Gutheim, Miss M. McCoard, Mrs. T. B. Heard, Mrs. ]?. H. 
Browne, Mrs. J. J. Lyons, Mrs. J. C. Keener, l\rrs. V. Harper, 
Mrs. J. 0. Harris, Mrs. M. E. Randall. Board of counsel: Wm. 
M. Perkins, M. Musson, Wm. A. Yiolett, Colonel Thomas L. 
Bayne, General Harry T. Hays. 

During the first year Mrs. Bartlett resigned on account of 
absence from the country, and Mrs. George W. Pritchard was 
elected President. At that time Major-Gcncral Phil. H. Sheri- 
dan was in command of the Department of the Gulf, and hearing 
of the purposes of the ladies stated that no association bearing 
the title "Confederate" could organize under existing laws. 
Xot to be foiled, the ladies declared that they would continue 
their work under another name, as the title of the association 
mattered little, compared with the work to be accomplished. 
It was then decided to change the name to the "Ladies' Benevo- 
lent Association of Louisiana," to adopt a Constitution and' 
By-laws and make immediate application for a charter. The 
correspondence between Major-General Phil. H. Sheridan and 
the District Attorney of the State here follows : 

Headquarters Department of the Gulf, 
New Orleans, La., Sept. 14, 1866. 
Mrs. C. M. Pritchard, New Orleans, La. : 

Madam — I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your note 
of the 13th inst., and have read the Constitution of "Ladies' Benevo- 
lent Association of Louisiana." 

I have no objection to the purposes of the Association, and trust that 
the high character of the ladies connected with it will confine it strictlv 
to the objects set forth. 

I am very respectfully, Your obedient servant. 

P. H. Sheridan, 
Major General, U. S. A.. 
— 170 — 



New Orleans, La.^ Oct. 6, 1866. 

I, Charles H. Luzenberg, District Attorney of the First Judicial Dis- 
trict, State of Louisiana, herel)y certify that I have examined the fore- 
going " Constitution and By-Laws " of the " Ladies' Benevolent As- 
sociation OF Louisiana/' and am of the opinion that the purposes and 
objects of the said Association are legal, and that none of the pro- 
visions in said " Constitution and By-Laws " are contrary to law. 

C. H. LuzENBERGj District Attorney. 
First Judicial District, State of Louisiana. 

As will be seen the " Ladies' Benevolent Association of Louisi- 
ana " was the successor of the Ladies' Aid Societ}^ and was 
organized May 10, 1866, and was chartered in October of the 
same year. In December, 1866, a grand bazaar was held under 
the auspices of the Ladies' Benevolent Association, the net 
proceeds of which amounted to $15,031.70, and with donations 
from other sources, this sum was increased to $30,002.58. In 
the first annual report it is stated that the total amount expended 
for artificial limbs, rental of homes, the subsistence of widows 
and orphans of Confederate soldiers, the transportation of 
soldiers to their homes, and for the removal and reburial of the 
dead, was $11,765.34, leaving in the treasury a balance of 
$8,337.00 with which to continue the work inaugurated by the 
Association. The ladies continued to raise funds for these 
specific purposes, and above all it held most sacred the removal 
of the dead, their re-burial and eventually to erect a monument 
over these sacred remains. The Firemen's Charitable and 
Benevolent Association, touched by the devotion of these noble 
women, generously donated a plat of ground in the Greenwood 
Cemetery, offering it as the site upon which the proposed 
monument should be erected. From 1866 till 1874 very few 
changes took place in the personnel of the Association ; its finan- 
cial condition was prosperous ; its receipts from all sources during 
this time amounted to $39,907. From this sum $18,533 was 
expended for charitable purposes, and the remaining $11,385 
were used in paying for the crypt, the removal and re-burial of 
several hi^ndred soldiers and erecting the monument. Among 
the most generous contributors to this fund was Mr. Paul 
Tulane, a former resident of New Orleans, but at that time 
residing in New Jersey. He was unable to reach New Orleans 
in time to be present at the dedication of the monument, to 
which he had been invited, but he sent his check for three hun- 
dred dollars to the ladies of the Association. Arrangements had 
been made to dedicate the monument on April 6th, the anni- 

— 171 — 



versary of the battle of Shiloh, but owing- to the inclemency of 
the weather the ceremony was postponed until April 10th. By 
a singular coincidence the day chosen was the birthday of 
General Leonidas Polk, Avhose bust ornaments one side of the 
monument. The following description of the monument and an 
account of the dedication ceremony, taken from one of the 
principal newspapers on the day following, will be read 
with interest. It will bo seen that Kev. B. ^I. Palmer, 
D. D., was present to invoke God's blessing, and the Pev. 
Dr. I.eacock, who bade the soldiers God speed and blessed 
their banners as they marched forth to battle for Southern 
Eights, was there also and pronounced the last solemn benedic- 
tion, while the Hon. Horatio Nash Ogden, the distinguished 
orator of the day, held the multitude spellbound by his matchless 
eloquence, and Xariffa, our talented and gifted poetess (]\Irs. 
Gideon Townsend), paid her tribute in verse to the silent heroes 
of a cause which though " lost was still just." 

Dedicatiox of the Monument — Imposing Ceremonies. 

(From the Nczc Orleans Bulletin, April ii, 1874.) 

The day set apart for the dedication of the ]\Ionunicut to the 
Confederate Dead Ity the Ladies' Benevolent Association of 
Louisiana, dawned bright and clear and remained so until 
rosy sunset, while nature wore its sweetest smiles as if in apjiro- 
bation of the event. The very fields and pastures seemed to 
partake of the spirit of deep solemnity and respect which had 
gathered the immense throngs about the spot for the worthy 
purpose of paying their tribute of respect to the dead, and also 
to behold the consummation of Southern woineu's indomitable 
energy. 

The attendance was immense. Long before the appointed 
hour, hundreds assembled around the cherished place, and still 
tliey came pouring in from the fast arriving cars in one solid 
stream, soon swelling the sea of heads to thousands. Tlioro 
must have been at least five thousand present. Waiting for 
the commencement of the dedicatory ceremonies, a l»and in at- 
tendance discoursed sweet music whili' tlic fair hands of many 
tender-hearted women and children deposited their floral offer- 
ings about the base of the monument, which soon presented one 
solid mass of flowers. Varied and interesting to observe were 
the expressions of physiognomy. The old, with tearful eyes at 

— 172 — 




MRS. ALICE WHITING WATERMAN, 
Native of Baton Rouge, La., who cared for the graves of the Confed- 
erate Prisoners who Died at Madison, Wisconsin. 



the memory of dear ones lost, placed their flowers and stepped 
aside; the children approached the spot with a smile on their 
pretty, bright faces, their little hearts swelling with pride and 
pleasure at the honor of paying their floral tribute to the memory 
of those who had met with a brave and honorable death. 

The monument is a masterpiece of art. It stands upon an 
elevated quadrilateral and pyramidal mound, the base of which 
is surrounded by a granite edge. Steps of the same material 
lead to the top of the mound, where is a terrace paved Avith 
granite, and upon this is placed the monument proper. It is a 
column of the finest Italian marble, beautifully designed and 
executed, surmounted by the life size standing figure of a 
Confederate soldier, fully equipped and apparently on picket 
duty, resting on his gun. The eyes are intently fixed upon some 
distant point, and the expression of the face is one of beautiful 
earnestness and firmness. About the four sides of the monument 
are the busts and striking likenesses of Generals "Stonewair 
Jackson, Albert Sidney Johnston, Polk and Lee. 

On the front is the following inscription : 

In commemoijation of 

The heroic virtues of the 

Confederate Soldier, 

This Monument is erected by the 

Ladies' Benevolent Association of Louisiana. 

Oration by Hon. Horatio ¥. Ogden. 

I am profoundly affected by the solemnity of the occasion 
which has called us together. Standing here beside this noble 
monument, beneath whose solid base repose the ashes of our 
gallant dead ; surrounded Ijy this living throng, expected to 
speak the praises of men whose merits are beyond expression, 
and that, in the hearing of an audience whose hearts are already 
bounding with enthusiastic admiration for their deeds of noble 
daring, I confess myself oppressed by a most painful conscious- 
ness of inability to discharge worthily the sacred duty devolved 
upon me. 

The occasion itself is so full of eloquence. The sad, sad facts 
are all so fresh in every memory. The desolations of the war 
still lie so heavily upon every portion of our devoted land — and 

— 173 — 



the wounds in those hearts whicli were called upon to give up 
their dearest treasures upon the hloody field of battle, are all so 
green and tender. The monument itself has such a living, 
breathing expression about it. It speaks to us to-day, in tones 
so melancholy, yet so distinct, of those brave men who died in 
our defence. To interrupt tlie current of your thouglits as you 
gaze upon the splendid work, seems almost profanation. Gaze 
on ! It covers your dead, and has been raised by pious hands to 
perpetuate their fame. 

Had the fortunes of war been different — had victory croMTied 
our well deserving arms, and had those splendid legions whose 
invincible courage has filled the world with admiration, come 
marching home in seried column to receive a new-born nation's 
gratitude, we might, perchance, have been to-day laying broad 
foundations for another monument like Bunker Plill, whose 
proud crest should rise until it "met the sun in his coming, the 
earliest lights of morning gilding, and the parting day lingering 
and playing upon its summit." Yon great city lying now so 
cjuiet beneath the slanting rays of the evening sun, as if wrapt 
in the spirit of this sacred spot — its energies all dead — its pros- 
perity gone — its every interest drooping and decaying — might 
to-day have been merely pausing in the midst of a splendid 
career of commercial prosperity — donning her robes of rejoicing, 
pealing out from her hundred belfrys her song of happiness, 
and pouring her sons and daughters in pride around a work 
intended to transmit and perpetuate the story of her power and 
greatness. 

How different the occasion which has called us forth. We are 
not here a conquering, but a conquered people. We have come 
in the face of defeat, disaster and suffering, with a country 
desolated and in ruins, simply to testify before the world, that 
we are faithful to our dead ; that time and misfortune have only 
served, and can only serve, to freshen and purify the eternal 
gratitude we feel to those noble men who laid down their lives 
for us. 

The most implacable hatred can follow no further than the 
portals of the grave — there all its offices and its powers of evil 
cease. While love, immortal essence, sweet flowret, drop from 
Heaven's own garden among the stinging thorns and briars of 
our sin cursed earth — love, passing beyond the tomb, delight^s 

— 174 — 



itself in the performance of tliese sacred rites which have 
assembled us to-day. 

We are here to celebrate the obsequies of our dead, and in the 
dedication of this noble structure, to pay a double and well 
deserved compliment at once to the valor of our men, and to the 
pious devotion of our women. For this work shall bear through 
all the ages that are to come, a silent but most impressive testi- 
mony, not alone to the gallantry of the Southern soldier, but at 
the same time, and with equal emphasis, to the self-sacrificing 
devotion of the Southern woman. 

What a fit sequel to the sad story of the war. The same love 
that watched with rmtiring vigilance at the bedside of the sick 
and dying — that moved without fear in the midst of the loath- 
some pestilence, and upon the dreadful field of strife — that 
hound up the soldier's bleeding wounds, and ministered to his 
every want, has at last, and under every discouragement, raised 
this magnificent monument to perpetuate the memory of his 
deeds. 

Let us pause a moment and consider briefly the history, the 
significance and the destiny of this memorial structure. Let us 
try to understand the lessons it may teach. Immediately after 
the cessation of hostilities, a few noble women organized them- 
selves into a society, and fitly naming it the "Ladies' Benevolent 
Association," set bravely forward upon the grand work of pro- 
viding necessities for the living and protection for the graves 
of dead Confederates. 

It was an awful hour ! The armies of the South had been 
defeated and overthrown, her splendid battalions, led on by 
captains whose renown has filled the earth, had been at last 
compelled to yield to overpowering numbers. Even the match- 
less hosts of Lee, which had never moved except to certain 
victory, compelled by pure exhaustion, had laid down those arms 
which for four long, weary years, had presented a wall of living 
fire to the invaders. The sword of the immortal chieftain 
himself, which had fiashed in the sunlight of Heaven upon a 
hundred victorious battle fields, was returned to its scabbard. 
We were a conquered people, and the Confederate soldier, foot- 
sore and heart-broken, turned his sorrowing face towards the 
home in which his hopes were treasured. 

A mantle of decay had fallen upon the entire land, from the 
Eio Grande to the Potomac. Everywhere poverty, distress and 

— 175 — 



wretchedness met his anxious eye. It seemed actually as if the 
wand of some fell magician had been invoked to transform the 
very earth and skies. All, all was changed. The victorious 
armies of tlie North had gone marching gaily homeward, "with 
all the pride and pomp and circumstances of glorious war," to 
meet the welcome of teeming cities and homes where plenty 
smiled in joyous expectation, while the poor Confederate soldier, 
the liero of a hundred battlefields — the gallant, noble, daring and 
chivalric defender of a people's rights and liberties, came wander- 
ing o'er desolated fields and blackened heaths, to find his home 
dismantled, his family in want, himself proscribed, and an alien 
upon the soil which gave him birth. 

It was at such a moment — a moment when the very heavens 
seemed hung in black, that these pure and noble matrons minis- 
tering always at love's sacred altar, conceived the heaven inspired 
thought, Avhich has found its consummation in this splendid 
testimonial which we unveiled to-day. 

Had this work been accomplished in a time of prosperity, and 
with means contributed from the superfluities of a fortunate and 
happy people — had it been raised to commemorate a successful 
event, who could tell how much of human vanity and human 
pride liad mingled with the purer elements of faith and love in 
its construction? It represents no successful, but a beaten 
cause. It has been erected, not from the superfluities of a pros- 
perous, but from tlie necessities of a ruined and impoverished 
])eople. It has about it much of the sweet air of charity, so 
beautifully illustrated in the Holy Scriptures, by the casting in 
of the widow's mite. Who then may doubt but that it is the 
simple gift of an adoring love? And who may say, hereafter, 
whether we have most to boast in the noble daring of our soldiers, 
or in the gentle love and fidelity of our noble women? 

In tlie rearing of this proud monument, the faith of woman 
has answered fully to the challenge of the soldiers' courage ; and 
henceforth it shall stand — the noble representative of those 
twin and intertwining ideas of a nation's grandeur, the courage 
of her sons, and the virtue of her daughters. Such an occasion 
should inspire us witli high purposes and resolves. There are 
sacred duties which we owe to these dead Confederates. We can 
not separate ourselves from them, even if we would. They are 
our dead brothers — indissolubly bound up with us in a sweet 
community of tradition, of suffering, of glory, and of destiny. 




"CONFEDERATE REST," 

In Memory of the Confederate "Prison Dead." 
Madison, Wisconsin. 



That was a noble devotion among the old Eomans which gave rise 
to the splendid fiction of their law, by which the men who had 
fallen in defence of the Eepnblic were not considered dead, but 
as living perpetually in the immortality of their fame. 

What would we have now, worth calling a possession, were it 
not for the memory of these dead men — were it not for the 
priceless legacy of fame they have given us? They have made 
our land illustrious, and in the midst of this dark night of our 
misfortune, are planted in the clear firmament of our skies, like 
so many stars of first magnitude, to reflect upon us the soft light 
of truth. Let us prize them as we ought. Oh ! if we had nothing 
left except the spotless character of our Lee, we would still be a 
rich people — rich in all that is worth preserving, all that shall 
endure — a nation's honor and renown. What a beautiful Provi- 
dence that was which lengthened out the life of this illustrious 
chieftain ! — that having moved the central figure in our great 
struggle for freedom, he might become our faithful guide in 
peace. He is, literally, the connecting link between the living 
and the dead Confederates. His life, resting as it did upon the 
two grand polar principles of truth and faith, teaches us the one 
sublime lesson of duty. Let us see to it, that the lesson is well 
learned. 

It is a proud thought that these monuments, which we are 
raising in our weakness, to commemorate the deeds of a fallen 
cause, are to become, at no distant day, ceiitres of universal 
attraction; — that this sacred spot will be never less loved, less 
faithfully tended than it is this evening. I may not now discuss 
the questions involved in these reflections, neither time nor the 
occasion permit. But I may tell you that the principles for 
which these men died ''are not dead, but sleeping," for they are 
the principles of the Constitution, and as indestructible as truth 
itself. There is a future of prosperity and happiness for 
Louisiana and the South. The night has been long and dreary, 
so long and so dreary that we have almost ceased to watch for 
the morning. But the day will break, and these fertile fields,, 
now lying fallow and waste in the long winter night of our mis- 
fortune, will be flooded with the genial light of liberty, and put 
on once more the gorgeous robes of plenty. Already the eastern 
horizon is tinged by the rosy fingers of Aurora, as she lifts the 
curtain of the slowly-coming day, and this noble statue of our 

— 177 — 



own dead soldier, like tlie famed statue of Memnon, will utter a 
joyful sound as the sun of liberty shall rise upon it. 

You and I may not live to see the day, but this splendid 
structure, freighted with the memories of our dead, will catch 
upon its crest the sunlight of that blessed da^v^l, and every 
sacred memory enshrined within it find voice and utterance for 
our vindication. Yes ! this solid monument, as the golden sun 
of liberty pours round its noble base, will sing to listening ears 
the story of our arms. It will sing of Chancellorsville, and of 
Fredericksburg, of Shiloh and Manassas. It will tell of our Lee, 
of our Jackson, of our Johnston, and our Polk, but above all, it 
will tell of the love that prompted, and of the devotion which 
has accomplished, under every circumstance of discouragement, 
this splendid testimonial to the memory of 

OUK DEAD ! 



ODE TO THE CONFEDERATE DEAD, BURIED IN 
GREENWOOD CEMETERY. 



Dedicated to the Ladies' Benevolent Association of Louisiana. 



M.\RY Ashley Townsend. 



Sons of the South ! on Southern soil 

Thy last white tent is builded ; 
Its walls by Southern midnights gloomed, 

By Soutliern mornings gilded. 
And Southern hearts and Southern lips. 

Meet here to tell the story 
Of heroes' lives, that passed from earth 

On Southern lields of glory. 

From proud Virginia's haughty hills, 

From Shiloh's verdant valley. 
Ye in your silent ranks have come 

To this your last grand rally. 
Here rest ! toward your camping ground 

No foeman's foot is springing; 
Sleep on, till down the line, the last 

Dead reveille is ringing. 

— 178 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1874. 
New Orleans, Louisiana. 



No tide of battle here will break 

The quiet of your sleeping; 
The Angel of Eternal Peace 

Enfolds you in his keeping. 
No bugle note, no rattling drum, 

Your pulses shall unloose; 
Ye rest beneath the sacred folds 

Of Death's own flag of truce. 

Whose were the dear home hands that held 

These hands at hour of parting? 
Whose fond lips cheered the soldier on 

While bitter tears were starting? 
Whose were the bleeding hearts that prayed 

These feet might never falter. 
And broke, in laying sacrifice 

Upon their country's altar? 

We know them not, nor e'er can know; 

But by affection's laws. 
All those are loved, who their beloved 

Gave for the common cause. 
Mother and sister, sweetheart and wife, 

The dust that here reposes 
Lies, dear to every Southern heart, 

Beneath these Easter roses. 

There is an ancient legend told. 

Of some saint, sage and hoary, 
Who spent his life in writing out 

The sacred Bible story. 
In after time, his opened tomb 

Showed that the saint had perished, 
All save the good right-hand, whose toil 

The Holy Book had cherished. 

And unto that, the story saith, 

Such attributes were given, 
That it, unblemished and unchanged. 

Went straightway up to Heaven : 
So would it seem the noble hearts 

That wrought this work of love. 
Required no earthly change to fit 

Them for the realms above. 

With tender care, they've gathered here. 

Safe from the scoffer's tread, 
A whole battalion strong, the files 

Of unknown soldier-dead. 

— 179 — 



Upon the couch thus gently smoothed. 

No care, no strife assailing, 
These calm unbroken ranks await 

The final vast unveiling. 

Shoulder to slioulder, side by side, 

In stately marching order, 
Their noble spirits have passed on 

Across the Silent Border. 
No earthly challenge halts them as 

They tread the starry arches. 
And pass through unknown, upper realms, 

O their mysterious marches. 

We can but ween above their clay, 

And hold this holy urn 
As something sacred, unto which 

Our hearts will ever turn. 
Oh, Marble Sentry ! guard them well, 

These children of a nation, — 
We leave them to the stars and thee, 

Grand in their desolation. 



With each recurring year Memorial Day is fittingly celebrated. 
For the first few years after the dedication, no rognlar program 
was observed, the ladies alone going to Greenwood to place flowers 
on the monnd, and wjien circumstances permitted, an appropri- 
ate oration was delivered. The speakers have been chosen always 
from the Veterans. Those who have been thus lionored are here 
nanicfl : lion. Iforatio Nash Ogden, General Chas. E. Hooker, 
of Mississippi, Hon. L. D. Sandidge, Colonel A. J. Lewis, 
Rev. Thos. R. IMarkham, D. D., Hon. Chas. E. Fenner, Hon. 
Thos. J. Semmes, Hon. Feli.x V. Poche, Colonel Eugene Wagga- 
man, Hon. Walter H. Rogers, Professor T. J. Dimitry, Hon. F. 

A. Monroe. Rev. D. S. Purser, ]\Ir. Edwin Marks, Colonel 
Frank T.. Richardson, Hon. F. P. Stubbs, Colonel A. B. Booth, 
Rev. B. M. Palmer. D. D.. Cajjtain James Dinkins, Hon. 

B. F. Jonas and Hon. T. C. \V. Ellis. On ]\lemorial Day in the 
year 187"), while the ladies were engaged in their memorial work, 
they noticed three strange ladies, accompanied by two United 
States Officers, a])proach the monument and place a beautiful 
bunch of flowei-s, and after lingering awhile, quietly turn away. 
Who knows, pf'rhai)s one near and dear to them, had given up 

— ISO — 



his life on the altar of duty, and had been laid to rest among 
strangers, and in placing these flowers on the monument to our 
dead, they hoped that some kind friend would remember the one 
they loved. This was the beginning of an annual exchange of 
floral offerings, on Memorial and Decoration Days, between the 
Confederate organization and that of the Union Veterans. In 
1896, the Junior Confederate Memorial Association took part 
in the memorial exercises for the first time. In 1897 April 6th 
was made a legal holiday, and the exercises were unusually 
solemn and impressive. Since 1897 the following program has 
been faithfully observed : The Veterans, escorted by the State 
troops, assemble at Memorial Hall at 2 p. m., and proceeding 
first to the Lee monument, which is situated in the center of the 
city, march around it, heads uncovered, then they take up the 
line of march to Canal street, where they board the train for 
Metairie and Greenwood cemeteries. Arriving at Metairie, with 
slow and measured step they march to the tomb of the Army of 
Northern Virginia, where the column is halted and facing the 
tomb, a volley of three rounds is fired, the bugler sounds "taps," 
and the procession moves slowly to the tomb of the Washington 
Artillery, then to the tomb of Eev. Thos. K. Markham, 
D. D., Chaplain of the Army of Tennessee, where the same order 
of exercises is conducted ; thence to Greenwood, where a like 
honor is paid to their comrades wlio are buried in the tomb of 
the "Soldiers Home." The concluding ceremony takes place at 
the Confederate Monument. The Junior C^onfederate Memorial 
Association and the children of the pul^Iic schools meet the 
A'^eterans as they approach the monument, and strew flowers 
before them, then marching two by two, around the monument, 
they place their floral ofi:erings on the mound. The officers of 
the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association, the Major General 
Commanding the State Division United Confederate Veterans, 
with members of his stafl', the officiating clergyman and the 
orator of the day, take positions on the steps of the monument. 
Prayer is offered, and the speaker introduced — his theme is 
generally on the justice of our Cause, the courage and fortitude 
of the Confederate soldier in time of war, and his heroic virtues 
in time of peace. A solemn benediction is pronounced, three 
volleys fired, "taps" sounded, and the crowd disperses just as the 
rays of the setting sun bespeak the close of the day. Here it is 
proper to mention that the Continental Guards in their uniforms 

— 181 — 



of colonial days, also take part in the exercises on Memorial 
Day, the command being detailed as a guard of honor to fire the 
volleys over the graves — a soldier's last tribute to valor. The 
tombs of our departed Cliaplains, Revs. Father Turgis and B. M. 
Palmer, D. D., are visited by a delegation from the Ladies' 
Confederate Memorial Association to testify with floral offerings, 
their love and devotion to the memory of these valiant soldiers 
of the cross. 

From the year 1867 till 1888 Mrs. Geo. W. Pritchard served 
as President; after these many years of faithful service death 
claimed her, and on July 19, 1888, she answered the dread 
summons. By her death the Association lost one of the most 
loyal and devoted members. Her untiring energy and zeal had 
endeared her to all, especially to the faithful band of women who 
had cared for the sick and wounded soldiers, and visited prison- 
ers of war during the trying days, from 1861-1865, and the sad 
days that followed the surrender at Appomattox. At the next 
annual meeting, held March 27th at the Washington Artillery 
Hall, Mrs. Louis A. Adam, who had been acting President 
Bince the death of Mrs. Pritchard, became President, The 
otlier 'officers were: Mrs. J. F. Spearing, Vice-President; Mrs. 
Theodore Shute, Secretary and Treasurer. Later on Mrs. L. D. 
Xicholls was elected Treasurer. The following gentlemen were 
appointed a Board of Counsel : Colonel Thos. L. Bayne, who had 
served in that capacity from the date of organization. Colonel 
Jas. A. Lewis, Major Gilbert L. Hall, Colonel John B. Richard- 
son and Louis A. Adam. The good work was continued with 
characteristic zeal and enthusiasm by the newly elected officers. 

In December, 1889, Jefferson Davis, the great Southern Chief- 
tain and President of the Confederate States of America, died 
in New Orleans, at the residence of Hon. Chas. E. Fenner, his 
life long friend. It was the sad privilege of this Association to 
assist in preparing the mortuary chamber in the City Hall, 
where for three days the honored remains of the South's mart}T 
President, lay in state. The pansy badge of tliis Association 
was conspicuous among the floral offerings. Tlie Association 
was especially honored by the Veterans and given a position in 
the funeral cortege, as it marched around the tomb of the Army 
of Northern Virginia, where tlic remains of this Christian 
soldier wore placed, pending their final disposition. 

Tlie charter of the Ladies' Benevolent Association of Louisiana 

— 182 — 



having expired by limitation, it was re-cliartered in 1894 under 
the title which it had originally proposed to adopt, "The Ladies' 
Confederate Memorial Association," in fact it was known and 
had worked under this name for all these years, the term 
"Benevolent" being used to satisfy the Federal authorities in 
command at that time. In accordance with a notarial act passed 
before Henry L. Garland, Jr., Notary Public, New Orleans, La., 
the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association was declared the 
legitimate successor of the Ladies' Benevolent Association of 
Louisiana, and succeeded to all privileges, titles and properties, 
books, funds, etc., of the aforesaid Association. The surviving 
life members and the surviving honorary members of the old 
Association were declared to be respectively life and honorary 
members of the new association. Mrs. Theodore Shute was 
declared Honorary Secretary for life in recognition of her 
earnest work and fidelity to duty. In October, 1897, she died 
at the advanced age of ninety years, honored, respected and 
lamented by all. Mrs. Louis A. Adam, who had been appointed 
President, resigned at the first meeting. Her resignation was 
accepted, and she was succeeded by Mrs. Sarah Polk Blake, a 
daughter of General Leonid as Polk, and a woman eminently 
qualified to assume the duties of President. The other officers 
elected were: Mrs. W. J. Behan, First Vice-President; Mrs. J. 
B. Eichardson, Second Vice-President; Mrs. J. Y. Gilmore, 
Eecording Secretary ; Miss Daisy M. L. Hodgson, Corresponding 
Secretary, and Mrs. B. F. Eshleman, Treasurer. These officers 
were re-elected for six consecutive years. In 1900 Mrs. l^lake 
declined a re-nomination, and Mrs. W. J. Behan was elected 
President with the following efficient corps of officers : Mrs. Jos. 
R. Davis, First Vice-President; Mrs. F. G. Freret, Second Vice- 
President; Mrs. Joseph Jones (a daughter of General Leonidas 
Polk), Corresponding Secretary; Miss Kate Eastman, Recording 
Secretary, and Mrs. Thos. Sefton, Treasurer. For the two suc- 
ceeding years the same officers were re-elected, with but two 
exceptions, Mrs. L. Graham was elected Corresponding Secre- 
tary vice Mrs. Jos. Jones, and Mrs. J. B. Richardson was elected 
Treasurer vice Mrs. Thos. Sefton. In 1902 the same officers 
were again re-elected, with one exception, Mrs. Sumpter Turner 
having been elected Corresponding Secretary vice Mrs. L. 
Graham, who declined re-nomination owing to press of other 
duties. During this year some minor changes were made in the 

— 1S3 — 



Constitution and By-laws, one of wliich provided for the office- 
of Historian. Miss Delphine Points was elected to this import- 
ant office. In 1903 no changes were made in the personnel of' 
the Asociation. Mrs. W. J. Behan, the present incumbent, is 
the wife of General W. J. Behan, who served four years in the- 
Washington Artillery of New Orleans, in the Army of Northern 
Virginia. General Behan was twice elected Major-General of 
the Louisiana Division United Confederate Veterans, and was 
also elected to the honorable position of ^Mayor of the City of 
New Orleans. 

In May, 1900, a communication was received from ^[iss Sue 
H. Walker, inviting all Southern Memorial Associations to unite 
and organize a Confederation for the perpetuation of the noble- 
work which had been accomplished by them during the past forty 
years and by a union to strengthen and cement the bonds that 
should exist between them. The date fixed for this convention 
was May 31, 1900, at Louisville, Kentucky. This movement 
was heartily indorsed by our Association, and the following 
named delegates were appointed to attend the convention : Mrs. 
Sarah Polk Blake, Mrs. Alden McLellan, Mrs. J. Y. Gilmore, 
Mrs. D. A. S. Vaught, Miss Kate Eastman, Mrs. Jos. P. Davis, 
Mrs. li. Graham, Miss Daisy M. L. Hodgson, Miss Lucy Marshall 
Smith and Mrs. W. J. Behan, who was chosen Chairman of the 
delegation. The venerable and beloved Dr. B. M. Palmer accom- 
panied the delegates to Louisville, where he was invited to 
deliver the address to the United Confederate Veterans in con- 
vention. The delegates from the Ladies' Confederate Memorial 
Association attended the convention of the United Confederate- 
Veterans on that day, and after Dr. Palmer had finished speaking 
Mrs. Behan, representing her Association, advanced, and with a 
few words, presented him with a badge of the Ladies' Confed- 
erate Memorial Association, pinning it on the lapel of his coat. 
He was deeply touched, and in accepting the badge replied in a 
most gracious manner. On his return to New Orleans lie wrote 
a letter to the President expressing his great appreciation of 
this testimonial of our confidence and esteem. This letter is 
preserved among the archives of the Association ; a copy is liere 
given, feeling that all who ever knew the eminent minister of 
God will appreciate his tribute to the women of the Confed— 
eiacy. 



— 184 — 



New Orleans, La., June 6, 1900. 
Mrs. W. J. Behan; 

President Ladies' Memorial Association. 
Eespeeted Madam: — 

I was deeply touched at the late reunion by the presentation 
through yourself, as the elect lady, of the badge of your Associa- 
tion. There can be no sweeter reward to virtuous endeavor, than 
the approval of the noble women of our Southland. This coming 
to me in such generous terms from the ladies of our own State 
and City, was particularly welcome, coinciding, as it did, with 
probably my last public testimony in behalf of the Cause so dear 
to all our hearts. The devotion of our women to this Cause, 
was throughout as conspicuous as the bravery of the men. The 
peculiar element of woman's devotion would seem to be the 
entireness with which she gives herself away to every object of 
her love. The same fullness of consecration which she manifests 
in the domestic circle, expands through the whole sphere of 
earthly obligation and duty. It is with her a love forever and 
impossible to recall. It is enough for us now to know that the 
Confederate Cause was worthy of the generation that espoused 
it, and that the sons and daughters of the South were equal ta 
the responsibility of the trust. 

Most gratefully and respectfully, 
B. M. Palmer. 

In the election of officers for the Confederation our Association 
was signally honored by having four of the staff chosen from 
among its numbers ; viz. : Mrs. W. J. Behan, President ; Mrs. L. 
Graham, Vice-President, for Louisiana; Miss Daisy M. L. 
Hodgson, Recording Secretary; and Mrs. Sarah Polk Blake, 
Historian. Mrs. Blake resigned shortly after her election as 
other duties claimed her attention, and Mrs. Joseph R. Davis, 
who is also a member of the Ladies' Confederate ^Memorial 
Association of New Orleans, was appointed to fill the position. 
This Association, always faithful to the memory of the illus- 
trious President of the Confederacy, has contributed liberally to- 
the fund for the Davis ]\Ionument in Pichmond, Virginia, as 

— 185 — 



-will bo seen by tlio following report, through Colonel A. W 
Hyatt, Treasiirer for Louisiana : 

In 1894, Cash Through Treasurer $--300.00 

In 1901, Payment of Louisville Pledge 306.50 

In 1901, Mrs. W. J. Behan 100.00 

In 1901, By Sale of Confederate Calendars.. 25.00 
In 1902, By Sale of Confederate Calendars. . . 148.50 

In 1902, Payment of Xew Orleans Pledge 25.00 

In 1903, By Disposal of a Picture Donated by 

Mr, Shepherd, of Eiehmond, Virginia.. 25.00 
In 1903, By Sale Shepherd " Soldier " Pictures 69 , 00 
In 1903, By Sale Shepherd " Soldier " Pictures 25 . 00 



$924.00 



In addition to this we contributed $50.00 to the Ladies' 
Memorial Association of Winchester, Virginia, to place head- 
stones over the graves of Louisiana soldiers buried there in 
Stonewall Cemetery. An annual contribution is made to the 
Louisiana soldiers' home. During the year 1900, this Associa- 
tion 'collectod a considerable sum from the Veteran Camps and 
Confederate organizations, to be devoted to the removal of the 
Confederate Dead from Arlington and Soldiers' Home National 
Cemeteries, Washington, D. C, to cemeteries in the South, where 
their sacred remains would rest under the shadow of the monu- 
ments erected to their memory. The movement was unsuc- 
cessful however, and these remains now lie in what is known as 
the Confederate Section of the National Cemetery in Arlington, 
Virginia. To this Association is due the credit of making 
renewed efforts to have June 3rd (the anniversary of the birth 
of Jefferson Davis) observed throughout the South as Confed- 
erate jMemorial Day. A resolution to this effect, had been 
previously introduced by the Veterans of Texas at the Pe-union 
in Houston in 1895, and was adopted by many States, but its 
observance was not general. At the annual meeting of our 
Association on March 19th, this subject was again agitated and 
the following resolution offered by Mrs. Andrew G. Swain : 

" In order that our children may be fully instruct<?d in all that 
pertains to the rise and fall of the Southern Confederacy, and 
that the date of the birth of its first and onlv President will be 



— 186 



indelibly impressed on tlieir minds and hearts and "-encrally 
observed with appropriate ceremonies; be it 

" Resolved, By the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association 
of New Orleans, La., that June 3, the anniversary of the birth 
of Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of 
America, be adopted as Southern Memorial Day, said resolution 
to go into effect on Jnne 3, 1903, and, furthermore, be it 

Resolved, That this Association shall invite the co-operation 
of the United Confederate Veterans' organizatitons, the United 
Daughters of the Confederacy and the Confederated Southern 
Memorial Association to secure the general adoption of this 
resolution in every Southern State, as well as in all places 
wherever it is customary to honor the memory of the Confederate 
Dead." 

This resolution was unanimously adopted, and a copy was 
presented to the " Committee on Kesolutions," at the convention 
of the United Confederate Veterans, and the Confederated 
Southern Memorial Association, at Dallas, Texas, in 1903. 
The Circular here published was mailed to the fifteen hundred 
camps of United Confederate Veterans, asking for their indorse- 
ment. A deep interest was taken in the matter and numerous 
congratulatory telegrams and press comments were received by 
the President: 

To the Ofpccrs and ilenihers of the United Confederate Veteran 
Ca mps : 

Honored and Beloved A^eterans — The time has come when 
the History of 'the South's war for Independence must be 
truthfully written and placed in the hands of the children and 
grandchildren of the men who fought so heroically and displayed 
imcqualled fortitude and endurance, in that struggle for the 
maintainence of the principles, which had been handed down 
to them by their fathers. 

With this object in view, the Ladies' Confederate Memorial 
Association of New New Orleans, La., has taken an important 
step, and at a meeting held March 19th, 1902, in Memorial 
Hall, that placed so hallowed by sacred memories and relics, a 
resolution was offered to fix on the 3rd day of June, the anniver- 
sary of the birth of Jefferson Davis, as " Southern Memorial 
Day." In this way the children of the South, will become 
familiar with this one fact in the history of our short lived, but 

— 187 — 



glorious Xation. The birtli day of Jefferson Davis, the first 
and only President of the Confederate States of America, should 
be indelibly impressed on the minds and hearts of Southern 
children. 

By agreeing on this day, June 3rd, for the observance of the 
usual memorial ceremonies, we not only honor the memory of 
the President of the Southern Confederacy, but at the same time 
we strew our flowers and immortelles on the graves of the 
Confederate dead, the heroes who fought so valiantly for the 
cause he represented. 

Your attention is called to the following resolution which 
will be brought before the United Confederate Veterans, in 
convention assembled, at the Dallas Reunion, and your co-opera- 
tion and indorsement most earnestly requested to secure its 
general adoption in every Southern State: 

" In order that our children may be fully instructed in all that 
pertains to the rise and fall of the Southern Confederacy, and 
that the date of the birth of its first and only President will be 
indelibly impressed on their minds and hearts and generally 
observed with appropriate ceremonies; be it 

"Resolved, By the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association 
of New Orleans, La., that June 3, the anniversary of the birth 
of Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of 
America, be adopted as Southern Memorial Day, said resolution 
to go into effect on June 3, 1903, and, furthermore, be it 

" Resolved, That this Association shall invite the co-operation 
of the United Confederate Veterans' organizations, the United 
Daughters of the Confederacy and the Confederated Southern 
Memorial Association, to secure the general adoption of this 
resolution in every Southern State, as well as in all places 
wherever it is customary to honor the memory of the Confederate 
dead." Yours fraternally, 

Mrs. W. J. Behax, 
President L. C. M. Ass'n., New Orleans, La. 

Colonel David Zable, delegate from Camp Xo. 1, Army of 
Northern Virginia, Louisiana Division, presented the resolution 
to the United Confederate Veteran Committee on Peso- 
lutions at the Dallas convention; it received the unani- 
mous support of the Committee and was recommended 
to General J. B. Gordon by the Chairman, Colonel 

— 188 — 



Stratton, of Eichmoud, Virginia. It was then presented to 
the convention assembled by Hon. A. T. Watts, Adjutant-General 
of the Trans-Mississippi Department. He spoke most earnestly 
in favor of the resolution and was seconded by General Stephen 
D. Lee, of Mississippi, who in a most forcible and patriotic 
speech urged the general adoption of June 3rd as Memorial 
Day throughout the South. Tliere was but one objecting voice, 
and with this exception the resolution was adopted. The United 
Sons of Confederate Veterans and the Confederated Southern 
Memorial Association adopted a like resolution at their conven- 
tions. In July, 1902, Hon. Wm. McL. Fayssoux introduced a 
bill in the General Assembly of Louisiana, asking that the date 
of Memorial Day be changed from April 6th to June 3rd. This 
bill passed without any opposition and by Legislative Act June 
3rd, the anniversary of the birth of Jefferson Davis, President 
of the Confederate States of America, was made a legal holiday 
and Memorial Day throughout the State of Louisiana. Mr. 
Fayssoux, who assisted us in having this measure favorably 
acted on, is the grand-son of Mrs. W. H. McLellan and the son 
of Mrs. C. I. Fayssoux, two of the most active members of the 
former Ladies' Aid Society. For two years previous we had had 
patriotic celebrations on June 3rd in Memorial Hall, to which 
the United Confederate Veterans, the Sons of Confederate 
Veterans and Daughters of the Confederacy were invited, and 
the most eloquent speakers addressed the people. In the month 
of March, 1903, New Orleans was honored by a visit from Mrs. 
V. Jefferson Davis and Miss Mary Custis Lee. It was our 
pleasure to entertain these distinguished guests. Two magnifi- 
cent receptions were given in the Palm Garden of the St. Charles 
Hotel, and it was a scene never to be forgotten. It was inspiring 
to see the graciousness of these ladies as the Veterans cordially 
clasped their hands and recalled to mind the illustrious President, 
Jefferson Davis, and the immortal Lee, who stood at the head 
of the Confederate Army until our banner was furled. On May 
31st, 1902, the great chaplain of the United Confederate 
Veterans, Eev. B. M. Palmer, D. D., joined the grey hosts beyond. 
The Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association attended his 
funeral in a body. At a meeting of the Association on June 3rd, 
Mrs. L. Graham offered the following resolution on the sad and 
untimely death of this truly good man : 



"Be it Resolved, That the Ladies' Confederate Memorial 
Association suspend business that it ma)^ express the grief of this 
body at tlie translation of our great brother, Dr. B. M. Palmer. 
Dr. Pahner was peculiarly our own, inasmuch as a Divine Provi- 
dence that liad given him the lofty courage and flaming tongue to 
inspire and bless our gallant host that went forth with flying 
colors to righteous war, gave him also the moral strength to 
bless the tattered, furled and blood-stained banners borne by 
the returning remnant of that unparalleled army. In the days 
of our disappointment and disaster he has been our Defendant, 
Prophet and Seer. No fitful change of time or circumstance, 
ever weakened his faith in the South's just cause. He was our 
* Stonewall '" of the aftermath of the war. We thank God that 
He gave us so wise a counsellor and preserved him to justify 
and proclaim his faith in our struggle for home rule and State 
sovereignty. In these days of gloom let us take for our motto 
the sentiment of his last great secular utterance delivered in 
thrilling eloquence to the youth of our City in Robert E. Lee 
school, saying in conclusion : A father who stood over the slain 
form of his boy in jacket of grey exclaimed with uplifted arms: 
' I wpuld not exchange this my son, dead, for any man's living 
child.' Nor would we give our Cause and its heroes for any 
living victory, — Avliom shall we take in exchange for our dead 
chaplain? Therefore, be it resolved. That on the 3rd of June, 
IMemorial Day, the place of his sepulchre be made a shrine of 
our pilgrimage, and that the chaplets of remembrance which we 
hang there shall be a testimony that Southern woman is ever 
loyal to the brave and true." 

Mrs. L. Graham, Chairman, 

Mrs. Thos. Sefton, 

Miss Daisy M. L. Hodgson, 

Committee. 

On the occasion of the Fourth Annual Convention of the 
Confederated Southern Memorial Association, the Ladies' Con- 
federate Memorial Association, assisted by the Junior Confederate 
Memorial Association and tlie Jefferson Davis ]\[onument 
Association, entertained and cared for the delegates and 
contributed very materially to the success of the con- 
vention. Wc meet quarterly in ^leinorial Hall, a place 
hallowed l)y the sacred memories of the most righteous cause 

— 190 — 




MISS ESTELLE M. HODGSON, 
Corresponding Secretary Junior Confederate Memorial Association, 
New Orleans. Louisiana. 



for which inan ever drew sword, and therein arc the precions 
relics, which speak louder than words, the eternal praise of men 
who died a glorious death for a glorious Cause. Such is the 
history of the Ladies' Confederate ]\Iemorial Association, ISiew 
Orleans, La., dating from the day when a few patriotic and 
earnest women first met, until the present time, when j)eace 
reigns over our beloved land, and prosperity has followed in her 
track. We have ever tried to vindicate the grand idea of Right 
and Principle, for which our loved ones fought and died ; beneath 
the beautiful mound in Greenwood our heroes sleep and their 
spirits sing in the Heavenly realms, the praises of our Southern 
women who have given them in death this last sad heritage, a 
Home under the Southern skies. 

In Memoriam. 

Death has invaded our ranks and called from active service, 
]\Iiss Eosa Lobrano, and Mrs. James K. Gutheim, two loyal and 
devoted members, who from their early womanhood have held 
sacred the memories of the Confederate Caiise. They were most 
faithful and zealous workers, in the movement to erect the 
monument, which now stands in Greenwood Cemeter}^, dedicated 
to the memory of the Confederate Dead. We bow to the will of 
our Heavenly Father, who doeth all things for the good of His 
children, whom He aided in their work. 

Delphine Points, 
, Historian. 


JUNIOR CONFEDERATE MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA. 

This Association was formed in New Orleans on March 2Cth,, 
1896, being designed, as its name indicates, to be the successor 
of the senior association in its work, and heir to its property^,, 
the monument and crypt and surrounding ground. 

It was organized by Mrs. D. A. S. Vaught, whose father. 
Colonel T. L. Bayne, was for twenty-five years a member of the 
Advisory Board of the senior Association. Its President and. 
Treasurer are appointed from the seniors. Its President makes it. 
her business to look up and recommend suitable Confederate' 
works, history and tales truly representing the Southern side o.f 
the great struggle. 

— 191 — 



The Juniors have done the following work, besides the annual 
decoration of Confederate graves and mounments: Visits and 
treats to the veterans at the Soldiers' Home; flowers sent to 
unveiling of President Davis' memorial window in Richmond; 
to Winnie Davis' funeral. They also kept fresh flowers before 
her portrait at Memorial Hall, New Orleans, for thirty days 
after her death, and sent flowers to Eev. B. M. Palmer, D. D., 
Chaplain of the Army of Tennessee on his eightieth birthday. 
They placed palm branches before the portraits of members of 
tlio Fifth Company, Washington Artillery, on the unveiling of 
their recovered Columbiad, now placed at Memorial Hall. They 
respond to all calls made by the Veterans. In 1898 they raised 
$100.00 and presented to the Louisiana room in Richmond, a 
beautifully hand painted and lettered Historical Scroll of 
Louisiana in carved frame of Louisiana oak. 

Mrs. D. A. S. Vaught served the Juniors as President from 
the date of organization until 1900. She was succeeded by the 
following officers, viz. : President, Miss Elizabeth Borland ; Vice- 
President, Miss Anna Saunders; Corresponding Secretary, Miss 
Louise Barrow; Recording Secretary, Miss Martha Pleasants; 
Treasurer, Miss Josephine Richardson. Advisory Board: jMrs. 
D. A. .S. Vaught, Mrs. J. Watts Kearney, ]\Irs Robert Hadden, 
Mrs. W. J. Behan, ex-officio; Mrs. F. A. Monroe, Mrs. Thos. 
Sefton, Mrs. George Vincent. 

In March, 1903, the senior association recommended that 
the name " Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association, Jr.," be 
changed to " Junior Confederate Memorial Association ;" that 
boys up to sixteen years of age be admitted to membership, 
and that annual dues be made twenty-five cents. Thus re-organ- 
ized the Association took on new life. The membership increased 
and great interest was taken in the Soldiers' Home, and Memo- 
rial Day ceremonies. The public school children were invited 
to participate in Memorial Day exercises, and they came in great 
numbers, laden with flowers and garlands. 

The Central Committee of the Jefferson Davis Monument 
Association of Richmond, Va., offered a handsome gold medal, 
to be awarded the child selling the greatest number of " Davis 
buttons " for the Jefferson Davis Monument fund ; the buttons 
bore the likeness of Jefferson Davis, and the medal was a repre- 
sentation of the Confederate Battle flag, and suitably inscribed. 
This medal was offered on condition tliat two thousand buttons 



would be sold in the State. The Junior Confederate Memorial 
Association entered the contest, a friendly rivalry was begun, 
eaeli one striving for the prize. As a greater incentive, the 
President of the Senior Association communicated with General 
J. B. Gordon requesting him to present the medal during the 
jSiew Orleans Keunion to the successful contestant. A prompt 
reply was received from the beloved Commander-in-Chief of the 
United Confederate Veterans, who sent words of encourage- 
ment to the children, in their patriotic and laudable efforts to 
do honor to the only President of the Southern Confederacy, 
and said, " if my health permits, I will be glad to comply with 
your request." The possibility of being thus honored, stimu- 
lated the children to greater zeal, and as a result, the Junior 
Confederate Memorial Association closed their contest some 
time before the New Orleans Eeunion in May, 1903, and sent 
on to the Treasurer of the Jefferson Davis Monument fund in 
Richmond, Va., the sum of two hundred dollars, acquired through 
the sale of Davis buttons. 

Estelle Myrtle Hodgson won the medal; having sold over 
one thousand buttons. It was presented to her by General Jno. 
B. Gordon in a most charming and complimentary manner, at 
the Fourth Annual Convention of the Confederated Southern 
Memorial Association, whose sessions were held during the Re- 
union, in the Continental Guard's Armory in this city. 

The fortunate winner of the beautiful medal is Corresponding 
Secretary of the Juniors, and is a sweet, lovely girl (as one can 
see by glancing at the portrait here shown). Her bright, merry 
disposition makes her a general favorite with her associates. 
She gives promise of upholding the standard of pure, courageous 
womanhood, that has for generations made Southern women 
famous. 

She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph C. Hodgson of 
N'ew Orleans, La. ; the niece of Miss Daisy M. L. Hodgson, 
Secretary of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, 
who is so well known and esteemed by all classes for her charity 
and good deeds; and grand-child of the late Mrs. Emma Estelle 
Hodgson, whose strong Southern spirit led her to do many brave 
and perilous deeds in assisting Confederate soldiers to escape 
over the line when New Orleans was occupied by Federal troops. 
Among those who were most actively interested in the contest 
for the Davis Monument medal, we must mention Ethelyn 

— 193 — 



Eichardson, gi-ancl-claiighter of Col. and Mrs. Jno. B. Eichard- 
son, who sold over five Inmdred buttons, and Lillian Scott 
Prowell and Warren B. Heidenian, who wwo not far behind in 
the race for the prize offered. 

The badge worn by the Juniors is the same as that of the 
Senior Association. During the year 1902, the Juniors were 
called on to mourn the death of Miss Ethel Kursheedt, a sweet, 
lovable girl,- and thoroughly devoted to the memories of the 
Confederate Cause. 

The following members are on the roll of the Association: 
Walter E. Armstrong, Editli Bayne Aiken, Euby Adams, Kate 
Scmple Adams, Ealph P. Aiken, Marie Aldige, George 0. 
Allain, Jr., Alexander Allain, Suzanne Bringier, Herbert Ben- 
son, Lucy Baldwin, Alvina Bertels, Elise Bonnabel, Harold 
Bogan, Lilly Young Black, lonie Badger Black, Edith Barnes, 
Mary E. Black, Eose Bertel, Lemeny Boisblanc, Elmira H. 
Barbot, Frances Bailey, Lucille Block, Euth Bailey, Jennie 
Bell, Edna Barthelemy, Delia Baker, Xorma Barnett, Tillie 
Block, Fae Boner, Katie Becker, Ella Bornwasser, Jessie L. 
Carter, Robert Charlton, Tempe Crumhorn, Beatrice J. F. 
Cockle, Fannie Cushman, Carrie Christenson, Bessie Callopy, 
Alice Costa, ^Marion Gayle Denegre, T. Bayne Denegre, Bessie 
Ducros, Mildred Lee Daly, Lydia Durel, Fannie Lee Davezac,^ 
Araline Dowty, Winnie Davis Daly, A^irginia H. Davis, Marie 
Dies, Bernadette Danehammer, Carmelite D'Aunoy, ^Myrthc 
Dorothy Daspit, Ellen Freret, Anna Farrar, Lucy Farrar, Edith 
Farrar, Mildred Farrar, Jane Farrar, Stamps Farrar, Helcne 0. 
Friedrichs, Effic Forman, Lise Frankenbush, Emma Fuller, 
Andrea Friedrichs, Margaret Alice Franklin, Lucille Gillis, 
Edna Gra)', Myrtilla E. Given, Edith Given, Aurora Gciger, 
Crladys Given, Hannah Seymour Graham, Alice Gravely, 
Corinne Gill, Eegina Granger, Emma Given, Margaret Gachet, 
Estelle M. Hodgson, Warren B. Heideman, Harold Heideman, 
Oswald Heideman, Adele Hickey, Sadie Hannen, Eobert 
Hadden, Stella Hyman, Medora Hyman, Estelle Hynson, 
Waldemar Heideman, Aline Hasey, Nettie Hasey, Edith Holt, 
Stella Horner, Henry Hetterich, Hilda Hydel, Florence Hickey, 
Eugenia Haight, Etta Hays, Joseph Israel, Louisa Janin, Isabel 
Turner Janin, Sue Turner Janin, Stanhope Jones, Viola Barrow 
Jones, Leslie Kaufman, Ijouise Kelly, Alma Kerr, Gertrude 
Kerr, Fern King, Ellis Keife, Isabella Keife, Stella E. Klep- 

— 194 — 



inger, Sadie Kamien, Victoria Leacli, Neil Ell. Legin, Edwina 
M. Lynd, Francis Lamminfia, Marie IMcCabe, Louise Meek, 
Jennie Meek, Mildred Lee Moore, Annie McDonald, Irene 
McNeil, Norris IMcDuff, Anna :McLellan, Alden McLellan, 
Estelle McLellan, Theodore McGinnis, Marguerite A. Maddox, 
Dorothy Mandeville, Rosa Margenstein, Florence Marrero, 
]\Iamie ]\Iabel, A. ]\Ianadi, Susie Meek, Virginia D. Meyer, Adelle 
Monroe, Gertrude Monroe, Marion Monroe, Nellie Monroe, 
Jennie Meyers, Charles L. Eiley Nichol, Alice North, Mary 
North, Elsie O'Connor, Mildred O'Connor, Alice Ogden, 
Samuel K. Olliphant, Phoebe Palfrey, Pearl Page, Madge Page, 
Agnes Pugh, Louise Carey Pleasants, Inman H. Payne, Hen- 
rietta Pujol, Inez Page, Ruby Page, Wallace Pitard, Martha 
Glenn Pleasants, Jean Pugh, Fannie Brickell Pierce, Mary 
Taylor Payne, Sue Price, Marguerite Points, Ida Lucille Prow- 
ell, Lillian S. Pro well, Lucie Prados, Rufus Prados, Jno. Pitard, 
Ethlyn Richardson, Cecile Roussel, Millie M. Roberts, Harry 
A. Roberts, Harold Dean Roberts, Camille G. Roberts, Delia Lee 
Riddell, H. G. Riddell, H. L. Riddell, Julius Gordon Reeder, 
Enola Rantz, C. Lee Shepard, Marion W. Swick, Adele Carter 
Seay, Roberdeau Seay, Margaret J. Shortridge, Phala Graham 
Shaw, Frank Russell Shaw, Norton Rea Shaw, Sidney Huga 
Smith, Jr., Nellie Schillan, Beatrice Sicard, Clothilde Sicard, 
Genevieve Sicard, Nathalie Schully, Blanche Samuel, Lula Scott, 
Frances Snakenberg, Gertrude Davis Shaw, Ethel Taylor, Luella 
Alice Taylor, Eugenia Toledano, Lydia Telson, Lucille Spots- 
wood Terrell, Freda Turner, Ida Turner, Lucy Belle Turner, 
Mamie Turner, Mary Balfour Turner, Edna Thompson, Edith 
Thompson, Jessie W. Tebo, Julia Tranchet, Marion Terry, S. 
Eleanor Upton, Julia Ury, Mary Bayne Vaught, Annot Lyle 
Vaught, Beatrice Vanney, Herbert G. Vanney, Lillian Vigo, 
George A. Williams, Jr., Jennie Walsh, Nellie Walsh. 

At the annual meeting at Memorial Hall, March 19, 1904, 
the sum of five dollars was voted towards the purchase of a new 
piano for the Soldiers' Home. Arrangements were perfected 
for the annual picnic, which is given under tlie auspices of the 
Juniors at the Soldiers' Home. As the life of an Association 
depends on its activity, it was proposed by the Acting President, 
Mrs. C. Zapata, tliat the Junior Confederate Memorial Associa- 
tion take as its work for the coming year, the placing in 
Memorial Hall of a stained glass window, representing the Seal 



— 195 



of the Confederacy. The children were most enthusiastic and 
overjoyed to think tliat they could do something to prove their 
love for the cause which their grandfathers had espoused, and 
for which so many of their relatives had sacrificed their lives 
and fortunes. ^Mrs. H. C. Mackie was made Chairman of the 
Committee, and will have no difficulty in infusing her zeal and 
patriotism into the efforts of the children. The following 
officers were elected to serve for the year 1904 : Mrs. H. Blackman 
Turner, re-appointed President; Mrs. Chas. Zapata, re-elected 
First Vice-President; Second Vice-President, Lieut. Geo. A. 
Williams, Jr.; Mrs. Alden McLellan, re-appointed Treasurer; 
Corresponding Secretary, Miss Estelle M. Hodgson, re-elected; 
Recording Secretary, Miss Ethel Taylor; Sergeant-at-Arms, 
Warren B. Heidemann. 

The following named ladies compose the present Advisory 
Board: Mrs. W. J. Behan, ex-officio Chairman; Mrs. Chas. 
Zapata, Mrs. Alden McLellan, Mrs. L. H. Terry, Miss Marie L. 
Points, Miss E. A. Miller, Miss Fannie Stringer, Miss D. M. L. 
Hodgson, Mrs. Hickey Frederichs, Mrs. A. H. Riddell, Mrs. Geo. 
A. Williams, Mrs. H. C. Mackie, Mrs. Sumpter Turner. 



JEFFERSON DAVIS MONUMENT ASSOCIATION, 
NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA. 

The Jefferson Davis Monument Association, of New Orleans, 
Louisiana, met on April 18, 1898, at the home of Mrs. I. J. Fow- 
ler, in honor of the thirty-ninth birthday of Joseph Davis, the 
third son of President Davis; it was also the birthday of Mrs. 
Roberts. There were present, Mrs. M. A. Forwood, Mrs. I. J. 
Fowler, Mrs. Jefferson Davis Weir and Mrs. A. W. Roberts. Mrs. 
Roberts was called to the chair, and appointed Mrs. Weir Secre- 
tary. Mrs. Roberts stated that ]\Ir. and ]\frs. Davis were 
honorary members of the Association, and she thought a monu- 
ment should be built in New Orleans to our only President, 
Jefferson Davis. 

Mrs. Davis, Miss Winnie Davis and Mrs. Addison Hayes were 
elected honorary members. The Secretary was instructed to 
write and inform them of their election. It was decreed that 
this Association should be memorial in every respect, and always 

— 196 — 




EX-PRESIDENTS OF MEMORIAL ASSOCIATIONS. 



Mrs. A. W- Roberts, 

New Orleans. Louisiana. 
Mrs. E. P. Dismukes, 

Quincy, Florida. 
Mrs. Mary Anne Mackenzie, 

Waynesboro, Georgia. 



2. Mrs. William A. Wilkins, 
Waynesboro, Georgia. 

4. Mrs. S. R, Mallory, 

Pensacola, Florida. 

6. Mrs. Johannah Waddill. 

Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 



observe the third day of June, the birthday of Jefferson Davis, 
in a suitable manner. 

The second meeting was held at the residence of Mrs. Weir, 
May 4th. Upon motion of Col. David Zable it was made a per- 
manent organization. Mrs. A. W. Eoberts was unanimously 
made President; Mrs. Forwood, First Vice-President; Mrs. I. 
J. Fowler, Second Vice-President; Mrs. J. D. Weir, Secretary; 
Mrs. J. F. Spearing, Treasurer. On June 3d, appropriate 
ceremonies were held and the President requested to write to 
Senator Fenner in the Legislature and request him to introduce 
a bill making Jefferson Davis' birthday a legal holiday in 
Louisiana, which letter she wrote. Mrs. Roberts related that on 
September 1, 1888 (which was the birthday of Mr. Davis' oldest 
sister, Mrs. Luther L. Smith), she was spending the day at 
Beauvoir, and presented to Mr. Davis the little silver cross, the 
badge of the King's Daughters, and told him that she wanted 
him to wear it, as he was already a King's Son. He went off 
and returned with the cross pinned on the lapel of his coat, 
saying, "Lucy, is that the way I shall wear it". This was the 
last time she ever saw him in life. 

On September 20, 1898, this Association was called upon to 
lament the death of our beloved and honorary member, Miss 
Varina x\nne Davis, the only daughter of the Confederacy. 
Appropriate resolutions were passed, and one copy beautifully 
framed was sent to the Literary Society in Richmond, and 
copies framed and sent to both Mrs. Davis and Mrs. Hayes. 

In 1900 this Association joined the Confederated Southern 
Memorial Association, and donated five dollars towards the 
removal of our Southern dead interred in Washington, D. C. 
Every Memorial Day a handsome wreath has been hung at the 
tomb of the Army of Northern Virginia, where our Chief- 
tain was first laid. Tributes were sent to the funerals 
of the late General Gilmore, Major General Louisiana 
Division United Confederate Veterans, and Mrs. Mary Stamps, 
widow of Capt. Isaac Stamps, a nephew of Mr. Davis, who was 
killed at the battle of Gett3'Sburg, July 4, 1863. We took a 
consi^icuous part in the State Reunion in 1899 at Baton Rouge. 
The Association recently lost one of its most esteemed honorary 
members, Mrs. Stephen R. Mallory. Among our honorary 
members are Mrs. Braxton Bragg and Prof. John Dimitry. 

Mrs. a. W. Egberts, President. 

— 197 — 



louisiaxa iiistomcal associatioisr, 
:memorial hall, new Orleans, Louisiana. 

The Confederate Memorial Hall is situated near Lee Circle 
and niomunent to General Robert E. Lee. The Ladies' Confed- 
erate ^Memorial Association has its local habitation and place 
of meeting in the Confederate Memorial Hall of the Louisiana 
Historical Association. It shares with the United Daughters 
of the Confederacy and other Confederate Associations of 
Veterans and Sons of Veterans, the privilege of meeting in this 
temple of Confederate worship, under overhanging, tattered 
and blood stained flags, in the midst of thousands of valuable, 
precious and touching mementoes of the South's short but heroic 
days of separate government. To the sacred collection that 
fills tliis Hall, the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association has 
added many important contributions, and a case has been 
alloted to them. In many other ways these Associations have 
testified their deep interest in the purposes to which the Hall is 
dedicated, and by presentations and public functions have added 
attractiveness to the liall's great usefulness. 

The Board of Governors of the Hall appreciate highly these 
Associiitions of Confederate Ladies, and have found them most 
efficient auxiliaries to their efforts to collect and preserve the 
relics and records of the South's part in the tremendous conflict 
that shook the continent of North America and amazed the 
world, from 18G1 to 18G5. An idea of the Confederate Memorial 
Hall, its purposes and treasures, can be formed from the follow- 
ing account of its founding and management : 

Memorial Hall is managed by the Board of Governors of the 
Louisiana Historical Association, chartered in 1889, for 1)9 
years. It was erected by Frank T. Howard, Esq., of New 
Orleans, the noble son of a gallant Confederate soldier, and by 
him turned over and dedicated perpetually to the purposes of 
the Association, in 1891. It stands on one of the main streets 
of the metropolis of the South, close to Lee Circle, and within 
the shadow of the lofty pillar surmounted by the statute of 
Robert E. Lee. 

Its Charter says: "The collections made, and the donations 
received by the Corporation, shall never be broken up by sale, or 
by division among its members, nor shall any article be removed 
fiom New Orleans, nor any article be exchanged or disposed of, 

— 198 — 



«(, 




< 

_j (/) .2 
< < '3 

•^ -J -J 
-J < . 

< y 2 
oo ^ 

§ H O 

sx E 

< z 
z 

< 

oo 

D 

o 



except b}' the unanimous vote of tlie Board of Governors and by 
the consent of the donors." 

The By-laws say: "It is tlie intent that this Association shall 
bo perpetual, but in the event of its dissolution, all collections 
of every kind, and all assets, after the pa3Tnent of its obligations^ 
shall go and be vested in the Howard ]\remorial Library Associa- 
tion, excepting the right of reversion of manual gifts to the 
donors or their forced heirs, and the contributions from Con- 
federate Veteran Associations." 

The State of Louisiana in its present Constitution, says : "The 
General Assembly shall appropriate not less than $1,200 per 
annum for the maintenance in New Orleans of a Memorial Hall, 
or repository for the collection and preservation of relics and 
mementoes of the late Civil War, and of other objects of 
interest." 

In conformity with this clause of the State's Constitution, the 
last General Assembly appropriated the sum of $1,600 per 
annum for the two years intervening before its next meeting. 
Contributions by visitors add to the amount for maintenance 
derived from the State. An Endowment Fund has also been 
started. ISTo admission fee is charged to view the collection, and 
Memorial Hall is daily open from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m., but only 
until noon on Sundays and Holidays. A^isitors average fully 
25,000 per annum. 

Memorial Hall is the headquarters and assembly place of all 
Confederate Associations in Xew Orleans — the Camps of United 
Confederate Veterans, the Cliapters of Daughters of the Con- 
federacy, the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association, the 
Camps of United Sons of Confederate Veterans, and the Jeffer- 
son Davis Monument Association. It is the headquarters of the 
Louisiana Division of Confederate Veterans, and the depository 
of the archives of the general organization of the United Con- 
federate Veterans. The great temple of Confederate worship 
of New Orleans, it stands at the pinnacle of institutions of its 
kind in the South. 

To the security of Memorial Hall's keeping; to the pub- 
licity of a great city ; to the appreciation of an intensely Confed- 
erate community; for the enjoyment of the largest number of 
the survivors of the Armies and Navy of the Confederacy; for 
the education of the Southern youth of the day ; for the enlight- 
enment of generations to come as to our motives and deeds; the 

— 199 — 



Board of Governors of the Louisiana Historical Association 
invite the gift or deposit of war relics, mementoes, and docu- 
ments of every description, from surrounding Sttites, from the 
whole South, from all who wish to preserve the evidences and 
material from wliich History will draw its facts concerning the 
Southern Confederacy of America, its purposes, its resources, 
its people, its soldiers, its deeds, its rise and fall. The student 
will also find in the Howard Memorial Library, adjoining 
Memorial Hall, a special section devoted to the literature of and 
respecting the Confederate period of United States History. 

The Board of Governors is composed of five representatives, 
per organization, from the following Confederate Associations: 
the Army of Northern Virginia, Camp No. 1, IT. C. V. ; the 
Army of Tennessee, Camp No. 2, U, C. V.; the Veteran Con- 
federate States Cavalry, Camp No. 9, U. C. V. ; the Washington 
Artillery, Camp No. 15, U. C. V., and five members of the Board 
of the Howard Memorial Library. 

The officers of the Association are: Geo. A. Williams, Esq., 
President ; Frank T. Howard, Esq., First Vice-President ; B. F. 
Eshleman, Esq., Second Vice-President; J. A. Chalaron, Secre- 
tary and Treasurer. 

The collection contains at present : 

6i Confederate battle flags and guidons. 
4 Federal captured flags. 
290 Lithographs, engravings and crayons (framed). 

31 Oil paintings (framed). 
550 Photographs, daguerreotypes and ambrotypes. 
70 Swords of Generals, field and line officers. 
40 Guns and pistols. 

46 Cannon balls and shells, used in battle. 
55 Hats, kepis and uniforms, worn during the war. 
I 8-inch Columbiad (Confederate make) disabled in battle. 
I Piano (battle-scarred) played on, in trenches, at Jackson, Miss. 
I Bronze bust of Gen. R. E. Lee, and relics and letters of his. 
Gen. G. T. Be.\uregard's bust, official papers, uniform, sword, 

kepi, spurs, and other personal military effects. 
Gen. Bragg's uniform, swords, spurs, pistols, Bible, and other 

personal effects. 
Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston's sword. 

Gen. E. Kirhv Smith's uniform, commissions, and other mili- 
tary papers. 
Gen. D. W. Adams' sword, uniform, bullets that wounded him, 
and many personal papers. 
I Life-size portrait in oil of Jefferson Davis. 
— 200 — 



I Splendid oil portrait of " Stonewai-L " Jackson. 
iSoo Volumes and pamphlets of the war. 
350 Maps and views of battle-fields. 
340 Muster rolls and lists of troops. 
3500 Documents, manuscript books, orders and other military papers. 
Relics from the battle-field of New Orleans, and valuable papers 

relating to the colonial days of Louisiana. 
In addition to the above, the Jefferson Davis collection of the 
Hall contains over 6,000 articles ; comprising his cradle, and a large 
number of articles personal to him; 750 volumes and pamphlets of 
his library, many pictures and engravings that hung in his study; his 
chair and those of his children ; 4,000 official papers, manuscript books, 
dispatches received, and other papers of an official character. Com- 
pleting this precious collection, 300 articles personal to Miss Winnie 
Davis are to be found. 

In sending these articles to Memorial Hall, Mrs. Jefferson Davis 
wrote : " I send them there because my heart is in Memorial Hall." 

Beside what is here enumerated, the Hall's collection contains hun- 
dreds of other articles and mementoes of inestimable value. 

The collection contains fully 15,000 articles, and is daily receiving 
new contributions. 



29\ 



i/ 




MISSISSIPPI 




JEFFERSON DAVIS HOj\IE MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI. 

The Jefferson Davis Home Memorial Association was organized 
in Biloxi, Harrison County, Mississippi, on Monday, February 
23, 1903. Its objects and purposes being the same as that of 
otlier memorial associations in Mississippi, and other States, 
namely, the owning, maintaining and repairing of monuments, 
and places of interment, for the Southern Soldiers who died 
on the field of battle during the late war, or served creditably, 
and for the collection and preservation of the history of said 
soldiers, and for active participation in all memorial work. 

The ladies interested in the organization of this Association 
met at the residence of Mrs. Joseph R. Davis, on Seal Avenue, in 
the City of Biloxi, and after some general discussion as to the 
necessity for such organization it was moved and seconded 
that we go into a regular organization, by the immediate elec- 
tion of officers. Mrs. ]\Iary Evans-Maybin was nominated for 
President and unanimously elected, and the following ladies 
unanimously elected also to the necessary offices, namely: Mrs. 
Sarah Jeffries Buck, First Vice-President; Mrs. Samuel Green 
Haj-ward, Second Vice-President; Mrs. E. M. Harper, Corres- 
ponding Secretary; Miss Mary Armstrong, Recording Secretary; 
Mrs. John C. Caraway, Treasurer; Mrs. D. A. Nash, Historian. 

Mrs. Mary Evans-Maybin, who was honored with the Presi- 
dency, is the daughter of Captain J. J. Evans and Julia M. 
Tompkins. Her father entered the Army at nineteen years of 
age, being Adjutant to General Joseph R. Davis, with the rank 
of captain. His record as a soldier is too well known to mention 
more at this time. 

She had two uncles on her maternal side, both giving good 
service to their cause, and three on her paternal side — two 
were surgeons and one in the ranks. 



MRS. V. JEFFERSON DAVIS. 
Beauvoir, Mississippi. 



Her mother, thoiigh only a little girl, was no less a soldier, 
as she was engaged in knitting socks, assisting in making clothing 
or picking old things to pieces to obtain lint for the dressing 
of wounds. Mrs. Maybin is deeply interested in this work. 

Mrs. S. G. Hayward moved that the New Association be 
called " The Jefferson Davis Home Memorial." Mrs. Hayward's 
motion received numerous seconds and that name unanimously 
adopted. 

The presence of the aged widow of the Confederacy, Mrs. 
\. Jefferson Davis, gave a tender and pathetic interest to the 
Southern women gathered to do honor to her husband and 
their '' Chieftain," and her sweet sympathy and words of encour- 
agement were an inspiration and Godspeed to the new born 
Association. 

Mrs. Davis was made Honorary President for life, and her 
daughter, Mrs. Margaret Davis Hayes, an honorary member, and 
the Secretary instructed to notify Mrs. Hayes of her election. 

Since its organization " The Jefferson Davis Home Memorial " 
has held monthly meetings, and at the regular meeting in March, 
at the home of Mesdames Evans and Maybin, the Association 
entertained as guests of honor, Mrs. V. Jefferson Davis, Mrs. 
W. J. Behan, President of the Confederated Southern Memorial 
Association and Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association of 
New Orleans, and Mrs. A. McC. Kimbrough, of Greenwood, 
Miss. Mrs. Behan and Mrs. Kimbrough were given the privilege 
of the floor and were eloquent and enthusiastic, each in their 
expressions of sympathy in the work of the new association, 
Mrs. Kimbrough being widely known as the devoted organizer 
of the Beauvoir Home Memorial, of Greenwood, Miss. At the 
April meeting it was decided to make application for membership 
in the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, that great 
band of Soiithern women who have been working, each in its 
own individual Association and plan of work, since the eventful 
days of '65, and feeling the desire to be recognized as one great 
sisterhood, united at a called meeting in Louisville, Kentucky, 
May 30, 1900. 

The " Jefferson Davis Home Memorial Association " was 
accepted on its credentials, and enrolled on the list of member- 
ship. 

In May, delegates were elected to represent the " Jefferson 
Davis Home Memorial " at the Convention of the Confederated 

— 203 — 



Southern Memorial Association, to be held in N"ew Orleans 
at the time of the animal reunion of the Confederate A'eterans, 
and ;Mrs. Joseph II. Davis and ]\Irs. Theresa Hoxie were the 
ladies lionored by selection. 

Tlie recent purcluise of Bcauvoir, the home of Jefferson Davis, 
by the " Sons of Veterans of the State of Mississippi," for a 
soldiers" home, luis awakened an interest in Confederate matters, 
which has long lain dormant in the Sea Coast Counties of 
]\Iississippi. The Avomen of Biloxi, by their close proximity 
to historic Beauvoir, will liavo tlie opportunity of assisting the 
Sons of Veterans in their noble work, tlie care of the feeble 
survivors and heroes of a just and holy cause, and of perpetuat- 
ing b}' deeds of kindness and love to the helpless inmates of 
Beauvoir, the memories of a cause and its great leader. 

And what a greater monument to Jefferson Davis, than to 
shelter and protect, in the place made sacred by his occupancy, 
the men wlio followed him through the four long years of 
hardship and suffering, to put memorials there of his devoted 
wife, who made Beauvoir the haven of rest to '' our Chieftain," 
and to the idolized Daughter of the Confederacy, Sweet Winnie 
Davis, whose girlish presence, in the days, alas ! no more, has 
left an ineffaceable memory. 

Thc'Jefferson Davis Home Memorial is pledged to perpetuate 
these clierished memories, and to aid the Sons of Veterans 
of Mississippi. In the march of time the ranks of the Southern 
heroes are rapidly thinning, and very soon all will rest neath the 
shadow of the trees, where the majority of their comrades have 
long since pitched their silent tents, but as long as time will 
be, the memories of their gallant deeds and their perpetuation in 
history and marble, will be the work of tlie devoted women of 
the memorial associations. 

Mrs. Joseph R. Davis, 
Chairman Historical Committee. 



— 204 — 



BEAUYOIR HOME MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
GREENWOOD, MISSISSIPPI. 

With the death of Mr. Davis, while Southland yet movirned 
that her Chieftain was not, came the thought of preserving his 
home, beautiful Beauvoir, the home in which were spent the 
last days of his noble life, a life consecrated to his country 
and its cause; Beauvoir, bound to us by a thousand heart 
stirring memories, a shrine for worshippers of our beloved Cause, 
a Mecca for those who honored our great Chief, a haven sweet 
and restful for tliose who followed him through the bloody days 
of shot and shell ; Beauvoir fragrant with the memory of the 
sweet young life spent there, the life of the fair " Daughter of the 
Confederacy," Winnie Davis; Beauvoir, made dear to us by 
the touch of that noble and iinselfish wife, Varina Jefferson 
Davis, who shared with her distinguished husband those cheerless 
days of imprisonment, days of sorrow within the walls of Fortress 
Monroe. 

After the bloody strife was ended and the cloud of war had 
cleared away, leaving to view naught but desolation in our once 
fair and beautiful Southland, President Davis, the great leader 
of an Aristocracy of Southerners, turned to the State of his 
love and adoption, disfranchised, his property confiscated, home- 
less, to find a quiet restful place to give to the world a true 
history of " The Rise and Fall of the Confederacy." 

While in Memphis where he had entered the life insurance 
business came an invitation from Mrs. Dorsey to visit " Beau- 
voir," her home. 

This invitation was accepted and Mr. Davis, finding it an 
ideal place for his purpose, away from the noise and strife of the 
world, proposed to buy the place. His proposition was accepted 
and thus " Beauvoir," beautiful or Fair View, was destined to 
take its place in history. 

Mr. Davis enjoyed this home, where his tender and loving wife 
lavished her every energy to make it a haven of rest for her 
husband; a home of true Southern hospitality for the con- 
course of visitors who daily frequented it for the privilege of 
grasping the hand of the man who was the vicarious sacrifice 
on the altar of his country. 

After his death, which occurred at New Orleans, December 
6, 1889, at the residence of his life long friend, Hon. Chas. E. 
Fenncr, Mrs. Davis and Winnie, the dream of the South and 

— 205 — 



the cherished love of every Confederate Teteran, lived there a 
lone and desolate life. Their protector was gone and with 
breaking hearts they realized that the separation from their 
beloved home must come. They could not live longer there 
alone. It was their dearest hope that this hallowed spot should 
be kept in memory of their illustrious dead, and that there 
miglit be a home for the homeless men who wore the gray. 
But how could this be accomplished? They could not, as they 
desired to do, give it to the State. 
'' God works in a mysterious way his wonders to perform."' 

Mrs. a. McC. Kimbrough, 

President. 



Shortly after Mrs. Davis and Miss Winnie had gone to New 
York to superintend the publication of Mrs. Davis' book, the life 
of her husband, the Beauvoir Historical and Improvement Asso- 
ciation was inaugurated by Mrs. A. McC. Kimbrough, of Green- 
wood, Mississippi. Soon after the storm of 1893, which wrought 
great destruction on the Mississippi coast, this good woman 
visited this historic home. Being deeply touched by the dilapi- 
datioa and ravages of the storm, she wrote an article, calling 
attention to the condition of the place. She said : " I saw a 
sight to-day that filled my eyes with tears. It was the wreck 
of Beauvoir, where our Chieftain lived for years. I saw laid 
low the giant oak, the cedar and the pine, beneath whose shade 
he used to sit and dream away the time." 

Mrs. Kimbrough and her co-workers, with the earnestness of 
purpose whicli characterizes Southern women, undertook to re- 
store the old home as nearly as possible to its former condition. 
Their intention was to keep it as a home for Mrs. Davis and her 
beloved Winnie, the Daughter of the Confederacy. This Asso- 
ciation was formed in Greenwood, Mississippi, with Mrs. A. 
McC. Kimbrough, President; Mrs. L. P. Yerger, Vice-President; 
Mrs. II. L. Kichardson, Eecording and Corresponding Secretary; 
Mrs. E. H. Hicks, Treasurer. The organization formed auxilia- 
ries at other places, but the only one which continued its long and 
determined efforts was the one at Greenwood. Later on, finding 
that it was ;Mrs. Davis' wish to have the place owned by some 
Confederate organization, they bent every effort to gratify her 
wish, and kept up their exertions in this direction until the 
Sons of Veterans undertook the purchase. With this, the Associa- 

— 20C — 




Z 



m = -Q 

Q -^ 

u- > 

z 



U 



tion changed its name to the " Beanvoir Home Memorial Associa- 
tion," and now continues its efforts to assist the Sons. 

This movement to preserve Beanvoir was inaugurated by Mrs. 
A. McC. Kimbrough, v/hose face, beaming with ideality, is 
found on preceding pages of this book. 

Mrs. Kimbrough succeeded in enlisting the Sons of Veterans 
of Mississippi in the cause of the preservation of Beanvoir. The 
home of Jefferson Davis will become the " Confederate Soldiers' 
Home," of Mississippi. 



CONFEDERATE CEMETEEY MEMORIAL 

ASSOCIATION. 

VICKSBURCt, MISSISSIPPI. 

May 15, 1866 — At a large called meeting of the ladies of 
Vicksburg, at the court house, the Vicksburg Confederate 
Cemetery Association was organized by electing Mrs. E. S. 
Eggleston, President; Mrs. Wm. H. Stevens, Mrs. E. D. Wright, 
Mrs. T. A. Marshall, Mrs. Annie DeMoss, Vice-Presidents; Miss 
Ellen Martin was elected Secretary and Mrs. A. H. Arthur, 
Treasurer. 

The following executive committees were appointed : 

To find, mark, tend and report the graves of all Confederate 
dead scattered over our hillside for reburial : Mrs. T. A. Marshall, 
Mrs. Wm. M. McCutchen, Mrs. R. Hawks, Mrs. Caroline Searles, 
Mrs. Ben Hardaway. 

To select ground for the Confederate Cemetery: Mrs. R. 
Barnett, Mrs. Hansford, Mrs. Martlia Lawrence, Mrs. Hugh 
Markham. 

Finance Committee— Mrs. E. D. Wright, Mrs. A. M. Paxton, 
Mrs. M. E. Roach, Mrs. J. G. Atwood, Mrs. Annie Flowerree, 
Misses Lucy Irwin, Letitia Arthur, Lucy Marshall, Margaret 
Moore, Rose Green, Lavenia Shannon, Lizzie Jane Stovall, 
Mollie Crump. 

May 28, 1866 — Mrs. E. T. Eggleston resigned and Mrs. John 
Willis was elected president. 

June 8, 1866 — Mrs. John Willis, President, resigned and 
Mrs. E. D. Wright was elected to fill her place. Mrs. Wright 
continued to act as President, serving faithfully until her death, 
in 1891. At this meeting resolutions were passed thanking the 

— 207 — 



noble women of I\rarvland for their continuous self-sacrificinsr 
devotion to the relief of the suffering in the impoverished, deso- 
lated South, and for their munificent gifts to the destitute of 
our own State. ]Sruiii])ers of graves were reported as marked 
and tended. 

Judge ,L \V. M. II arris reported fifty graves upon his grounds 
as cared for. These bodies, when subsequently exhumed from 
Judge Harris' gi-ound, were found to be in a state of almost 
perfect preservation, though buried in the most ordinary wooden 
boxes. It was supposed that petrification had supervened. 

Resolutions of thanks were tendered Col. G. T. Parker, of the 
U. S. Army, who, out of the magnanimity of liis own nature, 
had, Avhile detailed to collect the bodies of the Northern dead, 
marked and numbered the graves of the Confederates and made 
a record of three thousand graves thus found in a large book, 
which beautiful record he now presented to the Association. 

At the same meeting the hearts of the women of our Con- 
federate Cemetery Association were made glad and grateful and 
their faith uplifted by the announcement of the munificent gift 
of the ground which now constitutes our Confederate Cemetery. 

The cemetery was bought of ^Er. Eobert Hough and wife. It 
continues an enduring witness of their loyalty to the cause and 
largeness of heart. This gift was tendered through Mrs. E. T. 
Eggleston. 

The deed to the cemetery was made to jMrs. E. D. Wright, 
President, and Miss Ellen ]\Iartin, Secretary of the Confederate 
Cemetery Association, as trustees, to be held perpetually for 
the sacred purpose of a burial place of the Confederate Dead. 
The Association now began with renewed energy and with 
sorrowful, yet glad hearts, to gather their dead to this final 
resting place. 

July 9, 1866 — The finance committee having been invited 
to greater effort, reported various individual amounts collected. 
Mrs. Annie Floweree had collected the largest amount, per- 
sonallv, $2;?2.00. Fees of membership, $1.00 annually, and 
of honorary membership, $5.00, were not included in these 
collections. 

July 17, 18()6 — Miss Ellen ]\Iartin and ]\Irs. Annie DeMoss 
iianded the Treasurer $442.00, the proceeds of a concert arranged 
by them. This success was greatly due to the singing of Mrs. 
Eugene Roach and Mrs. Emily M. Farrar. 

— 208 — 



Mrs. John Willis remitted to the Treasurer $956.-15, the result 
of exquisite tableaux which she had prepared. 

September, 1866 — The meetings of the Association were 
suspended for a time on account of cholera, prevailing to some 
extent, ahnost entirely among negroes and United States soldiers, 
quartered here, who were using river water. 

January, 1867 — Miss Ellen Martin, Secretary of the Con- 
federate Cemetery Association, memorialized the Legislature, 
asking assistance from the State toward completing the work 
of re-burial of the Confederate Dead. 

Through the efficient assistance of Dr. Harvey Shannon and 
Major Charles Swett, in the Senate and Legislature, a bill 
passed unanimously upon the reading of the memorial, grant- 
ing $1,000.00 for the purpose requested. 

This is a brief history, from the records, of the work of 
re-burying our dead heroes. 

Since that time, by unobtrusive but persistent effort, the 
graves have l^een cared for in a measure, by a few faithful 
women — notably Mrs. Wright and Mrs. Eggleston. Our noble 
President, Mrs. E. D. Wright, was called to her reward in 
1891. She had served in this work for more than a quarter 
of a century, even supervising personally, when necessary, the 
taking up and reverent handling of the sacred dust of our Con- 
federate Dead. 

As President of the Confederate Cemetery Association, she 
supplemented the four years work as President of the Confeder- 
ate Aid Association, to which she had given such marvelous 
efficiency during the war. 

January, 1892 — The mantle having dropped from Mrs. 
Wright's shoulders upon those of our present worthy President, 
Mrs. Stevens, she published a call for a meeting of the Con- 
federate Cemetery Association and all interested in preserving 
the memory of our dead heroes, to be held in the Presbyterian 
church, January 10, 1892. 

This meeting was held. It consisted of the President, Mrs. 
Stevens, and Secretary, Miss Ellen Martin — these two — but 
they were not daunted ; they determined imanimously, then and 
there, to reorganize and to erect a monument to mark the graves 
and perpetuate the memory of our heroic dead. 

With only a few hundred dollars in the treasury, accumulated 
by the sale of some lots from our Confederate cemetery ground; 

— 209 — 



buoyed by faitli in the Cause and in the latent love of the people 
for it, they adjourned to the marble yard and commenced the 
Avork of selecting, ordering and rearing a monument. They 
did not count in vain. Others have come to their help and the 
beautiful monument bears testimony to-day of tlieir success. 

There was quite a revival of interest in tlie old Confederate 
Cemetery Association after the monument was unveiled April 
2G, 1893. ]\Ieetings were held with some regularity and an 
acting secretary chosen in the person of, Miss Margaret A. 
Logan to relieve Miss Martin, charter meml)cr and Secretary, 
now in feeble health. In 1896 a new charter was voted upon 
and adopted. Under the new constitution the following officers 
were elected to serve for one year: Mrs. M. A. Stevens, Presi- 
dent; Mrs. Frank Hoffman, First Vice-President; Mrs. Thos. 
W. Preston, Second Vice-President; Mrs. E. C. Carroll, 
Treasurer; Miss Ellen IMartin, Honorary Secretary; Mrs. Chas. 
G. Wright, Secretary. In October of the same year it was 
decided to add, ^'Memorial," to the chartered name, and that it 
sliould henceforth be known as the "Confederate Cemetery 
Memorial Association," with a roll of four officers, thirty-four 
active and two honorary members. 

In* 1897 were added ten more honorary members, including 
the following surviving Confederate Generals: Lt. Gen. Alex. 
P. Stewart, Maj. Gen. Stephen D. Lee, Gen. Jos. E. Wheeler, 
Lt. Gen. Wade Hampton, Lt. Gen. Jno. B. Gordon, Gen. James 
Longstreet. In 1893 the city made its first appropriation for 
meeting expenses of Confederate Meniorial Day, and the money 
was asked for by Camp No. 32, United Confederate Veterans, in 
the name of the Confederate Cemetery IMemorial Association. 
In 1S97 the Association decided to ask for this appropriation and 
arrange for the procession and proper observance of the day, in 
their own persons, the Camp to unite with the Association, using 
its own ritual upon the occasion. This order has l)ecn carried 
out yearly, and the imposing procession wends its annual course 
to the Confederate Cemetery with all the pomp and circumstance 
of martial music, marcliing soldiers, and the firing of a 
salute over the graves of the men who wore the gray. The Con- 
federate flag is furled, and red, white and red are the colors of 
the day. The city's stores and banks and schools are closed, 
and thousands go out to assist in strewing flowers over the 
graves of tlie Confederate Dead and to listen to the words of 



— 210 




VICE-PRESIDENTS 

CONFEDERATED SOUTHERN MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 

I. Mrs. Garland Jones, 2. Mrs. M. A. Stevens, 

Raleigh, N. C Vicksburg, Miss. 

3. Mrs. Sterling C. Robertson, 4. Mrs. W. D. Chipley, 

Waco, Texas. Pensacola, Fla. 

5. Miss Missie Ault, 6. Mrs. Shelton Chieves, 

Knoxville, Tenn. Petersburg, Va. 



some gifted orator and to Join in the solemn prayers offered 
by a loving people, prayers that the South may always cherish 
tlie memories of those that died for her and that the bloody 
chasm may remain forever closed. After the singing of a hymn, 
the mnltitude disperses. The Union A^eteran League are the 
guests of the Memorial Association upon the occasion, and their 
floral offerings are handsome and much appreciated. This 
annual observance of a day "in memoriam" may be only senti- 
ment, but is firmly lodged in our hearts. 

February 28, 1898, our venerable Honorary Secretary, Miss 
Ellen Martin, "passed over the river," having served the Asso- 
ciation for nearly thirty-tAvo years. Other chartered members 
have since been called away, and Mrs. Stevens is almost sole 
representative of the old band who took upon themselves the 
task of providing a last resting place for the dead soldiers 
scattered all over the hills in and around Vicksburg. 

The Confederate Cemetery Memorial Association has charge 
of the Confederate Cemetery and its beautiful monument; this 
Association is also the custodian of the monument erected by 
Louisiana, in memory of those who fell during the siege of 
Vicksburg, 1861-1865. The memorial procession forms at the 
Louisiana monument, the military present arms, two verses of 
a hymn sung during which the flower girls strew the mound 
with flowers, the monument having been previously decorated 
by the Misses Birchelt, a perpetual committee appointed by Con- 
federate Cemetery Memorial Association, a prayer is said, then 
the march to Confederate Cemetery is begun. Arriving there 
the artillery fires a salute, the Confederate ritual is read, the 
mound decorated by flower girls, the remaining verses of the 
hymn sung, the oration delivered, followed by the benediction. 

At present the Association numbers twenty-one. Including 
the officers. Mrs. M. A. Stevens, our President, is now eighty- 
three years of age, and with one exception the sole survivor of 
those who answered to the first call of the Association in 1866. 
Mrs. M. P. Koach is the one exception, she is the daughter of Mrs. 
E. A. Eggieston, first President elected but resigning in two 
weeks. The present Secretary is daughter-in-law of Mrs. E. D. 
Wright, who served the Association for twenty-five years as 
President, from the third week of its life. Mrs. Stevens is Vice- 
President from Mississippi of the Confederated Southern 

— 211 — 



Memorial Association, of whicli we became chartered members 
at Louisville. Kv., May, 1900. 

Mrs. Charles Gascoigne Wright, 

Secretary. 


:\IES. THEODOSIA WORTHINGTOX YALLIANT, 
VICE-PRESIDENT CONFEDERATED SOUTHERN • 
MiniOniAL ASSOCIATION, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURL 

At tlie third annual convention of the Confederated Southern 
Memorial Association at Dallas, Texas, a resolution offered by 
Mrs. M. Louise Benton Graham, vras adopted, that a page in the 
History of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association be 
set apart for a biography of ^Mrs. Valliant as a fitting testimony 
of appreciation for her unfaltering energy in organizing 
branches of Confederate Memorial work in the State of Mis- 
souri. In the heart of this patriotic woman slumbered always 
the noble fires of love for the South, which burst forth in 
enthusiastic flames of devotion to work, whenever there is a 
call *for a Southron's aid — for a Southern Cause. Her first 
recorded memorial work was in 1867 in the town of Greenville, 
Mississippi, then her home, where she and many others Avere 
instrumental in sending a large sum of money for the monument 
erected to General Robert E. Lee, in Richmond, Virginia. In 
the City of St. Louis, IMissouri, Janiuiry, 1891, a call was issued 
to Southern women, in response to which ninety-seven ladies 
met in the parlor of the Southern Hotel and organized a society 
called "St. Louis Daughters of the Confederacy.*' Mrs. L. M. 
McLure was chosen President; Mrs. Randolph Hutchinson, first 
Vice-President; Mrs. Leroy B. Valliant, second A'ice-President. 
The first year the Society achieved a great financial success, 
aggregating seven thousand nine hundred and forty-five dollars 
and eighty-five cents. In six years the Society collected twenty- 
eight thousand dollars, which was donated to the Confederate 
Home Association for the erection of a Home for Confederate 
Veterans in Iligginsville, Missouri. In 1896 the St. Louis 
Chapter, with other Chapters, organized a State Association 
iinder the name "Daughters of the Confederacy of ]\Iissouri." 
Mrs. Louis Houck, of Cape Girardeau, was elected President; 
Mrs. Valliant, Secretary; Miss Lessure, Treasurer. The organ- 



ization increased in numbers until sixty Chapters were formed. 
It was the first body of Southern women chartered in Missouri. 
They afterwards raised six thousand dollars, and assisted 
by the Confederate Veterans, erected the first monument 
in Missouri at Springfield, where are buried five hundred Con- 
federate soldiers killed in battle at Wilson's Creek. This monu- 
ment was made in Florence, Italy, by Mr. Trentanove, a 
celebrated sculptor. ]\Irs. Valliant's heart turned with linger- 
ing love to memorial work commenced in Mississippi, and in 
1900, at Louisville, Kentucky, where the Confederate Memorial 
Associations met and entered into a Confederation, she, with the 
assistance of Mrs. Jennie Edwards and Mrs. j\IcGowan organ- 
ized the Confederate Memorial Society of Missouri. The 
officers were: Mrs. Theodosia Worthington Valliant, President; 
Mrs. Celeste Pim, First A^ice-President ; Mrs. Phil Chew, 
Second Vice-President ; Mrs. Jennie Edwards, Secretary ; Mrs. 
McGowan, Treasurer. This Society has one hundred and fifty 
members, and at each meeting new names are enrolled. From 
their first entertainment they cleared fourteen hundred dollars, 
Mr. Lorone Jones, of St. Louis, contributed one hundred dollars, 
through Mrs. Valliant, for a Missouri Memorial window in "Old 
Blandford Church," at Petersburg, A^irginia. The window will 
cost five hundred dollars when completed. This sum has been 
contributed by the Confederate Memorial Society of St. Louis, 
assisted by the Sterling Price Memorial Societ}^ of Jefferson 
City, Missouri, the Blandford Memorial Society of Mexico, Mis- 
souri, and the Memorial Society of Springfield, Missouri. Mrs. 
Valliant assisted in organizing the Sterling Price Society at 
Jefferson City and Blandford Memorial Society of Mexico. 
Mrs. Valliant was born at Harrodsburg Springs, Kentucky, 
where her parents were sojourning for the summer. She is the 
daughter of Judge Isaac Mason Worthington and Mrs. Anne 
Taylor Worthington. Her father moved from Kentucky, his 
native State, to Washington County, Mississippi, in the year 
1820. He was a wealthy cotton planter and exerted great 
influence on account of his moral and religious character. Mrs. 
Worthington, mother of Airs. Valliant, was one of the highest 
type of Southern women, combining rare beauties of person and 
character. Mrs. A'^alliant's ancestral record goes back to the 
colonial days of Virginia and Maryland and the early days of 
Kentucky. She was partly educated in Lexington, Kentucky, 

— 213 — 



aud Patapsco lustitute, Maryland, and was married on 
the 21st of October, 1862, to Leroy B. Valliant, a lawyer, who 
served in the Confederate Army as Captain of the 22d Missis- 
sippi Regiment. They moved from Washington County, Missis- 
sippi, to St. Louis in 1874. Judge Valliant has been twice 
elected Supreme Judge of ]\Iissouri, which ])osition he now holds. 
Mrs. Valliant has three sons, Frank Worthington Valliant, John 
Worthington Valliant, and Leroy Worthington Valliant. 



:i4 




MRS. LEROY B. VALLIANT. 

Vice-President for Missouri, Confederated Soutiiern Memorial^Association, 

St. Louis. Missouri. 



SAMUEL S. HARRIS MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
CAPE GIRARDEAU, MISSOURI. 

The Samuel S. Harris Memorial Association of the Confeder- 
ated Southern Memorial Association was formed on April 9th, 
1902, as follows : 

*Mrs. Julia E. Harris, President; Miss Alma E. Albert, 
Secretary (removed to Baltimore) ; Mrs. Louis Houck, Corres- 
ponding Secretary; Mrs. W. T. Wilson, Treasurer; Mrs. Louis 
B. Houck, Mrs. Robt. L. Wilson, Mrs. Wm. B. Wilson, Mrs. Sam 
M. Green, Mrs. Belle Wheeler, Mrs. Kate Hamilton, Mrs. N. 
E. Frissell, Mrs. Frank E. Burrough, Mrs. Sophia Painter, Mrs. 
Ellen Wright, Mrs. R. B. Oliver, Mrs. L. J. Albert, Jr., Mrs. 
Hattie C. Morton, Mrs. Edward S. Lilly, Mrs. Elmer Ealy, 
Mrs. Rodney G. Whitlaw, Mrs. J. M. Morse, Mrs. J. M. Craig, 
Mrs. Marshall Snyder, Mrs. Rosa Albrent, Mrs. George Thorn- 
ton, Mrs. Otto Kochtitzky, Mrs. John Reagan (transferred to 
Little Rock, Arkansas), Miss Louise Ranney, Miss Clara Rider. 

The membership of this chapter is composed largely of the 
charter members of the Cape Girardeau " Daughters of the 
Confederacy of Missouri," organized on June 15, 1891, as one of 
the many auxiliary societies to the Ex-Confederate Association, 
the purpose of which was to build a home for disabled Confed- 
erate soldiers in this State. 

It did splendid work in helping to build and support the 
Confederate Home at Higginsville until the State took charge of 
the Home. This transfer necessitated a change in the work of 
the Southern women of the State and in 1897 the " Daughters 
of the Confederacy of Missouri," became a chartered Associa- 
tion, having as its object, " monumental, historical and benevo- 
lent " work. 

As a member of this association this chapter assisted in build- 
ing the beautiful monument at Springfield, Missouri. 

^Deceased. 



The charter President of the State association was a member 
of this chapter. In November, 1903, the State association of 
the " Daughters of the Confederac}' " became a part of the 
Missouri Division of the National Society of the United 
Daughters of the Confederacy. 

This chapter reserved its independence and became a part of 
the Confederated Southern Memorial Association. 

In its twelve years of existence no call for aid has been denied. 
Since its incorporation in the Confederated Southern Memo- 
rial Association this Association has contributed as follows : 

To the Jefferson Davis Monument, at Richmond, Virginia — 
one hundred dollars; to the Missouri table at the Bazaar in 
Eichmond, Virginia, for the benefit of the Davis Monument — 
ten dollars; to Fayetteville, Arkansas, for marking the graves 
of Missouri soldiers — twenty-five dollars; for improvement of 
Confederate cemetery at Higginsville, Missouri — ten dollars. 
Mrs. Julia E. Plarris, the charter President of our Association 
of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, died of 
heart disease, suddenly, in St. Louis, Missouri, on the 2nd of 
February, 1903. 

S^e was the youngest daughter of ^Ir. and Mrs. Joseph 
William Russell, of Jackson, Missouri, one of the oldest families 
in this part of the State. She was the widow of Dr. Samuel S. 
Harris, who was an active and distinguished Confederate officer 
during the late Civil War. 

Her remains were interred in the I^orimier cemetery beside 
her husband and two children. 

We Avho are members of this Association, desire to express 
our deep sorrow at the sudden death of our esteemed co-member 
and worker, and as the years go by and our members become 
fewer we feel the parting all the more keenly, since we are 
deprived of her presence and timely consultations on matters 
concerning the success of our organization. 

Words are poor and weak when we contemplate such a loss. 
It is proper for us who knew her to say, that she was faithful 
in all the relations of life — more is not necessary. 

We ask that a page of our record be set aside and this humble 
tribute be entered thereon. 

Our beloved and zealous President, Mrs. .lidia K. Harris, died 
during the first year of her Presidency. Her deatli was deeply 

— 216 — 



regretted by all the members, to whom she had endeared herself 
by her gentle, sweet disposition. 

Mrs. Louis Houck, 

President. 



STERLINCx PEICE MEMORIAL ASS0CL\T10N. 
JEFFERSON CITY, MISSOURI. 

The Sterling Price ^Memorial Association was organized in Jef- 
ferson City, January 21, 1901, by Mrs. Leroy B. Yalliant of St. 
Louis, Missouri. Upon the above date a meeting of the South- 
ern women in the City, was called at the home of ]\Irs. Margaret 
H. Robertson and a society organized under the happiest aus- 
pices, adopting the name of General Sterling Price, in honor of 
that loyal soldier, true to the Cause throughout the great strug- 
gle; and who figured conspicuously in this part of the State. 
The officers elected for the first year were: Mrs. Margaret H. 
Robertson, President; Mrs. Caroline V. Overstreet, Vice-Presi- 
dent; Mrs. Bernetta J. Rader, Treasurer; Mrs. Beauregard H. 
Ferguson, Secretary. Mrs. Robertson resigned in a short time 
and was succeeded by Mrs. Laura W. Allen, our present efficient, 
zealous and affable presiding officer. The charter members 
are: Mesdames Bernetta J. Rader, Ada C. Price, Jennie Ed- 
wards, Margaret H. Robertson, Christine H. Broughton, Caro- 
line V. Overstreet, Mary B. Corwin, Corinne W. Harding, Annie 
Marstella, Beauregard H. Ferguson. Misses Ella McCarty, Lau- 
ra Edwards and Miller Pope. To these have been added the 
names of Mesdames Laura W. Allen, Mildred P. Standish, 
Frances S. Burkhardt, Caroline S. Davison, Virginia Watson, 
Miss Carrie Davison, Mesdames Eva L. Elliott, Anna M. Miller, 
Misses Daisy Marshall, Letitia JMarshall, Nellie Ellis, Mesdames 
Bettie G. Ellis, Rena Cutten, Ella Whitney, Josephine W. Pol- 
lock, Olivia H. Cook and Miss Gertrude Aubuchon. 

In its labors the Sterling Price Memorial Society realizes 
that its noblest duty is assisting in the line of work taken up 
by the Memorial Societies throughout the State; consequently, 
in the past years its object has been to raise, and donate a sum of 
money, to aid in paying the cost of a memorial window which is 
to be placed in "Old Blandford Church," Petersburg, Va., Mis- 
souri's part in the restoration of that historic old church from 



its chaos of ruins. For this purpose a ball was given by the so- 
ciety on the evening of Xovember 21, 1901, at St. Peters Hall. 
Magnificent in its every detail, and, financially so successful, 
that liesides the above sum, the ladies were enabled to send a 
donation to the Jell'erson Davis j\Ionument fund, and, this they 
hope to increase at no far distant date. In the Confederate Re- 
union in Mempliis, Tenn., May, 1901, the society was repre- 
sented by :Mrs. Laura W. Allen. With great pride we recall 
tlie celebration in Springfield, August, 1901, for, apart from 
the joy experienced in the dedication of the handsome monu- 
ment to the Confederate dead, the culmination of many cher- 
M\ed hopes, we note the prominent part taken by the Sterling 
Price Memorial Society in the imposing ceremonies. 

Miss Laura Edwards, sponsor, daughter of the late John W. 
Edwards, and a member of our Society, lifted the veil from 
the pile of granite, revealing to a vast throng the monument of 
sentiment, beauty and grandeur. Leading the procession of 
maids of honor were other members, and the chaperon of this 
ensemble of Missouri's fair daughters, was Mrs. Laura W. Al- 
len, our President. Among the floral offerings a palm wreath, 
tied»with ribbons of crimson and white, sent by our society, was 
pronounced the handsomest of all, and was suspended upon 
the front of the monument Just below the has relief of General 
Sterling Price. In June last Mrs. Leroy B. Yalliant Avas made 
an honorary member of the society. Her visits and pleasant lit- 
tle talks add much to the interest of the meetings which she 
attends. In the first days of our organization we had no special 
time for the transaction of business, now, however, we meet 
every second riionlli on tlie second Monday, the election of offi- 
cers taking place in January. Last month the old officers were 
all re-elected for a term of two years. During the summer 
months the meetings are held in the evenings. After all busi- 
ness is transacted a social liour is enjoyed, a very pleasant fea- 
ture of tlie meetings, and this year we expect to read and discuss 
many interesting historical subjects. , 

We are not very strong in numbers, but are steadily increas- 
ing, and the society begins its second year with bright prospects. 
Our little l)and is zealous and willing to aid in every enterprise 
that may immortalize the Confederate heroes, sleeping among 
the bright flowers and tangled mosses of the Sunny South, or 



— 218 — 




PRESIDENTS OF MEMORIAL ASSOCIATIONS. 



I. Mrs. W- J. Haydon. 

Springfield, Missouri. 
3. Mrs. M. D. Bibb, 

Montgomery, Alabama. 
5. Mrs. H. Van L. Bird. 

Petersburg, Virginia. 



2. Mrs. William E. Lipscomb, 

Manassas, Virginia. 

4. Mrs. Maria Cogswell, 

Nevada, Missouri. 

6. Mrs. Olivia J. Hatton, 

Portsmouth, Virginia. 



perchance, resting beneath the grasses and blue skies of the 
North-land. Xoble heroes, not conquered, but undone. 

Beauregard H. Ferguson^ 

Secretary. 


BLANDFOED MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
MEXICO, MISSOUEI. 

Tlie Blandford Memorial Association, of Mexico, Missouri, 
has just entered ujDon its first j'ear of existence with brilliant 
piospects. The Association was organized January 23rd, 1902, 
by Mrs. Leroy B. Yalliant, of St. Louis, whose zeal and executive 
ability are accorded loving praise by all who know her. The 
name " Blandford " was bestowed by Mrs. Geo. A. Morris, 
who assisted Mrs. Yalliant in organizing the Association. The 
work has been undertaken principally by young women, and in 
the short period of three months there has been an enrollment 
of forty-two names. We have sent five dollars to the Confederate 
Memorial and Literary Society, of St. Louis, for the Missouri 
Memorial window in " Old Blandford Church," at Petersburg, 
Virginia. We are pledged to assist in all memorial work feeling 
that we owe a sacred duty to the memory of the brave men, who 
died in defence of home and firesides. 



NEVADA MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
NEVADA MISSOUEL 

In Deepwood Cemetery there are buried about eighteen Con- 
federate soldiers and for eight or ten years past several of our 
Confederate ladies and Confederate Veterans have been in the 
habit of meeting on the morning of Memorial Day and placing 
flowers on the graves of these soldiers who died for the Cause 
they believed to be right. So on Saturday, May 25, 1901, the 
wives and daughters of the Confederate Veterans met at the 
home of Mrs. E. J. McGowan to organize a Memorial Associa- 
tion. There were eighteen present and forty-two members en- 
rolled. Mrs. T. C Huston was unanimously elected President; 
Miss Anna Ingram, Vice-President; Mrs. Kathryn Clack, 
Treasurer; Mrs. Annie Lisle Stettmund, Secretary. At the 

— 219 — 



meeting it was decided to allow all Southern sympathizers to 
become members of the Association. 

Most of our members are from Virginia and Kentucky, but 
some are the wives and daughters of those that went througli 
the border war-fare between Missouri and Kansas which began 
long before the hostilities between the North and the South. The 
history of that struggle on the border can never be forgotten by 
those who participated in it. 

On April 2, 19U2, Mrs. Huston, our President, died. She was 
a grand and noble woman and a beautiful representative of our 
true Soutliern womanhood. At the next annual meeting, the re- 
maining officers were re-elected and Mrs. M. Cogswell was chosen 
President. She is the daughter of Colonel Geo. Douglas, one of 
the pioneers of Western j\Iissouri, and the wife of Captain H. 
Clay Cogswell, a true and determined defender of Southern 
Eights. He served in the Trans-Mississippi Department from 
the first battle of Springfield, Missouri, to the battle under Gen. 
Taylor on the banks of Eed Eiver in Louisiana. 

On December IG, lOO"^, our Asociation joined the Confeder- 
ated Southern Memorial Association and we are striving as far 
as ii is in our power to assist in the grand work carried on by 
the women of the South, to erect monimients to the gallant de- 
fenders of the " Southern Cause." This Association has contri- 
buted to the ]\Iissouri Memorial window in ''Old Bland ford 
Church " at Petersburg, A'^irginia, and to the fund for a monu- 
ment to our illustrious Chieftain, Jeftcrson Davis. One of our 
speakers has said, "The bravery of the Confederate soldiers on the 
field of battle has never been surpassed in the annals of the 
world, but great as this was the sublime courage with which 
after the war they took up the duties of civic life, after return- 
ing to their ruined and desolate homes, has commanded the 
respect and admiration of the world. The evening shades of life 
are falling for the survivors of that dreadful conflict and one by 
one they are being laid to rest in their last camping ground." 

By the softening influence of time the hatred of bygone years 
is forgotten. The fires kindled by strife are dead and from the 
ashes lias risen a desire in every heart that future generations 
may realize what a privilege is theirs to honor the heroes of the 
South. 

Mrs. Anxie Lisle Stettmund, 

Corresponding Secretary. 

— 220 — 



STATE MONUMENT ASSOCIATION, 
SPEINGFIELD, MISSOURI. 

Springfield and vicinity were the battlegrounds from the 
beginning to the ending of the greatest fratricidal war history 
has ever recorded, and after the battles were over, and the tattered 
remnants of that brilliant, eager and hope-inspired army that 
went to war from the South in 1861, had returned to desolate 
homes, they not only must rebuild and begin a new struggle for 
existence, but must gather up and give hallowed burial to the 
exposed remains of comrades who had fallen on the battlefields, 
or died in hospitals. All about were the uncovered bones of 
our dead, mutely appealing for a sacred resting place. On the 
23rd day of November, 1866, in response to this silent but 
eloquent appeal, a few of us met in a private office in Spring- 
field, and the result of this little gathering was that the Con- 
federate Cemetery Association was formed. In 1869 a letter 
was written to Major T. W. Park, of Platte County, who was 
organizing a Confederate Eeunion Association, requesting him 
to interest the surviving soldiers in the neglected condition of 
the graves of their comrades at Springfield. The letter was 
published in many of the State papers, and from that, a call 
for a meeting was issued at Springfield. The response to that 
call was beyond the most hopeful expectations; ways were 
devised to raise means for re-interring the bodies and earnest 
work was begun to raise funds for this sacred purpose. About 
three thousand dollars was raised in a few months, and a 
contract let for the removal of bodies from Wilson's Creek, 
Hartville, and the graves about Springfield. South of Spring- 
field two and one-half miles, the government had located a 
cemeter}^, and the city of Springfield had located her cemetery 
close by. The Confederate Cemetery Association also decided 
to locate in that locality and bought three acres of ground close 
by the National Cemetery, the city o^ming a street between 
them. Five hundred and four bodies were re-interred in the 
Confederate Cemetery, a plain picket fence enclosed the grounds 
and cedar head-boards marked the graves. Very few bore the 
names of the silent sleepers beneath. Among the few identified 
were Colonel Benjamin Brown, Lieutenant-Colonel Weightman, 
Lieutenant Jolmson and Colonel Austin, all from the battle 
ground at Wilson's Creek. In 18.70 the ladies of St. Louis gave 

— 221 — 



an entertainment for the benefit of the Confederate Cemetery 
at Springfield, and sent \is the proceeds which amounted to- 
$500.00. This amount reached us in the shape of two hundred 
acres of wild land in Pulaski County which the Association held 
and paid taxes on until about ten years ago when it was sold 
for $200.00 which was used in the erection of a sexton's house 
at the cemetery. After all the bodies had been found and re- 
intorred, the Association, in 1872, changed its name to the 
Springfield Monument Association, liaving for its object the 
building of a monument to the memory of our dead, and the 
beautifying of the cemetery grounds. In 1872, we had under 
the auspices of the Monument Association the first decoration 
of graves. Colonel Kichard H. Musser, being the orator. After 
that the Association rested a while and for want of funds and 
some lack of interest the cemetery fell into dilapidation. Single 
handed and alone Springfield had done a great work and as 
time passed by, the responses to appeals for help met with slow 
and small returns. Feeling the need of a wider field than our 
own locality for assistance, our Association sometime in the 
early eighties deeded our cemetery to the "Confederate 
Veteians' Association of Missouri." In 1882 at Sedalia, Mis- 
souri, during a meeting of the above Association, attention was 
called to the needs of the cemetery, which resulted in the build- 
ing of a wall at a cost of nearly $G,000.00. The city of 
Springfield donated the street which separated us from the 
National Cemetery and the government gave us permission to 
join fences and save the expense of one-fourth the wall. 

Our Monument Association was appointed as Guardians and 
Custodians of the cemetery and we kept working along quietly 
hoping some day to be able to rear a shaft to the memory of our 
dead, and, when it seemed almost a hopeless task, several ladies 
of Springfield decided they would at least have headstones at 
the graves and with that object in view made a canvass of the 
towTi, which soon resulted in a neat marble headstone being 
placed at each grave. 

About this time it was thought best to build a soldiers' home 
in the State, and we were asked to give up for the present the 
hope of having a monument in our cemetery and divert every 
dollar to the building of the home. 

Through all the months and years of the struggle for the 
maintenance of the Home our Monument Association kept 

2''2 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

;Unveiled 1901. 

Springfield, Missouri. 



bravely on, giving most of its earnings — and they were scant 
at times — to the Home, biit always reserving enough to defray 
the expenses of Memorial Day and keeping the cemetery gi'onnds 
in order. 

After a time, some officers of the Home Association seemed to 
recognize the fact that faithful Springfield had silently and 
uncomplainingly done more than her share, and told onr 
Association that if we would send one hundred dollars more 
we would not be asked again. We gladly complied with those 
terms and could hardly wait to send our check. We were free 
once more to work for our monument. Many of us who had 
started out in the early dawn of hopeful youth had grown gray 
in the cause and were getting hopeless and very little interest 
was evinced from that time on until we went into the State 
Association of Daughters of the Confederacy, with headquarters 
at St. Louis, they pledging at least five thousand dollars and 
that our monument be the first to be completed. From that 
time on a new impetus was given to the monument and being 
brought in close touch with many prominent and enthusiastic 
ex-Confederates and others interested we soon grew to feel 
that we would have the Monument, and as our success increased 
our ideas expanded and we worked for a bronze figure, to cost 
twelve thousand dollars, and we got it. 

Of this amount we think the Springfield Association can 
justly claim to have raised about one-fifth. 

On August 10th, 1901, our monument was imveiled with 
appropriate ceremonies, the grounds of the cemetery having been 
put in good order, the wall pointed up, the cottage painted, and 
on summing up the amount our cemetery had cost, including 
the price of the monument, about twenty-five thousand dollars. 

The object for which we were organized being now attained 
we will continue to work to beautify our cemetery, and having 
in April, 1901, joined the Confederated Southern Memorial 
Association, will assist in all worthy objects brought to our 
notice. 

This year we will send one hundred dollars to the Jefferson 
Davis monument fund; twenty dollars to the Memorial Window 
in Old Blandford Church, Petersburg, Virginia; fifteen dollars 
to the Fort Smith, Arkansas, monument fund; and, although 
we hardly hope for the same enthusiasm and interest heretofore 
evinced when the object was so near our homes and our hearts, 

— 223 — 



we t\vl !«tV ill tv^ the 

sucvv^ v>i the ^r.. ..... . ;o Ovmi- 

fetieratevl S<^uthera Memorial Assv^viatkxii i$ onr^jaiiiswl. 

W . . ^tcvry of ^Youla^^$ m>rk 

" "^ ., . . — --. .. -X- ••v.v> itt re^\>^uititv>i\ of the 

?jti>tiUKV reiiderevl bv Mr?. \Y. J. lUwUni. the jmxjeut 

^xf the State Monuuiewt Asssooiiitiou. Mrs, \\\ J. 

^v' v^ picture apjx\*rs^ iu thi* hii^torw was K^rn in 

.. KettliKkv. Her parewts \\vr«> Jeremiali aiu\ 

Artkuutrta Fonl. She vras evUieate^l in Keutuekw evxm|\lerii\s: 

her txhuation in the Pretji»yterian OoUe^^ at HarrvxHnir^. 

Keutuckw She r>?n\ovevl with her jvireuts to Mij^niri in 18t>0. 

rvtiivUug in Shelbv Count\\ She was niarriev^ to the lUvn. W. 

J. Havdon. o' "^' ■>, Missouri, iu ISt^T. and in ISt^ thev 

r^niK^vovi to S , Miss^niri. where thev haw siiuv rx^ivUxi 

Mrf« Havden was one amoti^ the tirst to en^ra^" in this noWe 

work, and t'rv»m t* :o the pivttent writii\sr. she has never 

ct^isevL In everv . ,.- haviuvj for its v^bjtvt the raising of 

funds to ev>inplete the work she has Kvn among the first. 

In 1SS3 she called a meeting of the laditN? of S^^riuirfiehi. 

and org^iniztHl a monument assvviation, she Wing eUvteil 

r-o<:T.-.c and serving tive x-ears, A cut ^vf the monnment 

/i by the help of this AssvXMation adorns one of the pages 

s lx>ok. In li^O:? she was eUvtt\l rre^idout of the State 

Monument Association, which ol^ce she still holds: she went as 

i" " " ' Convention of the Oimfevleratk\l Southern 

\" vm at Oallas. Texas, Mrs. Havvlon is a wonuin 

oi large experience and extvutive ability, of a tine Christian 

character and a helper in all gvHxl works. 

KKnw UroNAi.i.. 



— :•< — 



CONFEDEEATE MEMORIAL SOCIETY OP MISSOURI. 
ST. LOUIS, MISSOURL 

The Confederate Memorial Society of Missouri was organized 
May 30, 1900. Many of its charter members were ladies who 
had partly engaged in memorial work since 1865. When the 
need of ministering to the wants and alleviating the sufferings 
of their soldiers ceased, they took up the holy duty of memorial 
work. This work has never languished through all these years, 
and when larger fields and greater scope for achievement was 
offered by the Confederated Southern Memorial Association 
they eagerly responded by forming a strictly Memorial Society 
and becoming a charter member of that body. This Society 
has taken the liveliest interest in organizing memorial societies 
throughout the State. Our President, Mrs. Leroy B. Valliant, 
effected the organization of the Jefferson City Society and was 
complimented by an honorary membership. The Blandford 
Society at Mexico also owes its being to her enthusiasm and 
zeal. Mrs. Celeste Pim, the enthusiastic Vice-President, is ever 
on the alert to assist in all memorial work. She is a native of 
St. Louis, Missouri, and a descendant of the earliest French 
settlers. During the war she gave all the aid and comfort in her 
power to the cause of the South. In 1865 she married Dr. Louis 
Tousard Pim. He was a native of West Chester, Chester 
County, Pennsylvania, but was identified with the South since 
childhood. He died in the City of St. Louis on the 24th of 
June, 1888. Mrs. Pim held the office of Treasurer for many 
years in the "Daughters of the Confederacy of Missouri." With 
untiring zeal she assisted in the movement to erect a Home for 
Confederate soldiers at Higginsville, Missouri, and she contri- 
buted largely to the first Confederate monument at Springfield, 
Missouri. Mrs. Pim has two daughters, Mrs. Celeste P. Rose 
and Mrs. A. Hayden Kay, of St. Louis, and three sons. Dr. 
Louis T. Pim, Jr., Robert and Howard Pim. We cannot refrain 
from mentioning the original Memorial Society at Springfield 
—organized in 1865, thus becoming the nucleus of memorial 
work in the State of Missouri. These dear women ministered 
to the wounded and dying at Wilson's Creek, and it must always 
be borne in mind that Missouri was bounded on three sides by 
the enemy. It is with regret that we have to acknowledge that, 
while our society has been enabled to raise large sums of money 



in St. Louis by amusing the people, we can not have any public 
celebration or speeches, in honor of our beloved President, 
Jefferson Davis, because the public is lacking in the necessary 
sentiment. Memorial work commends itself most persuasively 
to noble, generous spirits, especially memorials to those who 
gave their lives for the "Confederate Cause." Therefore, it is 
not surprising that when the Ladies' Memorial Association of 
Petersburg, Virginia, asked the assistance of every Camp and 
Association in re-habilitating "Old Blandford Church," our 
Society responded most lovingly. Five hundred dollars was 
pledged for a Missouri Memorial Window in that historic 
Church, and three hundred dollars for the Jefferson Davis 
monument. Our efforts to raise these sums have been crowned 
with great success, and the Society is rounding up its record 
year of organized existence with a large membership, fulfilled 
pledges, and the courage and ambition to press forward to yet 
greater achievements. 

"Porgetting the things which are behind and reaching forth 
unto these things which are before, we press toward the mark 
for the prize of our high calling." 

The State of Missouri sent $1,205.23 to the Confederate 
Bazaar in Richmond, Va., in April, 1903, for the joint benefit 
of the Confederate Museum and the Jefferson Davis Monument 
fund. A large proportion of this generous sum was contributed 
by the Confederate Memorial Society of St. Louis. 



NORTH CAROLINA 




LADIES' MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
EALEIGH, NOETH CAEOLINA. 

Very soon after the conchision of the war between the States, 
involving- as it did, ruin to our country and bitter disappoint- 
ment and humiliation to our people, the hearts and minds of 
the women of the South turned to the duty of caring for the 
bodies of our soldiers who lay on a hundred battle fields, or who 
Avere scattered in cemeteries rudely laid out near hospitals or 
the sites of former camps, in many cases exposed to desecration, 
or in danger of being confused with the Federal dead. The Avom- 
en of Ealeigh were no laggards in this sacred task, and at a meet- 
ing held in the Senate Chamber of the Capitol, May 23rd, 1866, 
a society Avas formed called the " Wohe County Ladies' Memorial 
Association, the object of the Association being to protect and 
care for the graves of our Confederate soldiers. The remains 
of most of them Avere buried in the vicinity of Ealeigh, chiefly 
on the grounds of the present Federal Cemetery Avhich was con- 
fiscated by the United States authorities Avhen in command at 
this point. This movement Avas led by such noble, tried and true 
spirits as ]\Irs. L. 0. B. Branch, Mrs. John Devereaux, Mrs. 
George W. ]\Iordecai, Mrs. H. W. Miller, Mrs. William E. Cox, 
Mrs. K. P. Battle, Mrs. E. Graham Hayand, Mrs. Annie Bushel, 
Mrs. Lucy Evans, Mrs. Drusy Lacey, Mrs. H. W. Husted, Mrs. 
John G. Williams, Mrs. Chas. E. Johnson, Mrs. W. G. Hill, Mrs. 
Ellen Mordecai, Mrs. Henry Mordecai, Mrs. T. H. Selby, Mrs. 
H. S. Smith, Miss Sophia Portridge, Mrs. May Speight, Miss 
Mildred Comesau, Miss Sallie Hayand and Miss Annie Law- 
rence. After prayer and an address by the late Eev. Dr. Lacey, 
the folloAving officers Avere chosen. Mrs. L. 0. B. Branch, Presi- 
dent; Mrs. Henry Miller, First Vice-President; Mrs. Lucy B. 
Evans, Second Vice-President; Mrs. Eobert Lines, Third Vice- 
President; Mrs. Mary Lacey, Fourth Vice-President; Miss So- 
phia Portridge, Secretary; Miss Minnie Mason, Treasurer; with 

— 227 — 



the following advisory Council. George W. Mordecai, P. F. 
Pescud, H. W. Husted, William Grines, B. C. Mouly, and Gen. 
W. E. Cox. 

It was in the mind of Miss Sophia Portridge, a lady distin- 
guished for her purity, refinement, and sympathetic nature, that 
the thought of organizing an association for the re-interment and 
future care of our dead Heroes first dawned, and it is to her 
influence and persistent exertions that the first Confederate 
Cemetery in the late Confederate States of which the writer has 
any knowledge was organized, and no mother ever nursed her first 
horn with the care she gave to keeping the Cemetery in good 
order, and to making the Memorial Association a success. She 
loved and sympathized with every plan intended to alleviate the 
sorrows and pains of the sick, soldiers during the war and when 
an improvised hospital was furnished near the old Fair Grounds, 
she was preeminent among the workers. Until the close of the 
war she was found in the hospitals, cheering and comforting the 
sick and the wounded, and when these died she saw that boards 
with their names were placed at the heads of their graves, and 
thus were the names of many preserved. 

How^ THE Lot was Secured. 

Having no lot and no money to buy one, voluntary contribu- 
tions were made by the ladies and jMrs. Henry Burgwyn and 
Messrs. George Mordecai, James B. Shepard, Francis Gilliam, 
Paul C. Comerin, P. F. Pescud, Father ]\Ic]Sramara and Gen. 
Thomas Clingman became life members by paying one hundred 
dollars each. Besides these, contributions w'cre made by our 
citizens generally, and many ladies became life members by pay- 
ing one dollar, through the efforts of a committee comprising 
some of the most charming maidens then known in this city. 
The late George W ilordecai, whom everybody loved and whose 
memory is and ever will be cherished by all who knew him, 
and Mr. P. F. Pescud, another patriotic and devoted citizen, were 
appointed to select and secure a suitable lot. After devoting an 
hour or two every day for some weeks to a survey of the suburbs, 
the premises now kno\vn as the "Ladies' Memorial Cemetery" was 
agreed upon. This land was owned by the late Henry ^lordecai, 
and this gentleman knew that Mr. Pescud, as a member of the 
City Council, had for years advocated the necessity of a larger 
and more suitable cemetery than the old one on Horgelt Street, 

— 228 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 
Unveiled 1895. 
Raleigh, North Carolina. 



and insisted that one should be sec-ured and beautified. 
When therefore, in compan}' with Mr. George Mordecai he asked 
Mr. Henry Mordecai to make a donation of as many acres as 
the ladies wanted, and as an inducement for such liberality 
agreed to raise a joint stock company to purchase his land ad- 
joining and to convert it into a cemetery and park, the gener- 
ous Mordecai replied: "Mr. Pescud, the Ladies' Memorial Asso- 
ciation is welcome to as many acres of my land as is needed for 
such a sacred purpose without any consideration, and not only 
this, but concerning the enterprise you refer to, and which has 
been so long on your heart, I will aid you to the extent of mv 
ability in the price of the land wanted for the purpose." With 
the assistance of Col. W. E. Anderson, then Cashier of the State 
National Bank, and who was for years the faithful Treasurer of 
the Association, the Oakwood Cemetery was soon organized. Hence 
tf: the Ladies' Memorial Association are our citizens indebted 
for that most beautiful park and cemetery, and to the lamented 
George W. Mordecai, whose abounding charity God only knows 
are they chiefly indebted for the adornments made therein. A 
pnrt of nearly every day until his last fatal illness he spent in 
superintending tlie improvements of the grounds. 

Conditions of the Gkounds When Donated. 

The land was covered with native oaks and pines and was full 
of gulches. On the west side was a deep ravine and the cost of 
removing superfluous trees by the roots, grading, terracing, 
opening the walks and graves more than absorbed all the money 
raised, and a further call for funds had to be made. This was 
liberally responded to. The work of preparing the grounds was 
done by Mr. John Walters under the direction of IMr. P. P. Pes- 
cud. 

DiS-INTERRING AND Ee-INTERRING THE BODIES OF OuR DeAD. 

The late Geo. W. Whiting* was chairman of the Committee to 
ascertain where our fallen heroes were buried and to have their 
remains dis-interred and removed to the Cemetery. He, assisted 
by Misses Blanche Brigg, Annie Lovejoy and Sue B. Pescud, re- 
marked in pencil all the head-boards at the graves they found and 
prepared a list of the names written thereon. Before the graves 
were opened Mr. P. F. Pescud, aided by the ladies, received and 
superintended the re-interment of the remains, which work occu- 

*The late George W. Whiting has 1011? since passed away ; he is at rest in the 
Confederate Cemetery, and a verse from one of his poems is engraved on the face of 
a Confederate Monument, which stands at the Northeast corner of the Cemetery. 

— 229 — 



pied several weeks. It is in this connection proper to mention that 
we were forced to re-inter the remains of our noble soldiers be- 
fore the Cemetery was in readiness, because of the heartlessness 
of the wretch sent by the authorities at Washington City to pre- 
pare a Cemetery for the Federal dead in which confiscated ground 
most of our dead were buried. This said Nero sent insulting 
messages to the Memorial Association insisting on the removal 
of the Confederate dead before the cemetery was in readiness for 
the graves to be opened and finally threatened that if our dead 
were not removed in twenty-four hours their remains would be 
thrown in the public road. 

It is needless to say this inhuman conduct and threat, com- 
ing from such a source, moved to activity every loyal citizen of 
the town and with commendable alacrity they responded to 
the call of the ladies and preparations were immediately begun 
for their removal to the Cemetery. This work was done almost 
entirely by the young men of the city who had fought side by 
side with their comrades. It was a " labor of love." They came 
with picks and wheel barrows determined never to cease until 
the last Southern soldier was removed to a place of safety. 
They were assisted in this work by our faithful women walking 
by tlfbir sides, cheering and encouraging them as they trudged 
the weary distance between the two cemeteries imder a scorching 
summer sun. One good woman, seeing them almost overcome 
by the task, begged a cask of beer and walking by their side gave 
it out as she saw they needed it. Just here a touching little in- 
cident. One of the coffins had been a little strained at its join- 
ings, by handling, allowing a long, half curled lock of fair hair 
to escape, which hung down as the coffin was lifted from the 
wagon. That the young men of this day may appreciate the 
value of the work done so cheerfully and yet with so much sad- 
ness of soul, we will state that when most of the coffins reached 
the cemetery they were sadly in need of repairs, others were 
half full of a most offensive fluid, as the coffins at the top leaked 
badly. In removing them from the wagons to the graves, the 
persons and clothing of those thus employed were thoroughly 
saturated, but such was the love of our noble boys for their late 
comrades in arms and so heartily did they sympathize with the 
ladies in their Avork, that none flinched or complained, though 
some were physically prostrated by excessive fatigue. The work 
of removing our dead from the s])ot where lliey were so obnox- 

— 230 — 




EX-PRESIDENTS OF MEMORIAL ASSOCIATIONS. 



I. Mrs. Philip Williams. 

Winciicster, Virginia. 
3. Mrs. Bettie Walters Flinn, 

Danville, Virginia. 
5. Mrs. Thomas J. Hamilton, 

Thomson, Georgia. 



2. Mrs. E. D. Wright, 

Vicksburg, Mississippi. 

4- Mrs. Joseph B. Batchelor, 
Raleigh, North Carolina. 

6. Mrs. M. R. Barbour, 
Manassas, Virginia. 



ious being accomplished, attention was now turned to gathering 
them from far off battlefields. The thirsty soil of Gettysburg 
drank in some of the best ])lood of jSTorth Carolina and from 
this place one hundred and thirty-seven bodies were brought 
home at one time^ one hundred and thirty-seven graves, with 
open, hungry mouths, to receive a like number of bodies, was 
a scene rarely witnessed by human eyes. At this time the La- 
dies' Memorial Association was formally organized and work 
was begun putting tlie Cemetery in order. The walks were laid 
off, grass seed sown, flowers and shrubs planted, a handsome 
Confederate Monument was erected and a beautiful iron pavil- 
lion was placed in the center of the grounds, wooden headstones 
were exchanged for granite ones and the present system of 
marking them by numbers and recording both name and num- 
ber in a register was adopted. 

We have in our Cemetery handsome and imposing monu- 
ments to the following brave and distinguished men: Gen. 
George B. Anderson, Col. Harry Burgwyn, Col. Turner Mc- 
Loud, Col. Eandolph A. Shotnell and Capt. W. C. Stronch. In 
1883 one hundred and seven Confederate dead were removed 
from the National Cemetery at Arlington and with all the sol- 
emnity befitting the occasion were laid to rest in their own na- 
tive soil. At the rate of one per month the Veterans from our 
Soldiers' Home near the city are transferred to our " City of the 
Dead/' which keep the number ever increasing. We now num- 
ber about one thousand graves of as brave men as ever drew 
sword for their country. Lying side by side with our IsTorth 
Carolina dead are forty-six South Carolinians, forty-four Geor- 
gians, eight Alabamians, eight Mississippians, four Virginians, 
two Floridians, two Tennesseeans, one Texan, hung by order of 
Kilpatrick for firing on the streets of Ealeigh as his command 
approached the Capitol on the morning of the surrender), one 
Louisianan, one from Arkansas, three Confederate States Ma- 
rines and one hundred and six unknown dead. The cemetery is 
divided into sections, and each State has allotted to it a certain 
portion. Granite head stones have been placed at the head of 
each grave on which are inscribed the name of the soldier, the 
State from which he came, and each for future reference has 
been renumbered. At a meeting of the Association held May 
3d, 1867, it was decided that the 10th of May, being the anni- 
versary of the death of the immortal Stonewall Jackson, should 



231 — 



be observed as "Memorial Day"' and that the exercises should 
be public so far as to meet in the Capitol square and to proceed 
from tlionce to the Cemetery. The older members of the Asso- 
ciation well remember the meeting in the room at the Capitol 
square of a number of faithful men and women who walked to 
the cemetery carrying their garlands and crosses of flowers, and 
closely followed and watched by several Federal otBcers detailed 
by the military authorities who then governed the State, to see 
that no procession was formed. " Indeed the threat was made 
that if the Ladies' Memorial Association, chiefly women and 
children did form a procession, if would be fired on without fur- 
ther warning.'' On this day there were no exercises of any kind, 
not even a prayer, and it demanded some courage and indepen- 
dence from those who walked imder the dripping skies, through 
the ankle deep mud of the country road which is now "Oakwood 
Avenue" to fulfill this poor duty to the dead. Beautiful Oak- 
wood did not then exist. The Confederate Cemetery was a 
solitary enclosure in the woods full of newly made graves^ 
scarcely giving promise of the neatness and order which now 
marks the sacred spot. 

October 4th, 18G9, Mrs. L. 0. B. Branch resigned the office of 
President, which she had exercised with great ability, contribut- 
ing greatly to the success of the Association, and Mrs. T. H. Sel- 
by was elected in her place. Mrs. Selby died in 1870 and Mrs. 
H. T. Smith was elected. At her death Mrs. Robert Lewis be- 
came President. Since that time the Presidents have been Mrs. 
Robert H. Jones, Mrs. Leo D. Heorlt, Mrs. Joseph B. Batchelor 
and Mrs. Garland Jones, who now fills the office. At the annual 
meeting June 27th, 1883, it was moved by Mrs. W. S. Prim- 
rose and adopted by the Ladies' Memorial Association, that in 
the future, the subject of the oration on Memorial Day, be the 
war services of one of the generals or of some distinguished offi- 
cer of North Carolina, or some notable event connected with 
the State's history, that the orator be chosen by the family of 
the officer, who should be selected as the subject, and that the 
orations be placed among the archives of the State as material 
for history. For seventeen years this rule has l)een observed 
and we now have a collection of most valuable orations delivered 
by some of the States' most gifted orators. In this length 
of time the lives of Generals Branch, Pender, Ramseur, Grimes, 
Pettigrew, Tlill, Wliiting, Daniels, Ransom, Anderson, Cling- 

— 232 — 



ham, Laerenthorpe, McRae and Gordon have been subjects. Also 
addresses on the " Junior Eeserves " and " Private Soldiers " of 
North Carolina, the "Immortal 26th Regiment" and "The events 
that led np to the war and the first year of the war." 

At the first annual meeting of the xissociation held in the 
Commons Hall in the Spring of 1867, a large assemblage of our 
citizens were addressed by that gallant gentleman and unusually 
gifted orator, the late Major Seaton Gates. Since then the 
following orators have had the honor to address the Association : 
Capt. J. J. Davis, Maj. W. M. Bobbins, Gen. M. W. Eansom, 
Col. Eobt. H. Cowon, Gen. Wade Hampton, Col. W. F. Green, 
Gen. W. R. Cox, Capt. Samuel A. Ashe, Capt. Samuel T. Wil- 
ling, Capt. E. R. Stamps, Col. Thomas C. Fuller, Col. Ed. Gra- 
ham Hayand, Col. Wharton J. Green, Maj. John W. Moore, Col. 
L. L. Polk, Col. W. H. H. Cowles, Col. H. A. London, Governor 
A. M. Scoles, Judge W. R. Bennett, Honorable B. H. Bunn, 
Judge A. C. Avery, Judge W. A. Montgomery, Hon. Febius 
H. Busbee, Capt. C. B. Denson, Col. Edmond Jones, Col. A. 
M. Woddell, Maj. Graham Daves, and Judge Duncan McRae. 
The pastors of the several churches of the city have alternately 
acted as Chaplains and some of the most distinguished gentle- 
men of the city have gallanty acted as Chief Marshal. 

On May 7th, 1893, at the annual meeting of the Association 
an auxiliary was formed comprising the young ladies of the 
city with the following officers and members: Miss Margie 
Busbee (now Mrs. William Shipp), President; Miss Mabel Hale, 
Vice-President; Miss Allie Gates, Secretary; Miss Helen Mc- 
Rae, Treasurer. Members : Misses Mary and Elizabeth Daniels 
Annie Busbee, Lizzie Jackson, Nannie Jones, Florence Jones,^ 
Lorie Parks, Nannie Craig, Ethel Bogley, Blanche Blake, Kate 
Stronck, Mary Shipp, Mamie Cowper, Maggie Cowper, Louise 
Busbee, Sophie Busbee, Nellie Heart, Mildred Badger, Lula 
Ellington, Lizzie Ellington, Elizabeth Hinsdale, and Mar- 
garet Hinsdale. The Association feels quite satisfied to leave 
its work in the hands of these worthy young women feeling 
sure the trust will be sacredly guarded. Mrs. Joseph B. Batche- 
lor was elected President of the Ladies' Memorial Association. 
During her term of office, which lasted eight years, little work 
of importance was undertaken, the formative period of the As- 
sociation having passed. But interest in the work was kept 
alive and has increased and much was done at the cemetery in 

— 233 — 



the way of beaiitiiying the grounds and pknting trees and flow- 
ers. Mrs. Batchelor resigned her office, .April 17th, 1893, and 
Mrs. Garland Jones was elected to fill her place, and Mrs. F. A. 
Olds as Secretary. On April 8, 1897, Mrs. Olds resigned and 
Miss Annie S. Devereaux was elected to fill her place, which 
position she still holds and serves with fidelity and love. Since 
Mrs. Jones assumed the duties of President, the work of the 
Association has been continued. All the records of the Associa- 
tion, including a list of the names of all the dead in the ceme- 
tery', liave been carefully copied and deposited in the citizens' 
book in the vault. The graves of the dead brought here from 
Arlington have been marked by suitable stones and the nucleus 
of an endowment has been placed at interest. Some slight 
changes have been made in the details of Memorial Day exercis- 
es which it is hoped will make these services more solemn and 
dignified and more truly in harmony with the feelings of those 
most vitally interested. It is the hope and the prayer of the 
older members of the Ladies' Memorial Association that this 
work be not allowed to die with the passing away of its founders 
of that generation, which knew the birth of the "storm beaten 
nation," and which mourns its fall, and whose hearts cherish the 
fadeless glories of the Confederate flag; but that the younger 
women to whom these glories are only a tradition will keep alive 
the memory of tlie men who died for the "Southern Cause/' but 
who died not in vain, for they died for a great principle and 
their blood sends a message down through all time. "The re- 
ward is in heaven — and their works do follow them." Our Con- 
federate Cemetery is the exclusive property of the Ladies' Mem- 
orial Association and within the enclosure the Presixlent of the 
Ladies' Memorial Association has absolute authority in all mat- 
ters. We have no appropriation and never appeal to the pub- 
lic for aid, but depend entirely on the annual dues of the few 
faithful and devoted members for support. Death has sadly 
thinned our ranks, until now only about seventy-five of the 
noble band of women who organized this association remain 
and from this number about sixty-three dollars are annually col- 
lected. Out of this amount the Cemetery is kept in order and 
the necessary expenses of Memorial Day are borne. 

To keep in good condition a lot of two and one-half acres 
containing about one thousand graves necessarily requires some 
expenditure of money. The hedges and shrubbery are to be 

— 234 — 



kept trimmed and in order, underbrush cleared away, young trees 
to supply the fast decaying forest, are every year set out, and 
such flowers as are suitable for the place are kept growing. 
From May until October the grass is cut once a month. A 
mound of beautiful growing flowers has been made of a once 
unsightly spot. The walks that had been badly mashed have 
been graded, crushed gravel having been used for the purpose 
and about eight thousand bricks used in draining them. The 
pavillion has been repaired and repainted. In fact a great deal 
of much needed work is done every year at the cemetery, and 
much remains to be done before we can make the last resting 
place of our fallen heroes the beautiful spot we would have it. 

The liistory of the " Wohe County Memorial Association " is 
perhaps one of the most interesting in Xortli Carolina as under 
its auspices much outside work has been accomplished. It was 
through its efforts the Soldiers' Home was built and through 
its efforts the magnificent monument that stands at the Western 
gate of the Capitol was erected, the Monument Association, 
having been formed of members of the Memorial Association. 
When the remains of our beloved President Davis were carried 
through the State for re-interment in Eichmond, the Memorial 
Association, acting with a Committee of Confederate Veterans, 
had the honor of receiving and caring for them as they lay in 
State in the rotunda of the Capitol, at which time, leaving 
at a late hour, the Governor of the State, was not authorized 
to invite State troops to be present. The President of the Asso- 
ciation sent out invitations to each military organization to at- 
tend. Several companies accepted the invitation and were hand- 
somely entertained at the Yorbrough House by the Association. 

Since the organization of the "Daughters of the Confederacy" 
in this city, the Memorial Association has always united with 
the Daughters in all patriotic work and imder their united 
effort a great deal has been accomplished, both for the Soldiers' 
Home and the Confederate Yeterans. The very successful Baz- 
aar held in our city a few years ago for the Yeterans was under 
the auspices of the Ladies' Memorial Asociation and the Daugh- 
ters of the Confederacy. The President endeavors conscien- 
tiously to keep up the good work commenced by her predecessors 
and for this purpose, with the exception of the necessary expense 
of Memorial Day, all of the annual dues of the patriotic, faith- 
ful members of the Association are expended. Yery few of the 



charter meml)ers of this Association are left, most of them have 
crossed over the river to their reward and after a few more part- 
ings, and after a few more tears, those who survive will likewise 
pass over to meet them and other loved ones who are waiting and 
watching at the " beautiful gate." The present officers of the 
Ladies' Memorial Association are: Mrs. Garland Jones, Presi- 
dent ; Miss Annie L. Devereaux, Secretary ; Mrs John S. PuUen, 
Treasurer. Vice-Presidents: Mrs. A. M. McPheeters, Mrs. 
Armistead Jones, Mrs. Walter Clarke, Mrs. C. B. Denson, Mrs. 
^\^ II. Hughes, Mrs. John Hinsdale, Mrs. Charles Root, Mrs. 
E. E. Moffit, Mrs. Margaret Shipp, Mrs. Walter ]\Iontgomery, 
Miss Kate McEemmon. 

Advisory Board : Dr. P. E. Hines, Col. Thos. S. Kenon, Mr. 
W. S. Primrose, Hon. Richard H. Battle, Capt. Saml. A. Ashe, 
Mr. W. H. Hughes, Mr. R. S. Gray, Mr. A. B. Stronch, Mr. 
Marshall De Lacy Hayand. With the co-operation of the 
patriotic citizens of this city the ladies of the Memorial 
Association will continue as they have done to discharge their 
duties with the fidelity that has ever characterized their man- 
agement. 

la this volume will be found the picture of Mrs. Josepli B. 
Batchelor, a woman deserving of special mention for her fine 
qualities of head and heart. !Mrs. Batchelor died in 1900, she 
was greatly beloved, her friends were numerous in all sections 
of the country. 

j\Iiss Sophia Partridge, the foimder of the Ladies' ^lemorial 
Association, passed away about twenty-five years ago, but her 
spirit is still with us, and the beautiful work inaugurated by 
her is still carried on with loving care. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
WASHINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 

When the dark clouds of war spread over this beautiful 
Southland of ours in 1861, the women of the South enlisted in 
a cause from which there is no discharge. Yoimg and old, gray 
haired matron, as well as blushing womanhood, were enrollec 
in a cause that is ^\Titten upon the heart of every truly loyal 
Southern woman. 'Tis true we marched not forth in martial 
line, but we taught to the world the beautiful lesson of patient 

— 238 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1888. 

Washington, North Carolina. 



endurance and unyielding faith, and by our hope and sympathy 
inspired a great principle within the bosom of every Confeder- 
ate Soldier, which can never die. 

'Tis said that Stephen D. Lee was asked after his surrender 
at Vicksburg, why did not the Southern people give up, he re- 
plied, "The women of the South would never agree to it." Gen. 
Lee said, " If it had not been for the devotion of the Southern 
women the war would not have lasted over two years." 

" The brightest star upon our shield, 
Undimmed without a stain. 
Is that, we refused to yield — 
Refused alas — in vain." 

Ours was a fight of watching, cheering, weeping and pray- 
ing, and when all was lost, we sat alone in our defeat and with 
•" a sorrow which never flitting " still is written on the tablets of 
the heart. Our greatest victory began at Appomattox a "scene 
upon which no Confederate Soldier ever enters without uncov- 
ered head and no truly Southern woman except on bended 
knee." When husband and father lay down shield and buckler 
near the apple tree and with parole placed next to the heart, un- 
der the threadbare and faded old gray jacket, as they returned 
to our desolate home, then and there we gained our greatest vic- 
tory—that of heroic patience. We sing no loud oratorios of vic- 
tory, we celebrate no national jubilees, we sing of our great 
suffering in a low minor strain. We wreathe no graves with 
victor's laurels, but mournfully mingle the laurels with cypress 
and deck their last resting place. When the end came, did we 
sit with folded hands ? Nay, with uncomplaining fortitude, we 
"accepted the situation" and though our once beautiful town 
that had nestled so peacefully upon the historic banks of the 
Pamlico, lay now a blackened ruin, the tall chimneys like lone 
sentinels stood guard over once happy homes. We cheerfully 
went, some of us, from cushioned parlors to hard washboards; 
from pleasant homes to distant cities, to live among strangers, 
thereby supporting aged mothers and sometimes, crippled fath- 
ers. The silken gown was exchanged for the homespun dress, 
and fair hands became the bent and wrinkled hands of toil. So we 
then began our struggles and have thus fought a valiant bat- 
tle, until within almost every Southern home dwells a heroine. 
While thus engaged had we forgotten our dead? Oh, no, with 
the cry of need daily in our ears, many without homes, no 

— 237 — 



churches in which to worship onr God, we could not reach be- 
yond ; but were utterly powerless financially. 

The women of Beaufort County, North Carolina, are multi- 
millionaires in self-sacrifice and devotion to that which they 
conceive to be right. True to their nature, they cling to their 
loved and lost, with a devotion that is undying ; out of such love 
sprang the Memorial Association of Beaufort County, which 
was organized at Washington, N. C, in September, 1893, with 
the following officers: Mrs. Bryan Grimes, President; Mrs. 
J. G. Bragaw, Vice-President; Miss Maggie Sparrow, Secretary; 
and Miss E. M. B. Hoyt, Treasurer. Since the President was 
a non-resident of the town, the arduous work of the Association 
fell upon the A^ice-President and most faithfully did she per- 
form lier duty. To her untiring zeal is due much of the success. 
She continued in office until God's finger touched her and she 
slept. Our dead were in every cemetery of the town, so on 
every Memorial Day, a march was made to every grave ; and right 
here I must call a few names of that faithful company: 'Mrs. 
J. G. Bragaw, Mrs. Frank Havens, Mrs. Sarah Podding, Mrs. 
Xat. Harding, Mrs. Charles Gallagher, Mrs. Eichard Lewis, 
Mrs. C. M. Payne, Mrs. Sallie Gallagher, Mrs. Charles Thomas, 
Mrs. Oliver Jarvis, Mrs. Christine Jarvis, Mrs. Mury MacDon- 
ald, Misses Sallie Midgett, Sallie Cowell, Mattie Fowle, Bettie 
Ho^i;, Eleanor and ^Tary ^loules, Mrs. Waldron, Mrs. Joseph 
Saunders, Mrs. T. J. Harding, Mrs. W. B. Morton, Mrs. Mar- 
garet Arthur Call, and others. Through rain and heat, many 
old and feeble, they marched just in the roar of the military; 
they never faltered and no grave was neglected. Some years 
ago, as we passed down the street in one of the marches, on 
Memorial Day an ex-Confederate remarked to another, " I saw 
endurance and fortitude during the war but that is al)out as 
good marching as I have ever seen." As prosperity began to 
smile upon us we desired something more lasting than floAvers. 
"We wanted to erect a monument to those who live in fame, but 
not in life. We began to solicit contributions and many of the 
merchants and citizens responded liberally. Wo gave dinners 
and otlier entertainments ; with the aid of the young ladies and 
gentlemen wo held a concert and realized over two hundred dol- 
lars, tbe largest amount raised at one time hero since tlio war, 
up to tliat time, thus showing tliat if you want to touch tlio 
hearti of Beaufort County, speak of hor heroes. The ]\remorial 

— 238 — 



Associations throughout the whole South have done a noble and 
grand work. 

We love the old South, we love her for the victories she has 
won and the history she has made, which is not only the admira- 
tion of her own country, but also beyond the seas. We stood by 
her in her suffering, and with her have worked up from defeat 
to prosperity. Dixie land now blossoms like a rose, she has 
trampled disaster under her feet. The busy hum of the Confeder- 
ate Soldier's hammer has made music as she rose from her ashes. 
Our more fortunate brothers have erected costly monuments of 
stone and enduring brass to immortalize the ashes of their dead, 
while we, in most cases, have only been able to erect ours in 
tender hearts and sacred memory. A granite shaft surmounted 
by the statue of a private soldier stands upon a beautiful plat 
in the center of Oakdale Cemetery. In this plat we inter the 
sacred dust of Veterans, if so requested. The monument cost 
$3,250.00. When the corner stone was laid. May 10, 1888, Gov- 
ernor Daniel Fowle, a native of our city, was the orator ; Gen- 
eral Lewis was the Chief Marshal; P. H. Busbee, Grandmaster 
of Masons, officiated. Here the dogwood pitches her white tent 
in the Springtime and daises whiten hill and dale with fragrant 
snow. Blue birds and robins trill their love songs in woodland 
bower. Gentle winds from Pamlico's gentle bosom sing soft re- 
quiem. 

White-winged angels sing a lullaby 

O'er the sacred dust where heroes lie. 
With folded wings and bending low 
They sweetly sing where flowers grow 
Above our sleeping dead. 

After the completion of the monument, the Confederate dead 
in surrounding cemeteries were interred at the monument. The 
remains of seventeen of Georgia's soldiers, who were killed in de- 
fence of the city, September 1863, were tenderly placed under 
its welcome shadowy through the tender ministrations of Mrs. 
W. H. Call. 

Charter Members: Mrs. J. G. Bragaw, Mrs. M. E. Brady, 
Mrs. H. 0. Handy, Mrs. A. B. Foreman, Mrs. J. B. Hoyt, Mrs. 
Charles Gallagher, Misses Annie Gallaglier, E. M. B. Hoyt, 
Sallie Midgett, Annie Demille, E. S. Sparrow, Caddie Sparrow, 
MamiQ Cowell, M. J. Sparrow, Sallie Cowell. 

Ere I close, let me lay a spray of Mignonette for love's sake, 
upon the grave of one who may truthfully be called the father 

— 239 — 



of the Memorial Association in our city, the late Maj. Thos. J. 
Sparrow. Like the fragrance of the Mignonette his devotion 
to this sacred cause still lingers with us. His tender loving 
heart always beat responsively to the call of the care-worn and 
needy, as he looked into the seamed and wrinkled faces of his 
old comrades ; he wanted to help them, and to the women of our 
patriotic old city he came with his burden. Love took it gladly, 
he knew where to go and to whom to come. To his memory and 
the company he commanded we have named our Chapter of the 
Children of the Confederacy, The Washington Gray Chapter — 
the first chapter organized in the State of North Carolina and 
the third in the South. 

The dear old flag is furled, 
The eleven stars are shining still, 
Upon the field of azure blue. 
The crimson bars we loved so well, 
The rainbow claims their scarlet hue ; 
The dove of peace has perched once more 
Upon our shields, and days of yore 
Live over in our hearts again. 

Margaret Arthur Call, 
Secretary. 



— 240 




MRS. AMARINTHA SNOWDEN, 
Charleston, South Carolina. 




SOUTH CAROLINA 




LADIES' MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA. 

On May 14th, 1866, a meeting of the Ladies of Charleston 
was held in the parlor of the Mills House, for the purpose of 
organizing an Association to perpetuate the martyrdom of the 
Confederate dead. The Rev. Dr. Backman was requested to act 
as Chairman of the meeting and commenced the ceremonies 
with an earnest prayer and the reading of the 31st Psalm, fol- 
lowed by a very chaste and appropriate address, reviewing the 
object for which the Association was about to be organized. Af- 
ter organization, officers were elected. President, Vice-President, 
Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, Treasurer, and a Board 
of Directresses. Mrs. Mary Amarintha Snowden, who had been 
at the head of the Soldiers' Relief Association of Charleston 
during the war, was chosen as President, which position she 
held until her death in February, 1898. It was resolved, "That 
the Ladies of this Association visit the graves of the Confed- 
erate dead on the 16th of June, the anniversary of the Battle of 
Secessionville on James Island, near Charleston." At the second 
meeting it was resolved, "That the Ladies' Memorial Associa- 
tion of Charleston, inspired by a sacred love for their honored 
dead, most respectfully invite the ladies of every town and vil- 
lage throughout the State to unite with them on the 16th of 
June in assembling at the graves of Confederate dead, wherever 
one should sleep, from the mountains to the seaboard, for the 
purpose of strewing with garlands, accompanied with suitable 
exercises, the cherished resting places of the brave and noble 
martyrs of the State. Every paper in the State was requested 
to publish the above resolutions, and to call special attention to 
them. The day was generally observed throughout the State. 
Business was suspended in the city and several thousands of 
the citizens attended the ceremonies at Magnolia Cemetery. 

— 241 — 



After an oration, and during the singing of an ode composed for 
the occassion, the gi-aves were solemnly decorated. In 1867 it 
was impossible to follow the program of the previous year, it be- 
ing inadvisable in the position of our public affairs ; it was there- 
fore resolved, "Tluit all addresses, odes, and so forth be omitted, 
the graves of our noble dead to be quietly and unobtrusively 
decorated, so as to prevent all excuse for interference or collision 
with what would prove annoying," 

June being so late in the season it was determined to change 
the day for ^Memorial services to the 10th of May, the anniver- 
sary of the death of "Stonewall Jackson." The Board of Trustees 
of Magnolia Cemetery had given, during the war, a plat of 
ground where soldiers who were killed or had died in or near 
Charleston were interred. It was the desire of our Association 
to place a suitable monument in the center of this holy spot. 
In 1869 designs were called for and the corner stone of the 
moniiment was laid on "Memorial Day," in 1870. The Legisla- 
ture of South Carolina came liberally to the aid of the Associa- 
tion and gave $1000.00 — and a large quantity of granite and 
marble, left from the building of the State House in Columbia. 
By the time the Association M^as ready to receive it the govern- 
ment of the State had passed into the hands of those who had 
no sympathy with the objects of the Association. To overcome 
this obstacle required tlie unwearied perseverance of the Presi- 
dent of this Association, and she finally extorted from Governor 
Scott an order for the delivery of a part of the material wliich 
the Legislature had granted. It is from the material thus ob- 
tained that more than 800 headstones and the granite base 
which forms the pedestal of that inonument which now stands 
in the center of the Soldier's Plat have been erected. The Con- 
federate Dead who fell at Gettysburg early attracted the atten- 
tion of this Association. Those who fell and who lay in the 
battlefields of Virginia and Maryland we felt reposed among 
friends and sympathizers, but it was not so with those Avho fell 
in Pennsylvania. There the graves were regarded as those of 
rebels and traitors, and it was earnestly desired to bring home 
the soldiers of South Carolina who lay on the field of Gettys- 
burg, Here was a new case calling for the active energy of the 
President. She visited Gettysburg, where she found a gentleman, 
Mr. Weaver, who had looked with a friendly e)'e upon the 
Southern soldiers and who had taken such note? that the graves 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1882, 

Charleston, South Carolina. 



fteld of b»ttle and the owners of the ground refused to give up 
tte bodies un ess they were paid for. The perseverence of the 
President and .t should be added, of the farmer's wife, finally 
obtained his consent to their removal. A large numb;r we I 
lying m a field since set apart as a Union Cemetery, and it was 
necessary to obtain permission for their removal Thi wa 
obtained after some delay. Before the work of disinte men 
could be effected Mr. Weaver died, but his son. Dr. E B WeZ 
superintended the removal and interment of more than eighty 
Sou h Carolinians. The remains arrived in Charleston, and on 
the 10th of May, 1871, were buried in Magnolia Cemetery 
Headstones were also placed over the remains of thirty Con- 

Ashley River. The monument, the corner stone of which had 
been laid ,n 1870, was not ready for unveiling until the Fall of 
1882, when It was unveiled with suitable ceremonies. This 
association paid $1,000 to the Trustees of Magnolia Cemetery 
hey agreeing to secure in perpetuity the proper care and attenl 

caHs for '°r- T ^™™'- " ''"^ '''""J'^ '^^P^d'^d to all 

Ca ol nl 1" ""/■f"'^ °' """""""'^ *" '"^ '^-^ <" South 
Carolina and assisted m reseuing from oblivion the neglected 

sons island. A contribution was sent in 1893 to the Jefferson 
H^L^rvTr^lt"' ""' - " '"^ ^'»'— ^^-~ 

generally, but for some years they have been made at the 
Confederate Home, by the young ladies of the Confederate Home 

ot the United Daughters of the Confederacy." Evergreens 
and moss are furnished free by friends, and wagons I" 
for conveyance of wreaths and crosses to the cemetery. No fees 
are collected, but bo.xes are held at the gate of the Cemetery b^ 
two maimed veterans, for contributions. The VeteransaLd 
.n a body escorted by most of the volunteer military companTes 
of the City, the Cadets of the South Carolina Military InsZt^ 

Alter the delivery of a prayer, the reading of an ode, an oration 

and the firing of a salute, just before fhe setting of the sun' 

m a spot overlooking the waters which were neve^ parted by" 



— 243 — 



hostile keel so long as an artillery-man remained with his port 
fire behind the gims which guarded them ; and in sight of Fort 
Suinter, the once battered and ragged fortress, which, though 
often assaulted was never carried by storm/' the graves are 
decorated to tlie strains of martial music. The solemn and 
beautiful exercises being ended, the large concourse departs, 
leaving the honored dead crowned with the tokens of an undying 
remembrance. Our Association consists now of the officers and 
directresses, many of whom we can not expect to have with us 
very much longer, but as our ranks are thinned we bring in some 
" daughter or grandaughter," thereby hoping to preserve our 
identity as an Association, and to keep up the honored custom 
and sacred duty of repairing once a year to lay garlands on the 
graves of the martyrs of the Southern Cause. 

Alice A. Gaillard Palmer, 

President. 



LADIES' COXFEDEEATE MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
FORT MILL, SOUTH CAROLINA. 

While heaven and earth were yet the requiem ringing, and 
wires throughout the world flashing the mournful message: — 
"The great executive of the Southern Confederacy has been 
released from martyrdom and his broken spirit, now healed in 
glory, basks in the Eternal rest of God," citizens assembled to 
revere and honor his great memory, the Veterans forming an 
Association in his name — likewise, at the same time, a few 
patriotic, sympathetic women banded together to aid, with heart 
and hand, in all the interests and endeavors of the "Jefferson 
Davis Memorial Association." It was the impulse of the hour, 
not one realizing it was a thread on history's page she was weav- 
ing. Our first records were lost, imfortunately. In two years our 
membership increased to thirty-two; resolutions were adopted 
and a new basis of government formed. An Executive Com- 
mittee of five were added to the controlling board. Our by-laws 
constitute the usual formula. In 1001 we were incorporated in 
the Confederated Soutliern ^lemorial Association. 

Miss Nan Thornwell, Miss Bessie White and ]\[rs. W. A. 
Watson have each served as Secretary and Treasurer. There lias 
been but one President, and she has gently and efficiently guided 
this band of earnost women. Long may she fill the chair she so 

— 244 — 




I. Confederate Monument. 2. Woman's Monument. 

CAPTAIN SAMUEL E. WHITE. 

3. Slave Monument. 4. Catawba Indian Monument. 

Fort Mi;i, South Carolina. 



gTacefully and lovingly occupies. By death and removals our 
list is shortened and to-day our roll numbers but twenty-five. 
The governing board is composed as follows : Mrs. J. B. Mack, 
President; Mrs. S. E. White, first Vice-President; Mrs. J. M. 
Spratt, second Vice-President; Mrs. E. F. Grier, third Vice- 
President; Mrs. J. W. Ardery, fourth Vice-President; Mrs. L. 
P. Fulp, Secretary and Treasurer. 

While in 1897 quite a large chapter of the United Daughters 
of the Confederacy was formed here, to the Ladies' Memorial 
Association belongs the sacred privilege of leading the multitude 
in the annual Memorial Day services in honor of our heroic 
dead, the host who in valor sleep, whose wondrous deeds we keep 
as trophies of a stirring past in the shrine of our hearts held fast. 
To the day when all shall be crowned, a victor of true renown, 
for each "a crown shall wear because of the cross they bear." 

In 1890 the first monument to the soldiers of 61-65 was 
erected in Confederate Park by the Jefferson Davis Memorial 
Association. Five years later, through the veneration and love 
of our esteemed townsman and comrade, Capt. Samuel E. 
White, a monument to the women of the Confederacy, stood side 
by side with the soldiers' shaft, on whose tablet many local 
names of "heroines in the strife" are written in gilt engraving 
for all time, that while the Confederacy was young in years, no 
age shall dim the memory of our holy love. Col. Jno. P. Thomas, 
of Columbia. South Carolina, was the orator of the occasion. A 
copy of the united thanks of our Association was read, calling 
forth modest depreciation of his worth from the magnanimous 
donor. It is added to the fame of Capt. Samuel E White as a 
builder, that he is the first to crystallize into enduring marble, 
the Southerners' debt of gratitude to those faithful slaves who, 
in keeping the trust lain upon them to guard the homes, the 
property and honor of their masters who were serving the South 
on the field — will ever deserve forbearance from the people of 
the South. At the unveiling of this monument to the Faithful 
Slaves, Mr. Polk Miller of Richmond, Va., made a unique and 
inspiring address in eulogy of the slaves. 

Our Park, which has been thus dedicated, has passed into 
memorial ground of an honored antiquity, for in 1900 Capt. 
Saml. E Wliite and Mr. Jno. M. Spratt erected a fourth monu- 
ment, dedicated to the "Catawba Indians," which is a handsome 
and fitting testimonial to their friendly relations with the white 
race, many of whom served as "high privates" in the Confederate 



— 245 — 



ranks. Capt. Saml. E. White deserves to appear in this history 
in recognition of his heautiful tribute, to the ''Women of the 
Confederacy," for his testimonial to the Faithful Slaves and his 
devotion to Southern memories. It is to be regretted that a 
description of these unique monuments does not accompany the 
sketch. 

In April, 1903, the Ladies' Memorial Association was called 
on to mourn the death of their first Vice-President, Mrs. Saml. 
E. White. Her death was sudden, and expressions of sympathy 
were forwarded to her bereaved husband and family by old and 
young, rich and poor, who thus paid tribute to the loveliness of 
her character, the gentleness of her disposition and purity of her 
life. The ladies of the Memorial Association of Eort IMill, in 
paying tribute to her memory, say: "She was our first Vice- 
President and the most ardent and influential member of the 
Association. Her wise counsel, prudent forethought and prompt 
liberality made her our moving spirit and popular leader. Sad 
indeed are our hearts, when we feel that no more will we have 
her dear presence with us and no more hear her sweet words of 
wise, loving counsel. By inlieritance her veins were filled with 
patriotic blood, and so she ably seconded her husband's efforts 
in erecting the monuments to the Soldiers, the Women, the 
Faithful Slaves and the Catawba Indians that adorn Confed- 
erate Park, and very much of the beauty and grace of the 
marlile, as well as of the eloquent and thrilling inscriptions, are 
the products of her taste and fiuent pen. May Eternity set 
her seal on all that is held highest in perpetuating the brave, the. 
noble, the faithful and the good, meeting a just reward of 
recompense for the bonds of the flesh, and in Heaven may their 
praise eternal fill the everlasting city of our God." 

'Till earth and sea shall be no more, 
Let marble and brass their deeds enshrine, 
The laurel and cypress their memory entwine. 
Our heart and tongue cease not to tell, 
Of those who live and those who fell. 

Mrs. L. P. FuLP, 

Secretary. 



— 24(1 - 



BETHEL CEMETERY AND LADIES' 
MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE. 

The Ladies' Memorial Association had its origin in the 
natural and affectionate desire of the Southern women of Knox- 
ville, that the graves of the Confederate soldiers who are buried 
here should not be neglected. The Federal Government had 
collected the remains of the Union soldiers from all parts of 
Northern East Tennessee into the beautiful National Cemetery 
in North Knoxville, which with praiseworthy munificence it 
carefully keeps and adorns. 

Sixteen hundred or more Confederate soldiers, representing 
every Confederate State, including Kentucky, Maryland and 
Missouri, died in hospitals or fell in battle in the vicinity of 
Knoxville. Many of them were buried in the County Cemetery. 
The graves of others were mere trenches, shallow and hastily 
made in the environs of the city. Fortimatqly a death and 
burial record was preserved, and when after the war the ladies 
of the Memorial Association began their work of love, they were 
able in most instances to identify the dead. The Association 
was organized on the 13th day of May, 1868, in the old Union 
Eank building, on Main street. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS. 

Mrs. I. L. French, Mrs. J. A. Rayl, Mrs. W. M. Beorden, Mrs. 
H. L. McClung, Mrs. W. M. House, Mrs. E. Fletcher, Mrs. J. 
M. Boyd, Mrs. M. Buckwell, Mrs. W. Morrow, Mrs. M. L. Rogers, 
Mrs. Haynes, Mrs. L. C. Shepard, Mrs. W. P. Elliott, Mrs. L. 
Gillespie, Miss R. O'Conner, Miss E. Ledgewick, Miss Anna 
Peed, Misses Fannie Moses, Lucy Alexander, Fannie Alexander, 
Amanda White, Mary Ault, Missie Ault, Fannie House, Hattie 
Craig, Miss MeClung, E. McClung, Lizzie Welcker, Sophie Park, 
Ella Cocke, Sophie Kennedy. 

"—247 — 



THE FIRST OFFICERS. 

President, ]\Irs. H. L. ]\IcClung; Vice-President, Miss Fannie 
Alexander; Secretary, Miss Sophie Park; Treasurer, Miss 
E. O'Connor. The primary purpose of its founders was to collect 
the remains of the Confederate soldiers, and to watch over and 
protect the graves. In pursuance of this design, very soon after 
the organization was effected, the Association made application 
to the County Court of Knox County to be allowed the custody 
of that portion of the public cemetery in which so many Con- 
federate soldiers were buried. The request was readily granted. 

THE CHARTER. 

On October 7, 1872, a charter was granted to the Ladies^ 
^lemorial Association by the Chancery Court of Knox County. 
The charter members were: Mrs. Jos. L. Gaines, Miss Moody 
White, Miss Sophie Kennedy, Mrs. W. P. Elliott and Mrs. L. C. 
Shepard. January 30, 1873, a deed was executed by Knox 
County to the Ladies' Memorial Association of that part of the 
County Cemetery containing the graves of Confederate soldiers, 
and since that time it has been known as "Bethel Cemetery.'^ 
During all the time since the establishment of the Association 
the ladies have, with unfailing devotion, diligently prosecuted 
their noble purpose. Tlio promises have been enclosed, a house 
erected, and a tenant and watchman secured. To the full extent 
of the limited means at the command of the Association, the 
grounds have been improved and adorned. Every year, upon 
Memorial Day, the graves have been decorated with flowers, 
and without ostentation or parade appropriate exercises have 
been held in honor of the dead and of the cause for which they 
died. About the year 1883 the Association had increased in 
strength to an extent which, in the opinion of its members, 
justified them in undertaking to erect a monument. They had 
long cherished this design but had not, until this time, felt 
assured of their ability to accomplish it. At first they met 
with but little encouragement. Southern men had not much 
to give. They were rebiiilding their homes and broken fortunes. 
But they were willing and the ladies were patient and perse- 
vering. The fund grew gradually but surely and at last it was 
completed, and on the 21st day of ^lay, 1891, more than twenty- 
six years after the end of the war, they laid the corner-stone of 
a monument which shall be a visible token to posterity of the 

— 248 — 



love and veneration of the people of the South for the brave 
men who gave their lives to a sacred cause. 

THE LAYING OF THE CORNER-STONE. 

The following account of the laying of the corner-stone of the 
monument appeared in the Knoxville Daily Tribune of May 22, 
1891: "Yesterday was Confederate Memorial Day. Yesterday 
afternoon, amid hundreds of tear-stained eyes, in Bethel Ceme- 
tery, the corner-stone of the monument to Tennessee Confed- 
erate Dead was laid with appropriate ceremonies. A long line 
of battle scarred veterans, whose eyes beamed with that gallantry, 
bravery and loyalty that characterized their career in the war, 
surrounded the scene to cast a flower in loving remembrance on 
the urn of the sacred tomb of their dead comrades. With tender 
touch, dainty hands distributed the beautiful and fragrant 
flowers along the lines of soldiers' graves, while with soft step 
they gently trod on the sacred city of the dead. Many and 
many were the flowers that fell to the earth wet with tears as a 
mother, sister, daughter and wife's heart bled as she mourned 
the loss of the dead hero who slept so sweetly beneath her feet. 
One felt like removing his hat and bowing his head in reverence 
as he walked over the flower-strewn grounds. J. W. L. Frierson 
acted as master of ceremonies. The ceremonies of laying the 
corner-stone was conducted by Mr. Frank A. Moses. 

"The Ladies' Memorial Association was assisted in the exer- 
cises and ceremonies by the 'Fred Ault Bivouac Zollicoffer Camp.' 
The ceremonies were opened with an eloquent and sincere prayer 
by Kev. Carter Helm Jones, after the assembly call had been 
sounded on a bugle by Mr. H. S. Jones. The male chorus, 
composed of Messrs. Charles Neal, Fred Ault, Tom Davis and 
Arthur E. Davis, assisted by Mr. J. W. Williams, rendered most 
beautifully the popular old air, 'Oft in the Stilly Night.' This 
was followed by the most touching and able oration of Rev. W. C. 
Grace, which is produced below in full. As the oration was 
being delivered many eyes were wet with tears. 

" Ladies, Members of the Confederate Memorial Association, 
and Gentlemen, Veterans of the ' Lost Cause/ — I desire to thank 
you for the kind invitation given me to participate in the exer- 
cises of this day, and to contribute whatever of interest I may 
be able to this occasion. To you, ladies, especially this must be 
an hour of supreme satisfaction. The toils and sacrifices of 
weary years are about to fructify in the consummation of your 

— 249 — 



long cherished purpose to erect a monument to the memory of 
those who perished in the cause they believed to be just. For 
more than twenty years past, I am told, your steadfast purpose 
has been to accomplish this result; cold indeed would be the 
heart that could not rejoice with you at this auspicious moment 
v/hen your hopes are about to be realized. We are not here this 
afternoon to say one word or to do a single deed intended to 
awaken bitter recollections, nor to tear open a fresh wound 
which the balm of years has healed. Years have elapsed since the 
booming of Fort Sanders' cannon, and the heavy tread of con- 
tending soldiery, the animosities engendered tlien should be 
buried now. We come here to do an act of simple justice; to 
lay in the earth this stone, upon which a shaft of marble shall 
stand to help preserve from oblivion, and perhaps calumny, the 
memory of the heroic dead who lie buried around it; to per- 
petuate the memory of men and deeds of valor of which any 
nation may well be proud. 

"I am persuaded that you will not find anywhere to-day, and 
especially in this enlightened Christian community, any one so 
base as to with-hold his s\Tnpathy from you. I rejoice to believe 
tliat the sentiment of a noble and patriotic people, of whatever 
section of our great country they may be, will approve your devo- 
tion and your act. There is nothing which makes me feel prouder 
of being an American citizen than the fact that the true and 
noble of every section of our common country are doing what 
they can to destroy sectional strife and to recognize the sincerity 
and honesty of their late enemies. In my intercourse with the 
true soldier of both armies, I find they entertain profound respect 
for one another. When you hear any man traducing the char- 
acter and uttering bitter maledictions against 'the cowardly 
knaves' of the other army, you may set it down as a fact that he 
is one who never looked do"mn the sights of a shining gun-barrel 
into the blazing eyes of an advancing foe, nor saw the. flash of a 
sabre as it gleamed in the hands of his enemy in actual combat. 
Such vituperation is the peculiar province of the micro- 
scopic politician who has no virtues to commend him to 
the suffrage of his constituency and can thrive only on 
the food of vultures. The true Federal soldier feels it 
would be a disgrace to have been successfully resisted for 
four long years and frequently defeated by a half-fed, 
badly imiformed and badly equipped army of subalterns 

— 250 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1892. 

Knoxville, Tennessee. 



and cowards, and the Confederate soldiers would feel equally- 
mortified to have been overcome by an army, however numerous, 
that possessed none of the elements of true manhood. The truth 
is both armies were Americans, and the deeds of daring, the 
prowess of each alike are the heritage of our country. 

"The sword of Lee should be as much the pride of the nation 
as that of Grant. The historian will soon recognize the prin- 
ciples for which both armies contended and will ascribe to each 
the sincere motives by which it was controlled. Already, as the 
clouds of war have rolled away and the blindness of passion has 
subsided, leaving the perspective clear, the world begins to see 
more definitely the position occupied by the two opposing forces, 
and I believe the day will come when it will be admitted that 
the North was contending for the Union even if the Constitution 
must be sacrificed, and the South was contending for the Con- 
stitution even though the Union should perish, each division 
regarding its principle the most vital. It is not difficult to 
understand how the two political schools originated. One who 
has carefully read the proceedings of the Convention held in 
Philadelphia in 1787, where the Constitution was framed, will 
readily understand the difficulties confronting them. They first 
endeavored to so amend the articles of confederation, under 
which the colonies had been united during the revolutionary war, 
so as to make the strong government desired by many. And when 
it was agreed to cast this aside and frame an entirely new con- 
stitution, gi-eat difficulty was experienced in formulating such 
articles as would be acceptable to those who were in love with 
the liberal privileges granted the states under the articles of the 
Confederation and also to meet the approval of those who were 
in favor of a more compact government. In every State of the 
Union there was a strong party opposed to the Constitution, led 
by men whose patriotism was unquestioned. Patrick Henry 
opposed its ratification by the assembly of his State with his 
gigantic powers. The annulling to some extent of State Rights 
and basing the sovereignty too absolutely on the popular will 
were his chief objections to the instrument, 'despotism forms 
a centralization of power on the one hand and anarchy incident 
to the instability^ of democracy on the other,' were the prominent 
features presented. There were politicians in those days, just as 
there are now. In order to get the approval of the legislature 
and the indorsement of the people of the nine States, 



— 251. 



which was necessary to make the Constitution valid, great 
stress was laid on those parts referring to the privileges 
of the States where that motion was approved by the 
peo])le. In other sections great empliasis was laid on those 
portions referring to .the authority of the general govern- 
ment for the same reason. Thus originated two political 
parties, and in the very beginning of the government the doctrine 
of States Eights was taught, which was supported by many of 
the ablest men the nation had produced. 

"Therefore the Southern soldier believed his allegiance was 
due, first to his State and then to the general government. He 
believed this with all his heart, and so when his State called for 
his service he responded, believing it to be a sacred duty to do 
so. Taking this view of his position no one can justly charge 
him with treason. He can never consent to be called a traitor, or 
that his children should be taught to regard him as such, for it 
would be untrue. His opinions were honestly held and his con- 
victions so true he was willing to seal them with his blood. 
Surrendering to the decision of these issues as determined by 
the result of the Avar, like a true man he proposed to abide by it. 
Tlic^e differences he regards forever settled, and I am persuaded 
that the soldier from Mississippi or Louisiana to-day would give 
his life in defence of his country as freely as the one from 
Massachusetts or Maine. Legends and facts connected with the 
resolution, where our forefathers fought for liberty, were as 
familiar at the hearthstones of South Carolina as to those of New 
Hampshire, and the inborn love of our common country was 
developed as seduously by the mothers of Virginia as of Ver- 
mont. These lessons were lasting, and people reared under 
their influence were filled with patriotism from their cradle. 
Such were Lee, Johnston and Stonewall Jackson, and such were 
the men who were with them in the bivouac and on the battle- 
fields. The luster of such names M'ill adorn the history of any 
nation, and their honor and bravery united witli that of Grant, 
Siierman and Sheridan with the men who followed them will go 
down to posterity as the common heritage of a united people. 
Here, in the presence of these nameless graves this afternoon 
some of the tenderest memories of our lives are awakened — 
memories that are dear because they are embalmed in suffering 
and sacrifice. There, in that grave, perhaps is the dust of a 
r.oble boy wlio went out from the bosom of a happy Georgia home. 



"His fond mother blessed him and looked up above, 
Commending to Heaven the child of her love; 
What anguish was hers her mortal tongue may not say, 
When he passed from her sight in the Jacket of Gray. 

"But her country called him — she would not repine, 
Tho' costly the sacrifice placed on its shrine. 
Her heart's dearest hopes on its altar she lay. 
When she sent out her boy in the Jacket of Gray. 

"Following with brave hearts and unfaltering steps the banner 
of his gallant leader he rushes on the bristling bayonets of Fort 
Sanders and goes down to death in the face of a gallant foe. 
Through the almost angel ministry of womanly hands, by unre- 
mitted labor and unstinted sacrifice this cemetery has been pre- 
pared ; and by the agency of these hands, 

" He was laid to rest in his cold, narrow bed ; 
They may grave on the marble they placed o'er his head. 
As the proudest of tributes their sad hearts can pay. 
He never disgraced the Jacket of Gray." 

"Who tlien will forbid that these hands which have toiled, and 
these hearts which have prayed, may to-day unitedly scatter these 
flowers as tokens of love upon the bosom of this lifeless dust and 
bid it sleep ? 

" What need of question now, if he were wrong or right ? 

He knows ere this whose cause was just in God, the Father's sight. 
He wields no warlike weapons now, returns no foeman's thrust; 
Who but a coward would revile an honored soldier's dust?" 

"It would be a contradiction of a woman's nature untrue to the 
memory of those she so nobly encouraged in the days 'that tried 
men's souls.' Thousands of veterans to-day remember times, 
goaded almost to despair by galling wounds, by bitter cold and 
by tormenting hunger, they were nerved to heroic endurance of 
all these by the recollection that mother, sister or sweetheart 
would expect to hear that their soldier boy faltered not even in 
the face of death. I myself have seen the snow and the frozen 
ground crimson with the blood of men with naked feet marching 
boldly in the line of duty. It is right that you should preserve 
and perpetuate the memory of such heroism. Patriotism every- 
where will commend you for it. In conclusion will you allow 
me to express the hope that soon your cherished purpose will 
materialize in the beautiful monument contemplated. This will 
do what love and marble can to preserve unsullied the names 
and motives of the heroes who died for the cause they loved. 

— 253 — 



When in the years to come the children of future generations 
passing this way shall say to their fathers: ^What mean you by 
these stones?' let them be told the truth concerning the cause 
for which these soldiers died, and let no one cast foul aspersions 
on their names. May this monument stand like a veteran senti- 
nel, who keeps vigil day and night over these graves, quietly 
saying to those who are buried here : 

" Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead, 

Dear as the blood ye gave ; 
No impious footstep here shall tread, 

The herbage of your grave ; 
Nor shall your glory be forgot, 

While fame her record keeps, 
Or honor points the hallowed spot, 

Where valour proudly sleeps. 
This marble minstrels' voiceless stone, 

In deathless song shall tell, 
When many a vanished age hath flown. 

The story how ye fell ; 
Nor wreck, nor change nor winter's blight. 

Nor time's remorseless doom 
Shall dim one ray of glorious light 

That gilds your deathless tomb." 

THE CORNER-STONE. 

Mr. F. A. Moses then stepped forward and conducted the 
ceremonies of laying the corner-stone. He concluded the cere- 
monies by saying: "According to an ancient and honorable 
custom, we deposit in this box the following articles. May the 
monument to be raised on this foundation remain unimpaired 
through ages to come." 

Names and history of Ladies' Memorial Association. 
Constitution and By-Laws of " Fred Ault Bivouac and 
Zollicoffer Camp." 
Two Confederate Flags. Confederate Money. 
Speech of Judge Turney on the Civil War. 
Pamphlets of Knoxville Confederate newspapers. 
Knoxville daily papers. Programme of the ceremonies. 
Confederate postage Stamps. Photograph of Generals. 
List of Confederate soldiers buried in Bethel Cemetery, six hundred 
unknown dead killed at Fort Sanders. 
Copy of pension law of Tennessee. 
Minie balls and bullets from battle-field of Chickamauga. 
Photographic views of Knoxville. 
History of battle of Fort Sanders. 
Roll of " Fred Ault Bivouac, Zollicoffer Camp," and all soldiers on 
Tennessee Division. Minutes first annual Convention United Con- 
federate Veterans. Cut of monument to be built. Knoxville City 
Directory. 

Oration of Rev. W. C. Grace, D. D., delivered upon this occasion. 

— 254 — 



Mrs. George M. White, a venerable lady of eighty-one years, 
deposited the articles in a copper box as the list was read. 
After the box was closed and hermetically sealed, Mr. Moses 
delivered it to Mrs. White, and spoke as follows: "This box, 
which contains the relics and souvenirs of times that are past 
and hopes that are dead, will now be deposited beneath this 
corner-stone. This duty is assigned to one who never shirks any 
duty imposed upon her, or sacrifice required of her — one of those 
noble, true-hearted Southern mothers who, when the tocsin of 
war sounded, with tears in their eyes, love and patriotism in 
their hearts and prayers on their lips sent sons out to battle for 
home and coimtry. May God's richest blessings rest upon her 
and all like her." After the box was deposited in the receptacle, 
the services were concluded. The ceremonies of laying the 
corner-stone were then concluded with a beautiful prayer by 
Eev. G. W. Brewer. "Tenting on the Old Camp Ground," by 
the male chorus was one of the sweetest and most appropriate 
features of the ceremonies. The following is a list of the present 
officers and members of the Ladies' Memorial Association : 

Officers — Miss Missie Ault, President; Mrs. J. K. Mitchell, 
Vice-President; Mrs. 0. X. Payne, Secretary; Mrs. B. P. 
Elliott, Corresponding Secretary ; Miss Moody White, Treasurer. 
Members — Miss Missie Ault, Miss L. Jourolmon, Mrs. 0. IST. 
Payne> Mrs. P. W. Lambright, Mrs. J. W. McTeer, Mrs. B. P. 
Elliott, Mrs. F. S. Moses, Mrs. J. E. Wilcox, Mrs. C. W. Dabney, 
Mrs. S. M. Churchwell, Mrs. Ned Akers, Mrs. T. L. Moses, Mrs. 
E. S. McClung, Mrs. A. P. White, Mrs. W. Hawn, Mrs. J. M. 
Michie, Mrs. J. A. McKeldin, Mrs. J. W. Caldwell, Mrs. C. 0. 
Ward, Mrs. C. S. Newman, Mrs. T. S. Webb, Mrs. G. P. McTeer, 
Mrs. W. Caswell, Mrs. Mary Plant, Mrs. S. L. Goodrich, Mrs. 
Mary Carter, Mrs. Mary Lloyd, Mrs. W. C. Fulcher, Mrs. A. 
Allison, Mrs. Eep Jones, Mrs. J. H. Crozier, Mrs. J. W. Glenn, 
Miss Orr, Mrs. Breck, Mrs. C. W. Charlton, Mrs. H. E. Cleage, 
Mrs. T. S. Levant, Mrs, H. Hudgins, Mrs. Sharp, Mrs. Sam 
McKinney, Mrs. J. Williams, Mrs. Tom Caldwell, Mrs. A. K. 
Seldon, Mrs. Agnew, Mrs. C. Brownlow, Miss Ida Hood, Miss 
Catherine Castul, Miss Moody White, Mrs. E. Page, Mrs. P. 
Sammons, Mrs. Sophie Hunter, Mrs. Lucy Finnegan, Mrs. 
Flippen, Mrs. A. J. Campbell, Mrs. J, McGuive, Mrs. Andrew 
K. Humes, Mrs. Lizzie Turner, Mrs. G. E. McCormick, Mrs. 
Maxwell, Mrs. Camood, Mrs. James Hall, Mrs. Haynes, Mrs. J. 

— 255 — 



L. Boyd, Mrs. J. 'M. Boyd, Mrs. Iva Boyd, Miss R. Davis, Mrs. 
W. B. Lockett, Sr., Mrs. Luckey, Miss Sallie Jackson, Mrs. 
Tapley Portlock, Mrs, John McGrath, Mrs. Henry Heavener, 
Mrs. Lizzie Hicks, Mrs. Litten Thomas, Mrs. W. C. McCoy, Mrs. 
j\Iaggie Gillespie, Miss Mattie Camden, Mrs. C. Deaderick, Mrs. 
Lewis Hall, Mrs. R. A. Keller, Mrs. J. A. McNichols, Mrs. H. L. 
jMizner, Mrs. Eliza Postle, Mrs. C. W. Steel, Mrs. C. 0. Word, 
Mrs. Andrew Navem, ]\Irs. N. B. Haynes, Miss Pattie Boyd, Mrs. 
Klutz, Mrs. Kern, Mrs. Geo. Miller, Mrs. Joe Porter, Mrs. 
A. P. White, Mrs. C. C. Hill, Mrs. Sam :\rcLillian. :\rrs. Geo. 
Henderson, Miss Mamie Henderson, Mrs. Laura Snift, Miss 
Rose Badget, Mrs. Laura Lewis, Mrs. M. Buckwell, Mrs. Charles 
O'Lutz, Mrs. Daniel Briscoe, Mrs. William Hazen, Mrs. George 
W. White, Mrs. Alice D. Roberts, Mrs. Elizabeth A. Gibson, Mrs. 
Susie Howard McCalla, ]\Iiss Margaret Lewis McCalla. The 
officers at present: Mrs. Wm. Caswell, President; Miss Missie 
Ault, Vice-President; Mrs. Mary Lloyd, Secretary; Mrs, S. P. 
Hunter, Corresponding Secretary; Miss Moody White, Treasurer; 
Mrs. J. T. McTeer, Chairman of Executive Committee. The 
names of many ladies who have assisted in the noble work do 
not appear in the list. Some have changed their residence and 
some have passed away. Among the latter we especially recollect 
;Mrs. L. C. Shcppard, a noble woman, to whose untiring efforts 
much of the success of the Association is due. 

THE MONUMENT. 

The contract for the erection of the monument was 
awarded to a Knoxvillc firm, ]\Iessrs. Geo. W. Callahan 
& Bros,, and right well have they discharged their duty. They 
have not only erected a monument which is an honor to the brave 
men who sleep under its shadow and an ornament to the city 
of the dead in which it stands, but they have liberally contributed 
to the cost of its construction, and have done what they could to 
make it what it is. The statue was designed by Mr. Lloyd Bran- 
son of Knoxville, and is remarkable for its expression of quiet 
courage and disciplined enthusiasm. Mr. Branson has been ex- 
ceedingly fortunate in this statue, and it will be a monument 
to his genius as well as to the brave souls whose death it com- 
memorates. The pedestal and shaft on which the heroic statue 
stands is exactly the correct height to show the fijgure of the 
Confederate private as he stands at "parade rest" to advantage. 

— 256 — 



The shaft of the monument is twelve feet square at the" base and 
forty-eight feet high. On the north side is the inscription : 

Our 

Confederate 

Dead. 

On the South of it is a longer inscription, which reads thus : 

This Shaft 

Placed here with reverent hands, May 19, 1892, 

By the Ladies' Memorial Association of Knoxville, Tennessee, 

Commemorates 

The heroic courage and the unshaken constancy 

of more than 1,600 soldiers of the South, 

Who, in the great war between the States, 1861 to 1865, 

Were inspired 

By the holiness of a patriotic^ and impersonal love, 

And in the mountain passes of Tennessee, whether on stricken 

field or in hospital ward. 

Gave ungrudgingly their lives to their country. 

" And their deeds, proud deeds shall remain for us, 
And their names, dear names without stain for us, 
And the glories they won shall not wane for us, 

In legend and lay, 

Our heroes in gray 
Though dead, shall live over again for us." 

On the East side is this poetry : 

" Forgotten ! No ! We can not all forget, 
Or when we do, farewell to honor's face, 
To hope's sweet tendence, valor's unpaid debt, 

And every noblest grace 
Which nursed in love might still benignly bloom 
Above a nation's tomb." 

The entire monument is constructed of Tennessee gray marble 
quarried almost withing sight of the place where it now stands. 
The contract price was $4,500, a very low estimate indeed for 
a monument which will compare favorably with any Confederate 
monument. The money was raised by the Ladies' Memorial 
Association, with the assistance of their friends, by means of 
suppers, festivals, etc., and by subscriptions ranging from 35 
cents to $250.00. We are glad to note that among the liberal sub- 
scribers were several gallant ex-Federal soldiers, who by these 
and many similar acts have shown their respect for their former 
foes and have endeared themselves to the ladies of the Memorial 
Association and all friends of the Confederate Soldier. As the 
monument neared completion it was decided that the unveiling 
should take place on Thursday, May 19, 1893, Memorial Day. 
A joint meeting of the Ladies' Memorial Association, Felix K 

•«*7 — 



Zollicoffer Camp and Fred Ault Bivouac was held, and an Execu- 
tive Committee was appointed, which was charged with the duty 
of making all arrangements for the ceremonies of unveiling the 
monument. The committee was composed of J. W. S. Frierson, 
Miss Missie Ault, Mrs. J. T. McTeer, Mrs. J. W. Caldwell, 
John F. Howe, Chas. Ducloux, C. H. Thomas, F. A. Moses, E. 
W. Crozier, J. L. Khea, M. J. Condon, J. W. Green, Rev. Carter 
Helm Jones and Hayne Davis. 

Appropriate sub-committees were appointed, composed of 
members of the Executive Committee and others, who aided 
materially in making the occasion the grand success it was. 
Major General Wm. B. Bate, United States Senator from Ten- 
nessee, was invited to deliver the address, and General E. Kirby 
Smith of Sewanee, Tennes'see, was appointed Chief Marshal of 
the occasion. A staff, composed of prominent Confederate sol- 
diers, was selected for General Smith. The day set for the 
occasion was everything to be desired except for the prevalence 
of a high wind whicK interferred with the carrying out of some 
features of the programme. The following account of the exer- 
cises of the day is compiled from the city papers of the next day : 

From the Daily Journal. 

Memorial Day dawned bright and clear. It was a model day 
in every particular. The morning trains brouglit into the city 
floral tributes from every little town, both up and down the road. 
Flowers came in abundance, most beautiful ones, but not more 
beautiful than that memory in which the fallen heroes were held 
by those who gathered at the cemetery to do them homage. The 
time for all the programme events had been moved up just one 
hour. Sliortly before two o'clock the procession began to form 
on Main street, and but a few minutes later Gen. E. Kirby 
Smith, accompanied by his staff, came in sight on Gay street. 
All down that thoroughfare to the court house General Smith 
was compelled to raise his hat to the crowds upon the sidewalks 
who sought to do him honor. What a picturesque sight too he 
was as he rode his bay charger down the streets. How different 
he appeared to those old citizens who saw him when he was here 
"on business" during the recent 'T^all game." Then he was a 
dashing, brave general, in the very prime of life. Yesterday he 
appeared as the brave and dashing citizen once General, but 
time has not dealt lightly with him. He has passed through 
many winters, and their snows have fallen upon him not without 



leaving their trace, A sparely built, square shouldered, thin 
faced gentleman, with a pair of keen eyes that shine like dia- 
monds in their expression of his words, snow-white hair and 
flowing beard, that is General E. Kirby Smith. Past the pro- 
cession on Main street he rode with uncovered head. The heads 
of all these veterans were also bared, and as if one man they 
cheered him to the echo. At 2 :15 o'clock the procession began 
to move, Chief Atkins and Lieutenant Eeeder, with a detach- 
ment of police, led the way. Then followed General Smith and 
staff. Next came Knoxville's pride, the city band, under the 
leadership of Prof. E. W. Crozier. From their instruments came 
the notes of that beautiful old musical number, "The Officer's 
Funeral," wliich was especially arranged for them by Prof. 
Knobe of this city. Following the band of music were two 
carriages containing the gentlemen to take part in the exercises 
at the Cemetery, Gen. Bate, Dr. Jos. Park, Col. Jas. E. Carter. 
Behind them came on foot the members of the Fred Ault Bivouac, 
Zollicoffer Camp, J. E. B. Stuart's Camp Sons of Confederate 
Veterans, with their many guests from other towns to the num- 
ber of four himdred. On the breasts of many were handsome 
badges showing to what command they belonged, but on each 
were pretty red badges, each of which bore a picture of the 
monument to be unveiled, furnished by the Committee of Ar- 
rangements. Following behind the veterans and their sons, who 
have but recently banded themselves together, came a procession 
of carriages that took full twenty-five minutes to pass a given 
jooint, the carriages containing members of the Ladies' j\Iemo- 
rial Association, to whom is due all credit for the erection of the 
monument, a number of representative citizens of Knoxville 
with their wives and children and guests from the surrounding 
territory to this city. It was a few minutes after 3 o'clock when 
the exercises at the Cemetery began. Around the speaker's stand 
stood thousands with their upturned faces. The brass howitzer 
that stood outside the gate had thimdered forth its peal of 
thunder. After the band had beautifully rendered "Safe in the 
Arms of Jesus," Col. J. W. S. Frierson, Chairman of Executive 
Committee, announced Eev. Jas. Park, who offered up a most 
beautiful prayer to Almighty God. During the course of his 
invocation he said : "Almighty God, we are gathered here for a 
patriotic purpose. Our minds revert to those troublous times of 
carnage and blood, times that tried men's souls, with gratitude 

— 259 — 



for the manly pride and heroism displayed on the battlefield for 
our country. We beseech thee. Oh God ! to let Thy benediction 
rest upon the Veterans of the Confederate Army who are here 
to-day to dedicate the memorial to the honor of the dead. Let 
thy blessings rest upon the mothers and sisters of those who 
wore the gray, who have spent their efforts in erecting this monu- 
ment to the memory of the Confederate Dead.'' "Tenting on the 
Old Camp Ground" was next rendered by the band, after which 
Hon. H. H. Taylor stepped forward to deliver the address of 
welcome. It was as follows: 

"The Ladies' Memorial Association of Bethel Cemetery have 
commissioned me to extend to you a cordial welcome to these 
sacred precincts, to invite you to join with them in the exercises 
about to take place, and to enjoy with them the full fruition of 
their long and anxious labors of love to the heroic dead who 
rest about this monument. It is now a quarter of a century ago 
since this labor of love and duty was commenced, and many a 
sainted member of the old band has fallen by the way, but the 
long night has passed and the noontide of their hopes and 
prayers realized. The Association has been greatly aided in its 
labors by Federals as well as by Confederates, and to-day these 
noble women, with hearts full of gratitude to all, bid me extend 
to every one a most heartfelt welcome. Twenty -one years ago 
I had the honor to deliver the first memorial address ever de- 
livered in tliis country. In iTiat address I quoted from the sweet 
singer of South Carolina tliese couplets : 

"Sleep sweetly in your humble graves, 

Ye martyrs of a fallen cause ! 
Though no marble monument. 

Crave the pilgrim here to pause. 
In seeds of laurel in the earth 

The blossom cf your fame in bloom, 
And somewhere waiting for its birth, 

The shaft is in the stone." 

Thanks to the devotion and energies of the ladies of this Asso- 
ciation and to the beneficence of the many generous men of the 
community who so liberally contributed to the good work, we 
are able to proclaim the completion of the monument and show 
that the sentiment of the sweet ceuplets of twenty-two years has 
been reversed ; tliat a monument docs now ' crave the pilgrim 
here to pause;' that to-day the shaft is not in the stone, but the 
stone in the shaft. Again I welcome you to the grounds and to 
participation in the further exercises of the hour." 

— 260 — 



The next event on the programme was the unveiling of the 
monument, but this ceremony, which had been delegated to the 
beautiful little Miss Moody McTeer, necessarily had to be dis- 
pensed with, for nature herself had torn the veil from the Con- 
federate soldier, who stands at "parade rest" at the top of the 
high marble column. The band struck up that inspiring piece ol 
music to Southern men, " Dixie." The minute guns roared during 
the playing of Dixie, and the enthusiasm of the crowd was 
unbounded, yells followed one another in rapid succession. Then 
Col. James E. Carter arose, and in a brief speech introduced 
Gen. W. B. Bate, U. S. Senator from Tennessee. Said Col. 
Carter : "I am here to introduce Gen. Bate. As a leader in the 
Confederate Army none were braver. He had the unbounded 
confidence of his men and led them to many victories. As Gov- 
ernor of our historic State he left an untarnished record. After 
serving two terms he was called to the more exalted position, one 
that was approved by all the State. As United States Senator 
he had the respect and esteem, not only of his State, but his 
fellow Senators. As a citizen and a man he holds the warmest 
place in our hearts, in every walk of life as a man and citizen, as 
a husband and a father. This is the man I introduce to you to- 
day as the orator of this auspicious occasion." 

This Association continues to increase in number. In 1897 
a marble wall was placed around the cemetery. 

Moody White, 
Secretary pro tern. 

On January 13th, 1902, the Ladies' Memorial Association 
was called to mourn the death of Miss Sophia Moody White, one 
of its most active and faithful members. The following resolu- 
tions were passed at a meeting of the Association: 

In Memoeiam. 

Whereas: In the Providence, of God, the angel of death has 
entered our ranks and taken from our little band of workers, 
one of our noblest, most loyal members, in the recent, unex- 
pected demise of Sophia Moody White, and 

Whereas: Our Society deeply deplores the death of this true, 
Christian woman, and most zealous adherent to the cause of the 
Southern Confederacy : 

Be it Resolved, That bowing to tlie will of the all-wise Father, 
who doeth all things for the good of His children, we pray for 

— 261 — 



His grace to aid us, and His hand to guide us, as hitherto He 
aided and guided our dear friend in her work among us. 

Resolved, That in the death of Sophia Moody White, our 
beloved friend and co-worker in the Ladies' Memorial Associa- 
tion, each member of our Society feels a sense of keen, personal 
loss and that the Association has sustained the loss of one of 
its truest, most cherished members, one who was ever ready, in 
word and work, to aid in the noble cause of keeping green the 
memory of the heroic dead whose lives were freely sacrificed 
upon their country's hallowed altar. 

Resolved, That a page of the minutes be dedicated to a memo- 
rial of our friend and lamented fellow-worker, and a copy of 
these resolutions be forwarded to the family of the deceased. 

Sophie H. Hunter, 
Katherine H. Newman, 
IvA McM. Boyd, 

Committee. 



SOUTHERN MOTHERS, 
MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE. 

Early in the summer of 1861, a call was made to the ladies 
of Memphis to meet at the residence of Mrs. LeRoy Pope, to 
organize a society to assist the soldiers then being enlisted for 
the defence of the South. Many ladies responded, and the 
*' Southern Mothers" were organized, with Mrs. S. C. Law, 
President (the aunt of General J. B. Gordon), Mrs. W. S. 
Pickett, Vice-President; Mrs. Lockhard, Treasurer, and Mrs. 
LeRoy Pope, Secretary. 

The intention was to go to the camps near the city and see 
to the wants of the sick soldiers. 

A short time afterward General Hindman, of Arkansas, on 
his homeward journey from Richmond, telegraphed to some 
gentleman of the city, that he had thirty soldiers who were 
too ill to travel and whom he was unwilling to take back to 
Arkansas, and he asked that some provision be made for them. 
Sunday at midnight, the President, Mrs. Law, was aroused and 
asked if the " Southern ]\Iothers " could meet the emergenc}', 
she replied, " yes." Mr. James Flaherty, whose wife was a 
member of the society was notified, also Mr. Oliver Greenlaw. 
The latter gave the use of a large vacant store. Mr. Flaherty 

— 262 — 




SOUTHERN MOTHERS, 

Memphis, Tennessee. 



I. Mrs. J. W. Fowler. 
3. Mrs. Emily Ball. 



2. Mrs. J. H. Humphreys. 
4. Mrs. Mary E. Pope. 



supplied beds, mattresses and feather pillows. The ladies made 
sheets, pillow cases and hospital shirts. They appointed Dr. Curry 
as surgeon. When General Hindman arrived at noon complete 
provision for his sick men awaited them and before night thirty 
men were lying in fresh, clean beds, and the "Southern Mothers" 
Hospital was opened. Here we worked all summer, until the 
number of sick soldiers, asking for our help, demanded larger 
accommodations, and a store in the East end of the Irving 
Block was offered us. In this building we cared for over two 
thousand men, with a mortality of less than 3i/^%. The entire 
country came to our aid with provisions, clothing and money, 
and the men were well cared for. In response to our request 
President Davis appointed Dr. Curry " Surgeon of the Army," 
in recognition of the work which was being done. Federal 
prisoners were cared for as well as our own sick and wounded. 
The first man who died was buried in a lot in Elmwood, donated 
by Col. Lenow. Mr. Hoist, Mrs. Flaherty and Mrs. Pope buried 
the dead soldier. As we were unable to get a clergyman, Mrs. Pope 
read the Service of the Dead at the grave. The next soldier who 
died was buried by the Eev. Dr. White, of Calvary Church. One 
of our brave Confederate soldiers who died in Missouri, at his 
own request, was sent to Mrs. Pope for burial. She buried 
him in her own lot in Winchester Cemetery. One evening in 
planting flowers over his grave night over-took her. She started 
up, to find a strange man gazing at her. Seldom had this brave 
woman known such fear, being alone with her little girl. The 
man advanced, called her by name, saying that he had seen her 
often in the Hospital, and had remained late to escort her home, 
in honor of the good Southern Mothers. In the prosecution of 
our work we met with unvarying appreciation from our citizens. 
We could narrate incidents suflicient to fill a volume. On one 
occasion, when a soldier was about to leave the hospital, a 
soldier in the next cot whispered to us that the man had no 
socks. We secured a pair from our well filled wardrobe and 
gave them to him, he blushed and said : " I brought no socks 
here." We told him how they came to us and he then put 
them on. A week later we received from that Confederate 
soldier a hundred dollar bill for our treasury, marked : " The 
price of a pair of socks." Finding the work growing beyond 
the management of this more than spartan band, the hospital 
was turned over to the government, a short time before Memphis 



263 — 



fell, and we continued to nurse in the military hospital. When 
Memphis was surrounded the sick were taken to the City Hospi- 
tal, then outside the city limits where the Sisters of St. Agnes 
•cared for them. We received a message from the Sisters, asking 
us to get them some dainties for the sick. From our pantries 
in the Irving Block we obtained what could be taken in a 
carriage. The next day when we called to procure more, we 
found a Federal soldier at the door, and were refused admit- 
tance. Our old hospital was turned into a prison. Here those 
of us who remained in the city, continued our labors, feeding 
the Southern prisoners to the ^-ery limit of our slender resources. 
Some of us, I am afraid at times assisted them to escape. Those 
who escaped always came to us, and of course, we did not give 
them up to the Federal authorities, but did the best we could to 
get them outside the lines. 

The Southern Mothers Association is now but a name, only 
a few of the noble women being left who originally joined their 
forces to soothe with womanly help and sympathy, the sick 
and dying, a task that naturally comes easy to women, and in 
this case doubly so, as we watched over the friends of our dear 
Southland. 

The Southern Mothers had but one President, and, as we laid 
her gently to rest in Elmwood Cemetery only a little hill divid- 
ing her grave from those of the soldiers, whom she loved and 
nursed so tenderly, we resolved never to have another President. 

Mrs. Fanny Barker Galloway, one of this faithful band of 
women, died recently in Memphis at the age of eighty-one years. 
She was a devoted Confederate and practical in her manifesta- 
tions of patriotism. Herself childless, she reared and educated 
twenty orphan children of Confederate parentage and left them 
provided for at death. The Legislature of the State of Ten- 
nessee, was petitioned by the Ladies Memorial Association, to 
to change the date of Memorial Day, and to fix upon June 3rd, 
the anniversary of the birth of JelTerson Davis, the President of 
the Confederate States of America, as Confederate Memorial 
Day for the State. In this patriotic movement, Hon. T. J. 
Collier, a member of the House of Representatives, assisted. The 
measure finally passed and became a legal enactment. Mr. 
Collier is the son of a distinguished Confederate Veteran and he 
feels a justifiable pride in liaving been tlie medium of procur- 
ing the passage of this bill, thus alFording an opportunity to 



264 — 




SOUTHERN MOTHERS, 

Memphis, Tennessee. 

I. Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Cummings. 2. Mrs. Phoebe Frazer Edmonds. 

3. Mrs. America Weaver Bruce. 4. Mrs. S. C. Law. 



the loyal and devoted people of the State to honor the name 
of the^ South's greatest Cliieftain, Jefferson Davis, whose name 
and memory should never be allowed to die. During the past 
year two of this noble band were called to their final reward- 
Mrs. America Weaver Bruce and Mrs. Phoebe A. Edmunds. 
The following is taken from the Memphis Scimitar: "Mrs 
Edmunds was born in North Carolina eighty-five years ago, 
but has lived in Memphis for the greater part of her life. She 
was greatly beloved by all who knew her. She took great interest 
in Confederate Memorial work and was thoroughly Southern in 
her sympathies. She was one of the original " Southern 
Mothers," whose noble self-sacrificing work in the interest of 
the sick and wounded Confederates made them a notable body 
of women. Of these there are now since the death of Mrs. 
Edmunds only seven left. The memory of their noble work, 
however, will be alive for years in the hearts of the Memphis 
people long after they have passed away." 

Seven only now remain, their heads wreathed with the snowy 
garlands of age, their hearts bound by the ties of common pur- 
pose and experience. A unique Spartan group, their strong, 
yet maternal faces, reflecting a charming womanliness combined 
with un-faltering courage. It is a source of regret that all of 
their pictures do not appear. They are types of a race that is 
vanished from the world's stage. 

The surviving members are here named: Mrs. J. H. Hum- 
phreys, Mrs. Mary E. Pope, Mrs. Emily Ball, Mrs. H. A. Fowler, 
Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Cummings, Mrs. M. E. Wormley, Miss 
Bettie Yancy. These ladies reside in Memphis, Tennessee, and, 
although advanced in years, are still active in the daily pursuits 
of life and are deeply interested in all that tends to preserve the 
memories of the valor and heroic fortitude of the Confederate 
soldier. 

Mrs. J. H. Humphreys. 



265 



LADIES' CONFEDERATE MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE. 

" Blest ashes ! — keep the dust the mother loves, 
As she in solemn grandeur keeps their shields, — 
The dead who died with victory in their ears, 
Who never knew their daring issue failed! — 
Rest lightly, as a curtain spun of mist, — 
Let no rude zephyr tell the story there, — 
Unto the dead, whom all the world has crowned, — 
Who never felt the woe the vanquished feel !" 

More than thirty years ago, some of the women who had 
nursed and ministered to the sick and wounded Confederate 
soldiers in the Irving Block and in their owti homes in Mem- 
phis, met at Elmwood to put flowers on the graves of our 
soldiers, who are buried in the Confederate lot. 

They and their children continued this ceremony each year, 
without a single omission, the only bond being a loving interest 
in the Cause, until May 16th, 1889, when believing that they 
could do more work if organized, they became a formal body 
under the charter of the Confederate Historical Association, 
which was one of the earliest organized after the close of the 
war, and incidentally, the only Confederate Association of which 
President Davis was an active member. Since which time, the 
Ladies Confederate Memorial Association have continued their 
annual Memorial services, acting as auxiliary to the Confederate 
Historical Association. 

This faithful band of women has shown upon its rolls, most 
of the prominent names well known to Memphis, especially of 
the old regime, and has, on several occasions, held a membership 
of two hundred, but the work and the tastes of the women who 
compose it, have made of it a quiet, dignified body, of whom 
the outside world does not often hear, but strong and faithful 
to the purposes of its being; the fitting observance of Memorial 
Day, the building of monuments and the placing of headstones, 
and responding, when practicable to calls for help from other 
•Associations who are trying to do rescue work in reclaiming 
Confederate graves, in preservation of records, and establishing 
the truth of history. 

Changes and death have reduced the ranks, but each spring, 
they close up with renewed tenderness one toward another, and 
meet, to weave their more than one thousand evergreen wreaths, 
that each white headstone may be remembered, and the monu- 

— 266 — 




MRS. FANNIE BARKER GALLOWAY, 

(Southern Mothers) 
Memphis,' Tennessee. 



ment twined with garlands. At the close of the services on 
Memorial Day, just before " Company A — United Confederate 
Veterans " fires its military salute and " taps " are sounded, 
these wreaths are placed by a hundred and fifty little children, 
who march two by two, led by a young ensign bearing a Confeder- 
ate flag, directed by Mrs. Thomas Day, who has made this work 
of marshalling the children a labor of love, for the past ten 
years. 

The Association has numbered among its Presidents, Mrs. 
Charles W. Frazer, Mrs. Luke E. Wright, Mrs. Kellar Anderson, 
Mrs. Mary E. Wormley, Mrs. J. C. McDavitt, Mrs. Hugh L. 
Bedford and Mrs. C. B. Bryan (now presiding). Mrs. Charles 
W. Frazer was its organizer and first President, and two daugh- 
ters of Admiral Semmes, Mrs. Wright and Mrs. Bryan, have 
served the Association in that capacity. A sketch of the Ladies' 
Confederate Memorial Association of Memphis, would be incom- 
plete without a mention of its efficient Treasurer, Mrs. J. H. 
Moyston, who has filled this position by unanimous election, 
for many years, consecutively. 

Modest and unostentatious in its methods, but always alert 
to any call for the perpetuation of Southern memories, a glance 
over the records of the Association, shows the following contri- 
butions : 

To The Battle Abbey Fund $850.00 

To The Jefi:erson Davis Monument Association 500.00 

To Confederate Bazaar at Richmond 250.00 

To Soldiers and Sailors' Home, Eichmond 160.00 

To Sam Davis Monument 150 . 00 

Believing that the memories and personal experiences of 
women who have lived and served through the stormy period 
of '61 to '65, however homely or thrilling, may be of interest 
to the future historian of our people, as well as to the rising 
generation, it has been the custom of this Association to hold 
social meetings through the winter, on the first Monday after- 
noon of each month, at which meetings, a story or incident 
of the war recollections of one of the members is read, as 
the others gather around the cheerful open fires, for these 
meetings are always held in the homes of the members. The 
Ladies' Confederate Memorial Association, which is a child 
of the original Southern Mothers' Association, holds in its 

— 267 — 



membership all of the remaining Southern Mothers, and 
sometimes, through direct descent, four generations are repre- 
sented at these meetings. In some instances, where age or 
feebleness prevent, the usual story is told, rather than written, 
notes of which are taken by one of the younger menil)ers 
without the knowledge of the reciter however, whose spark- 
ling eyes and impassioned speech, relieved now and then by 
a reminiscent laugh, are conclusive evidences that "There's 
Life in the Old Land Yet !" Under such an environment, as 
under no other, the storehouse of memory is opened, and every 
incident is carefully preserved, after enjoyment by the faith- 
ful circle, from the thrilling adventures of ''running the 
blockade" down to the humorously pathetic history of the old 
army mule, whose grave is yearly decorated in loving commemo- 
ration. Some of the papers are sketches of childish recollec- 
tion, rich in atmosphere and legend, that can be found in no 
other quarter. It is the purpose of the Association to gather 
these stories in book form at some future day, as a legacy to 
its children, the younger members of the organizatiton. With 
•feelings of pride, this Association records that it was one of 
the charter members of the Confederated Southern Memorial 
Association, which was organized several years ago by our 
patriotic President, Mrs. W. J. Behan, for it realizes that only 
by Confederation can its tender work of years, which no like 
organization can afford to lose, be perpetuated and its archives 
be preserved, distinct and separate. Though other and newer 
bodies of women may take up a similar work (for there is 
room for all of them) and spread a strong and helpful influence 
along the lines of history, patriotism and the building of monu- 
ments, to these thinning bands, proven, tried by fire in the leaden 
hail of war, and to their children after them, belongs the cere- 
monial of this purely Memorial work. Sweet be the sleep of 
our low-tented heroes, — dreamless, calm and sweet ! — for while 
all time shall last, these sentinels of peace shall stand, the 
vestals of an altar, old as God, whose living flame is love ! 



:68 — 




TEXAS 

SUL ROSS MEMOEIAL ASOCIATION. 
WACO, TEXAS. 

Euskin sajs, "every nation's vice or virtue is written in its 
art; tlie soldiership of early Greece; the sensuality of late Italy 
the visionary religion of Tuscany; the splendid human ener^; 
of Venice To this we will add the unequaled heroism of our 
Southland, and for this purpose the Ross Memorial and Foun- 
tain Association has been organized, and will erect an equestrian 
statue of Governor Ross, around which will flow pure water from 
my hological figures, to allay the thirst of man and beast, and 
will forever remind posterity of the purity that adorned the life 
of L. S. Ross. It will be in the park that the fragrance of 
flowers will rise in incense to his memory and to the memories 
of every one who has assisted in erecting, "this marble minstrel 
who will sing to eternal tune." There will not onlv be son^s 
of heroism, but of gratitude. For it will be beneaih the cool 
shade and soft strains of music that the tired clerks, workmen 
and dusty travelers, will send forth their grateful melodies 
until angels will draw aside the curtains and the bended heavens 
wi stop to listen. Thus a voice will be heard saying, " To build 
with stone IS well, but with flesh better, templet not made with 
hands but riveted of hearts, and that kind of marble crimson 
veined IS indeed eternal.'' It was Mrs. Sterling Robertson, nee 
Miss Lorena Westbrook, who first suggested that a statue be 
erected m honor of Lawrence Sullivan Ross, Indian warrior 
Confederate soldier and ex-Governor of Texas 

The Texas "Sul" Ross Memorial Association was oro-anized 
m 1902, Mrs. Sterling C. Robertson was re-elected SeXj 
the second year; the women of Texas are enthusiastic over the 
erection of this statue. At the name of Lawrence Sullivan 
Ross, every man s heart is thrilled with love and admiration, for 
there is reflected on the canvas of the past a panoramic ;iew 



— 269 — 



of his heroic deeds, and acts of mercy. If L. S. Ross, the man 
we all delight to honor, could lean from the battlements of 
heaven, we would hear the echo of his voice saying: Prepare to 
meet that last enemy! Take the sword of the spirit (which is 
the Bible) put on the breast-plate of faith, and helmet of salva- 
tion, and on the wings of our Saviour's love rise upward to 
God and heaven, light and glory, happiness and enternity." j\Irs. 
Eobertson's noble and patriotic work is already assured of suc- 
cess. It seems indeed incredible that one gentle, delicate woman 
could accomplish a deed at once so noble and so colossal. Her 
work is to secure a lasting memento of the great hero all Tex- 
ans delight to honor, and at the base of the statue (equestrian 
shaft of General Ross) will be a drinking fountain for both man 
and beast. Mrs. Robertson's enthusiasm has enlisted the aid 
and support of all influential and patriotic Texans, men, women, 
and children of both high and low degree; and she now believes 
that the statue will be unveiled before the close of 1904. 

A Sketch of Lawrence Sullivan Ross. 

It would take the pen of Sir Walter Scott to portray the chiv- 
alry of our Bruces, Douglasses, Wallaces and Ravenwoods for 
there is a romantic legend connected with almost every moun- 
tain 'gorge and flowered plain in Texas. Lawrence Sullivan 
Eoss was born in Bentonsport, Iowa, in 1838. His father moved 
to Texas in 1839, and many were the thrilling adventures 
related in his presence during his childhood. We cannot be 
surprised to see our soldier of twenty years of age with 135 
friendly Indians charging into a Comanche village. Look ! He 
is surrounded by twenty-five warriors; hear their yell of victory 
as they see him fall, and the glittering scalping knife over his 
head. A signal of retreat is sounded and the fiendish work 
is left undone. In this battle of the Wichita Mountains, 
young Ross won his laurels and shed his first blood for Texas. 
It was his gallantry on this battlefield that called forth the 
following eulogy from General Sam Houston. " I am satisfied 
with the same opportunities you will rival, if not excel, the great- 
est exploits of McCuUough or Jas. R. Hays. Continue to repel, 
pursue and punish every body of Indians coming into the State 
and the people will not withhold the praise." General Winlield 
Scott in an autograph letter complimented him and tendrred liini 
his assistance. Captain Ross proved himself worthy of their 

— 270 — 








GEN'L LAWRENCE SULLIVAN ROSS, 
Waco. Texas. 



friendship. He surprised Peta Nocona on Pease River; killed 
the chieftain and captured his wife (the long lost Cynthia 
Ann Parker). This battle of Pease River prevented many 
depredations during the Civil War. As soon as Texas seceded 
Captain Ross joined his brother's company as a private, but 
he was soon elected Major. In Arkansas he protected General 
Price's retreat with such gallantry, that he was promoted 
Colonel. 

After bearing his escutcheon of honor untarnished from many 
battle-fields in Mississippi, we find him charging the fire breath- 
ing, death dealing battery Robinett. The ramparts are reached 
and guns silenced, but two hundred brave Texans lay in a space 
of three hundred yards. Then the Confederate army began to 
retreat. Colonel Ross went to the assistance of General Moore 
who was commanded to hold the bridge over I^atchez River. 
Our hero saw the salvation of the army was hanging on a pivot. 
The Federals with ten times as many men had possession of 
the bridge. Colonel Ross drove them back again and again, 
until the last wagon had passed in safety. In commenting on 
his conduct. General Maury says, "During the battle of Natchez 
Colonel Ross commanded his brigade and evinced such conspicu- 
ous gallantry, that when called upon to report to the war depart- 
ment the name of the officers especially distinguished there, and 
at Corinth, I reported the name of Colonel L. S. Ross to Gen. 
Cooper." Other letters were written by Generals J. E. Johnston, 
and S. D. Lee. Colonel Ross then received his Commission as 
Brigadier General. There was no one in all that galaxy of glory 
who wore the wreathed stars during the war more deserving the 
honor, than Lawrence Sullivan Ross. It devolved on Gen. Ross 
to cover General Hood's gloomy retreat. The Texans knew that 
the hand of fate had written the epitaph of the Confederacy 
above the hopes of her people, yet the last call of the bugle 
found them as ready to mount as did the first, when cheered 
by the smiles of wives and lovers. Like Napoleon, General 
Ross had never taught his drummer boy to beat a retreat, but 
now the testing time of his soul had come, for the death knell 
of the Confederacy was sounded in the bugle notes, yet the sul- 
len, slow retreat was crowTied with victories to the world. The 
South was not conquered, but over-powered. In the last charge 
near Murfreesboro, General Ross captured three hundred and 
fifty prisoners and a train of commissary supplies. After our 

— 271 — 



hero returned home lie battled with adversity as he did with 
the enemy, and his victories were as brilliant as those of Yazoo 
City, Liverpool and Latartia. For five years he was sheriff of 
]\IcLenuau County. It was there that Texas needed such men 
as Lawrence Sullivan Ross, for Anarchy reigned supreme, ^Mercy 
shrieked and Justice hid her face. 

Like Cincinnatus, he was called from his farm to fill the liiirh- 
est office of his State. The prosperity of Texas during his 
administration speaks in more eloquent terms than inspired 
words of his devotion to duty and the love of our Southland. 
Govorn(u- Ross was engaged in one hundred and thirty-five battles 
and skirmishes, captured twenty stands of colors and had seven 
horses shot irom under him. He was as loyal to his friends as to 
his country. An extract from a letter of B. P. Simmons will 
give an insight into the loving, tender character of our hero. 
"When I was wounded at Corinth, (ieneral Ross placed me on 
his own horse, and carried me out of danger. God bless him." 
Before his nomination for Governor, Colonel John Henry 
Brown said, '"Why may not his tliousands of friends present 
his name for the position of chief magistrate of the state 
he has no nobly defended? His friends claim the right to 
mention his name. Ask the people of the frontier, ask his neigh- 
bors, ask the thirty tliousand ex-soldiers who knew his deeds, 
and see what they say. They will send up one grand shout 
for Ross." Hundreds of similar eulogies could be produced. 
Does not his name deserve a place in history with Stonewall 
Jackson, Joseph E. Johnston, Henry of Xavarre and Sir 
Pliilip Sidney? We know that it does and will bring our tribute 
of love in branches of laurel and twine them around his sacred 
memory. 

Mrs. C. A. Westbrook, 

Lorena, Texas. 



"A TEXAS HERO; 



Ah ! all the world loves a hero. 
There's never a heart so craven 
That hath not in its confines 
Some secret, obscure haven 
Where bravery is rewarded 
And there's love for a noble deed ; 
And homage for true heroes, 
Of whatever faith or creed. 

Of the bravery of the Spartans, 
All hearts thrill with the story; 
But the Southland hath its heroes 
Surpassing these in glory. 
Far away back in the thirties, 
Texas was the far West, still. 
O'er her broad extended prairies 
The wild Indian roamed at will. 

Hardly dared the pale-face venture 
In this realm of savage men, 
And the screams of frightened women 
Rent the air oft and again, 
As their homes were devastated, 
Or, perchance, some loved one slain, 
Or their little children kidnapped. 
Breaking mothers' hearts in twain. 

But the women and the children 
In those perilous days of yore. 
Found in Ross such a protector 
As they'd never known before. 
In his youth the Indian-fighter, 
Brave of heart and strong of arm, 
With his bold scouts ever ready 
At the tocsin's first alarm. 

When the Red-men became hostile 
On the war-path bent their way. 
When Ross met them with his army, 
'Twas for them a sad, sad day. 
Hardly was the Indian vanquished, 
'Till the war of civil strife 
Called Ross out again to battle. 
From his happy pastoral life. 

Here again his noble courage 
Made h:m leader among men. 
First a private ; at the war's close 
He was Major General then. 
Manner gentle as a woman. 
Heart as tender as a child. 
Hardly could you guess his courage 
Did you hear his voice so mild. 

— 273 — 



But in battle could see him, 
Bravest patriot ! beardless boy. 
You'd have thouglit some god was fighting, 
. As the\- fought of old at Troy. 

Then the threatening, war-cloud vanished. 
Leaving ruin in its train, 
And the South her broken hearth-stones, 
Must rebuild with might and main. 

General Ross, like Cincinnatus, 
Then returned unto his farm, 
But a numerous band of robbers 
Caused the country new alarm. 
Peace and safety had departed, 
Treasure, life was common loss, 
All hearts turned then for deliverance. 
To the hero, General Ross. 

Then the robber-band was routed, 
As the Indian was before. 
And in fair McLennan County 
Peace and safety dwelt once more. 
Then the Gubernatorial honors 
Called a man that place to fill. 
And the warrior as the Governor, 
Was tlic glorious hero still. 

After this a great school called him 
There to fill the executive chair. 
And his labors there for Texas, 
Did with his whole life compare. 
Then there came a time of darkness, 
9 On a still and solemn night. 

Gently as a falling snow-flake 
His great spirit took its flight. 

And there's now one duty left us, 
We who call fair Texas home — 
Rear now to his glorious mem'ry 
A great shaft of Texas stone. 
Let it tell to future children 
Of this land of sun and flowers, 
That this bravest, best of heroes. 
Lived for this grand State of ours. 

KiTTiE Er.r.T.s Him.. 
Waco, Texas, December 5, 1903. 



— 274 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1878. 
Danville, Virginia. 



VIRGINIA 




LADIES' MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
DANVILLE, VIEGINIA. 

On the fifth of June, 1872, a number of young ladies of Dan- 
ville formed an Association for the purpose of erecting a monu- 
ment to the memory of the beloved and honored Confederate 
Dead. The membership comprised about forty unmarried ladies. 
The organization was styled, The Ladies' Memorial Association 
of Danville, Virginia, and the officers were as follows : President, 
Miss Bettie Walters (afterwards Mrs. C. M. Flinn) ; Vice- 
President, Miss Nannie Wiseman ; Secretary, Miss Alice Shelton 
(now Mrs. F. J. Burton) ; Treasurer, Miss Ella Yates (now 
Mrs. A, M. Aiken). The founder of the Association was Miss 
Augusta Yates. All of the officers continue to hold the same 
offices with the exception of the beloved and faithful President, 
Mrs. C. M. Elinn, who died November 22nd, 1901. At a subse- 
quent meeting of the Association Mrs. A. M. Aiken was elected 
President and Miss Augusta Yates, Treasurer. Being organ- 
ized at a time when the whole South was groaning beneath a 
burden of financial distress and mercantile stagnation, it required 
the exercise of determination and perseverance, to raise sufficient 
money for the desired object. After five years the Association 
was in a position to give the contract for the obelisk to Mr, 
Maurice J. Soner, of New York. He furnished the bronze 
medallions of General Robert E. Lee and General Thomas J. 
Jackson ("Stonewall" Jackson), and transferred the contract 
for the granite work to Mr. M. Hayes, of Richmond, Virginia. 
It is made of Virginia granite from the quarries near Richmond, 
and the faces which bear inscriptions are polished to the smooth- 
ness of plate glass. It is erected upon an eminence in the 
Southeastern portion of Green Hill Cemetery, at the end of 
the main avenue leading from Lee street, and in full view of 
all trains on the Southern Railway. The mound upon which it 



stands is six feet high. Jts base is a solid block of granite seven 
feet square and fourteen inches high. The height of the shaft 
above the base is twenty-five feet. It weighs sixteen tons and 
cost two thousand dollars. The devices and inscriptions upon 
it are as follows: 

North face — 

(Medallion of General Robert E. Lee in bronze). 
General Robert E. Lee. 
Confederate Dead. 
Memorial Tribute. 
Of Virginia's Daugbtcrs 
To the Fallen Brave. 
Danville, Virginia. 

South face — 

(Medallion of '"Stonewall" Jackson in bronze). 

General Thomas J. Jackson. 

They Died 

as men who nobly contend for the cause of Truth and Right. 

" They softly lie and sweetly sleep." 

West face — 

Patriots. 

Know that these fell 

In the effort 

To establish just government 

and 

* Perpetuate Constitutional Liberty. 

Who thus die 

Will live in lofty example. 

East face — 

Quidquid ex his amavimus, 

Quidquid mirati sumus, 

Manet mansurumque est in 

An i mis hominum, in 

iEternitate temporem fama rerum. 

This is quoted from Tacitus (Agricola), and may be freely 
translated tlius : 

'' Whatsoever we have found to love in these men — whatsoever 
we have held in veneration — still lives in the memory of man 
and will endure through the eternal ages, in the roll of glorious 
achievements." The unveiling of the monument took place on 
Tuesday, September 3rd, 18TS. In respect to the occasion all 
the business houses in the town were closed and the principal 
streets were handsomely decorated with flags, mottoes and fes- 
toons. The occasion attracted crowds of visitors from the sur- 
rounding country, as well as from the neighboring cities and 
to\Mis in Virginia and Xorth Carolina. In addition to the 

— 276 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1882. 

Front Royal, Virginia. 



Danville military and masonic and other benevolent orders the 
procession included the military of Knights Templar of Lynch- 
burg. The Mayor and members of the common council, the 
clergy, and Judge of the Corporation Court, Captain John S. 
^Vise, who delivered the oration on the occasion, and other distin- 
guished invited guests occupied carriages at the head of the 
procession, of which Captain Harry Harding was Chief Marshal. 
Cornet bands from Lynchburg, Virginia, and Salem, North 
Carolina, supplied the music. At the monument the ceremonies 
were opened with prayer by Eeverend Alexander Martin, D. D., 
after which Colonel Thomas S. Flournoy introduced the orator 
of the day. Captain Wise, who delivered an eloquent and touching 
address. Taken altogether this was probably the grandest 
pageant ever witnessed in Danville and was highly gratifying 
to the Ladies' Memorial Association. The chief work done by 
the Association during the past several years has been the observ- 
ance of Memorial Day, when with an abmidance of flowers they 
beautify their section in Green Hill Cemetery. 

Augusta Yates. 



WARREN MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
FRONT ROYAL, VIRGINIA. 

The Warren Memorial Association of Front Royal, Warren 
Count)'^, Virginia, was organized in 1868 with an original 
membership of sixty-one ladies and is one of the oldest of our 
memorial societies. 

The locality which we represent is limited in material 
resources, but rich in memories of our great struggle for Southern 
Independence, this vicinity having been the scene of some of 
the most gallant exploits of that stirring period. 

Thus we are deeply interested in preserving the records and 
traditions pertaining to those heroes who fought and died in 
defence of their dearest principles. 

Our Association has by individual efforts raised and expended 
thousands of dollars in collecting and re-interring the remains 
of our dead soldiers — known and unknown. We have secured 
and beautified an ideal resting place for these; have caused 
marble stones, inscribed with their names, to be erected over 
the graves of those who could be identified ; while over a large 

— 277 — 



central mound where sleep one hundred and sixty unknown 
patriots, we have reared a handsome shaft in comnieiuoration 
of their unselfish heroism. 

Although our body has decreased in numbers by the death or 
removal of some of the older members it was never more devoted 
or earnest in its efforts than now. 

Aware tliat we, too, before the lapse of many years must cease 
from our labors, we are anxious that the succeeding generation 
should be stimulated to continue the pious work we have begun. 
To this end we are drawing our auxiliary committees from the 
younger members of the community, thus giving them a personal 
interest in the work, and training them in the methods required 
for its successful accomplishment. 

This is but one phase of what has been accomplished i)y our 
Association. Aside from preserving the relics and memories 
of the past, we are discharging the duties usually devolving upon 
the " Daughters of the Confederacy "' by aiding the Camp of 
Confederate Veterans located here. This Camp is a weak one, 
growing less able every year to maintain itself. We raise an 
annual amount for its benefit, helping to pay rental of a hall 
for their use where their archives may Ix^ kept, and assisting the 
poorer members to pay their fees which they could not do other- 
wise. In fact our Association might be called the "conservatory^' 
of the Veterans' Camp, and of all relating to the honor of our 
cherished " Confederacy." 

As an evidence of the confidence reposed in our Association 
by the Confederate Veterans, we wish to state that the beautiful 
monument erected here three years ago in loving memory of seven 
of " Mosby's men," who were massacred by order of General 
Custer, has been solemnly committed to our care, by the surviv- 
ing members of that command, and on every Memorial Day we 
decorate this monument with flowers and wreaths of evergreeen. 

The officers serving at present are : 

Mrs. S. M. Davis-Roy, President; Miss Lucy K. Buck, Vice- 
President; Mrs. Robert Brockett, Second Vice-President; Mrs. 
W. C. Weaver, Secretary. 

I trust that this brief record may be worthy of a place in the 
annals of our Confederation and that all our Councils shall be 
guided by Divine Wisdom. 

Mrs. S. ^[. Davis-Roy, 

rresident. 

— 27S — 




V^v, 





TO THE MEMORY OF THE V. M. I. CADETS. 

Unveiled 1903, Lexington, Virginia. 



NEW MARKET MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
LEXINGTON, VIRGINIA. 

" Sleeping, but glorious. 
Dead in Fame's portal, 
Dead, but victorious. 
Dead, but immortal." 

James Barron Hope. 

Since the glorious victory of the V. M. I. Cadets at New- 
Market, May 15th, 1864, it has been the sad pleasure of the 
women of the Virginia Military Institute to decorate the graves 
of these heroes. Only a few were doing this work so it was 
decided to form an association and give all a chance to do them 
honor. Our efforts met with success. A meeting was called 
on May 28th, 1897, at Mrs. G. D. Letcher's, at which time officers 
were elected and sixty-one members enrolled. 

Officers : Miss Margaret W. Freeland, President ; Mrs. Thomas 
Semmes, First Vice-President; Mrs. Robert Marr, Second Vice- 
President; Miss Rosa Brooke, Secretary. 

The officers of said Association asked the Board of Visitors 
to let the day be made a more notable one, which they granted, 
with directions that the following ceremonies, which are most 
beautiful and impressive, be carried out. 

That hereafter, as in the past, the 15th of May in each year 
be observed as Memorial Day. Suspension of all Academic 
duties, and in the afternoon in place of Battalion Parade, the 
cadets be marched to the Cadet Cemetery and fire three volleys 
over the graves. Ranks are then broken; the band plays, at 
which time the First Class form in column of twos and place 
flowers on the graves; then the entire Corps of Cadets and the 
Citizens of Lexington place their flowers on the graves of the 
heroic dead. Eight guns are fired in commemoration of the 
number killed, wdth Minute guns during the ceremony. 

The monument which was unveiled on June 23rd, 1903, is 
largely due to the untiring efl'orts of the ladies of the New 
Market Memorial Association, and the V. M. I. Alumni Com- 
mittee of which Mr. G. D. Letcher was Chairman; they wrote 
to all the Alumni asking aid. Among the ladies especial credit 
is due Miss Margaret W. Freeland, who unaided raised nearly 
one thousand dollars, and inspired the V. M. I. Alumni Associa- 
tion to carry the work forward. Mrs. R. A. j\Iarr threw her 
energy and enthusiasm into the movement and personally raised 
considerable funds. The Chairman of the Alumni Committee 



wrote to Sir Moses Ezckiel, the famous Sculptor, wlio was one 
of the Cadets in the battle, and he gave his time and work, which 
amounted to seven thousand dollars, in his magnificent work of 
"Virginia ^loiirning Her Dead/' which he had kv\)t in plaster 
all these years. This statue in bronze is placed on the Parade 
Ground in front of Jackson ^lemorial Hall. The Koster Eoll 
is on bronze tablets, on Avhiih are the names of those engaged in 
the battle. 

Ever}^ cadet in that Batallion which faced death in the terril)le 
charge, that Avon the victory, made A\ithout faltering or losing 
step under murderous fire, which cut down about a fourth in 
killed and wounded — every cadet in it was a hero, and in 
this design a hero's monument awaits him. 

This is perhaps the only monument in the history of the 
world's wars commemorating a victory won by a battalion of 
boys, and it is characteristic of the heroism and devotion of 
the entire South. 

" They gave us great glory, 

What more could they give? 
They left us a story, 
A story to live." 



LADIES' RELIEF HOSPITAL, 
LYXCHBURG, VIRGINIA. 

The President of this noble institution, l)orn of the war, was 
Mrs. Lucy Jlina Otey of this city, a woman of strong character 
and charming personality. Here indeed, she has left behind 
a splendid record of her usefulness and gentle deeds. Where 
in the whole South, is lier name not known and mentioned 
with reverence and love. For four years she devoted herself 
with a zeal and energy that never wavered to the care and 
comfort of our ])oor, weary, sick and wounded soldiers. Endowed 
with administrative talents at once rare and wonderful, and 
which might have reflected credit and honor upon one of the 
sterner sex, she took charge of the Hospital in its infancy 
in the year 1H('>2, and when it was but a struggling institution, 
dependent solely upon public charity, and in the face of difli- 
culties that would have appalled and discouraged one of weaker 
resolution, .che succeeded in attracting to it the special notice 
and favor of the (iovernment, and establishing for it a name 

— 280 — 




MRS. LUCY MINA OTEY, 

President Ladies' Relief Hospital, 1862, 

L\'ncliburg, Virginia. 



and fame replete with glory of noble deeds, and sweet womanly 
cliarities. Truly, a debt of gratitude was created throughout 
the Confederacy, for her unwearied and tender care of sons, 
husbands, fathers and brothers, who in the helplessness of dis- 
ease and suffering were consigned to her charge, and some of 
whom she soothed through the valley of the shadow of death, 
when there was no mother near to smooth their pillow, and no 
sister's hand to wipe the cold dew from their dying brows. 
With a courage and cheerfulness, that amounted to Spartan 
heroism, she gave up her family of sons, and her son-in-law, 
Capt. John Stewart Walker, to the active service of her beloved 
Southland. Full of patriotism, fortitude and courage, she 
bade each of them, "Fight first, last and all the time for the 
glorious flag of your Country, never surrender, but in death or 
victory." 

With noble fortitude and endurance, she continued her labors 
at the Hospital until Southern arms were at last laid down 
and Southern hands folded before the conqueror. When the 
struggle ended, only four remained of the seven gallant sons 
she had given to her country's service — three noble lives were 
sacrificed on the altar of duty — yet she was never heard to 
utter a murmur, her Christian courage was equal to her patrio- 
tism. In her church she was conspicuous for the zeal and 
energy with which she nursed every scheme, having for its 
object the advancement and welfare of the Zion she loved. 
Prominent in all benevolent enterprises and social reforms, she 
left a name eminently associated with whatever pertained to 
the good of her race, to Temperance, Patriotism and Charity. 
M-rs. Lucy jMina Otey was the widow of Captain John M. 
Otev. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION. 

Soon after the war, the Ladies of Lynchburg, organized a 
Memorial Association; the object dear to the hearts of every 
Southern woman, was the care of the graves of the Confederate 
Soldiers, who died here, or who were brought from distant bat- 
tlefields. Mrs. Lucy Mina Otey conceived the noble purpose 
of securing an appropriate place, and setting it apart for the last 
resting place of Soldiers of the Confederate Army. A hand- 
some monument was erected in the early seventies by the ladies 

— 281 — 



interested in this movment, mauy of whom have loug since past 
to their reward. This monument stands in the center of the 
soldiers' section, marliing the graves of the fallen heroes, from 
Maryland and Missouri, to Texas and Florida. Three 
thousand soldiers sleep here, and the Memorial Association, of 
wliich Mrs. Kirkwood Otey is President, and Mrs. John H, 
Lewis, Secretary and Treasurer, will have head stones placed 
over many of these before the annual Memorial Day. We trust 
that the States will take up this work, as assistance should 
be rendered now, as we fear the lessening of interest in the 
hearts and minds of those who were not participants. We com- 
mend this thought to the Legislators of the different States, that 
they may have an interest in this work, and the Memorial 
Association would soon be enabled to complete this noble work, 
of preserving and protecting the graves of men, from very South- 
ern State. 



LADIES' MEMOEL^^L ASSOCIATION, 
MANASSAS, YIKCtIXIA. 

The ''Ladies' Memorial Association"' of Manassas was organ- 
ized/May 25th, 1867, with Mrs. Sara Fewell, President; Mrs. 
Hannah Lindsley, Eecording Secretary; ]\Irs. B. D. Merchant, 
Corresponding Secretary; Miss Sallie Jolinson, Treasurer; and 
Miss Mollie Weedon, Sub-Treasurer. Articles of a constitution, 
were drawn up and adopted. The object of the society being 
to care for the Confederate Dead and to instruct children as to 
the sacred duty of remembering and caring for the graves of 
the loved and lost — of the land we love; and the duty of each 
officer, or any one who might hereafter become a member, should 
be, to urge others to become members. Miss Mary Lipscomb, 
paid the first dollar to the Association, making her an Annual 
]\romber. The first of July following, the pupils of "Clover 
Hill School." taught by Mrs. H. Lindsley, gave an entertain- 
ment, and turned $30.00 into the Treasury, and by the united 
voice of the officers, the scholars were made "Life ilembers.'' 
The following is a list of tlieir names: Annie M. Johnson, 
Howison Hooe, Eliza A. Corbett, Virginia Merchant, ^laggie 
Foley, George W. Weedon, Joseph B. Johnson, Isabella Corbett, 
Sallie Cannon, Willie ^Merchant, Mary Foley, Fannie Fewell, 
^lartha Warren. Jolin Fitsgerald, Pebecca ^Maukin, :Michael 

— 282 — 




MRS. KIRKWOOD OTEY, 

President Ladies" Memorial Association, 
Lynchburg, Virginia. 



Fitsgerald, Charles E. Brawner, and Ernest Lindsley. The 
same month there were added to our number as Life Members : 
Mrs. Emily E. Johnson, Mrs. Jane Merchant, Miss Josephine 
S. T. Cockrell, Mrs. Elmina Cockrell, Mrs. B. D. Merchant, and 
Judge Charles E. Sinclair. At this time, the late W. S. Fewell, 
Esq., donated to the Association, one acre of land to be used as 
a "Confederate Cemetery.^' The "Constitution" of the organiza- 
tion, calling for an "Advisory Board," the following gentlemen 
were elected: W. S. Fewell, Dr. Carter Berkley, Lewis Butler. 
F. A. Weedon, J. J. Cockrell and William C. Merchant. At the 
first regular meeting a letter of thanks was received by the Asso- 
ciation from (Ircneral Robert E. Lee for conferring upon him an 
" Honorary Membership." This letter is treasured among the 
archives of the Association. 

May 25th, 1868, Mr. J. J. Cockrell was made " General 
Superintendent of the Cemetery and Memorial Affairs," and 
under his supervision during the following year, the ground 
was plowed and harrowed and graded with two wide avenues, 
crossing each other in thic center, dividing the acre into four 
s(juares, with two wide gateways, surmounted with arches, with 
tlie inscriptions, " Confederate Cemetery," painted in large, 
shaded letters. The lot was inclosed with a paling or picket 
fence, painted white and tipped with Ijlack ; there were two 
hundred and fifty bodies removed and re-interred there; the re- 
mains of soldiers who had died in camp, hospitals or adjacent 
farmhouses, during the fall of '61 and the winter of '62. No 
remains were lirought here from the battle-field, they were cared 
for by the Groveton Association of Prince William C*ounty. Mr. 
J. J. Cockrell tendered to the Board of Officers his resignation 
April 16th, 1869, and Mr. C. H. A. Weedon was appointed in his 
stead. 

During the summer of this year the young ladies and gentle- 
men of Manassas and vicinity formed a Dramatic Club, known 
as the " Memorial Aid Society," their object being to raise funds 
to help the "Memorial Association" in their laborious under- 
taking; and after a series of entertainments given in Manassas, 
Dumfries and Occoquan, they turned over to the Treasurer of 
the Association sixty-three dollars and thirty-five cents 
($63.35). The members of this "Aid Society" who were not 
connected with the Association as " Life Members," were : Dr. 
J. W. Hornbaker, Robert Waters, W. H. Wigginton, J. E. 



— 283 — 



Biawnor, George \V. Johnson, Hiss Annie Weir, ]\Iiss Cattie 
Hickerson, Bertie Weir, Lizzie Weir and ]\Iary Weir. By the 
unanimous vote of the Association, these were made " Life 
Members." Under the supervision of Superintendent C. H. A. 
Weedon, the lieadboards for marking the graves were set, painted 
white with name and regiment in bhick letters, wherever they 
could be ascertained. When a stone was found with a letter or 
inscription, the stone was moved and reset in place of a new 
l\eadboard. Over one-half were marked " Unknown." 

A large circular moimd was built in the center of the lot 
where the avenues were intersected with three terraces on which 
to ])lant flowers, a border three feet wide, and a walkway were 
made around tlie entire cemetery, next to the fence; the border 
V, as also intended for flowers, and llie ladies of the Association 
I'lanted many there. Among the donations of shade trees tliat 
were planted were six white pines by Mr. ^Moses liixon, a gray- 
b.aired father, who had lost a son in battle. He brought them in 
his arms and })lanted them \vit1i his own hands; to-day there is 
only one standing uninjured. 

The Cemetery up to this time had cost $626.16. Money raised 
by entertainments, life-member fees, donations, and one dinner 
given by a number of gentlemen on July 21st, 1868. As an or- 
ganization or society, the ladies of ]\Ianassas have had a great 
deal to contend witli; their homes and the surrounding country 
left a barren waste by the devastating hand of war — nothing but 
blackened chimneys marked the site of once happy homes. The 
necessity of re-building was a heavy burden on the impover- 
ished people, yet under many difliculties they never ceased in 
their efforts to perpetuate the memory of those who had " passed 
over the river '' and were resting under the shade of the trees. 

In 1873 a bill passed the General Assembly of Virginia (in- 
troduced by George C. Bound, of Prince William County), and 
called "House Bill 94," that "Hannah L. Johnson, Harriet 
flixon, Sallie E. Johnstm, Josie S. T. Brawner, ]\Iollie H. Weedon 
v.ui\ the life members associated with them, are hereby incorpor- 
f.ted under the nanu- ami style of Ladies' "Mcinoi-ial Associa- 
tion of Manassas, and shall be invested with ]HT])etual succession 
and in all respects shall l)e invested with rights ami ])rivilcges 
conferred and subject to the restrictions and regulations ])rc- 
scribed for corporations in the Code of Virginia. The said 
A--ociation >1im11 Iimvc j)o\v('r to receive donations, and to hold 

— 284 — 



any land, heretofore or hereafter conveyed to them, for the pur- 
pose of maintaining a cemetery for the Confederate Dead, with 
pcwer to remove, hnry and properly care for the same, and witii 
power to dispose of any land conveyed to tliem not necessary 
for the purpose aforenamed, and to appropriate the proceeds 
thereof, to effect the objects of tlie Association as lierein be- 
fore named." 

During the year of 1874, the officers of the Association found 
that tlieir l)eautiful fence and arches were beginning to decay — 
that the palings in several places along the railroad had to be 
replaced. In April of this year the Association was approached 
with a proposition from the Town Council of ilanassas for the 
control of the vacant ground, or, in other words, the whole 
Cemetery, to direct how it should be beautified and fenced, as 
they proposed to purchase the land lying between the ]\Iemorial 
Cemetery and the County road for a Citizens' Cemetery, if the 
Association would give iip to them the control of the Confed- 
erate Cemetery, as they wished to beautify them alike. A meet- 
ing was called as " per request," but the proposition was unani- 
mously rejected. The Spring of 187G found the Cemetery in- 
closure in a dilapidated condition, the whole line of fence along 
the railroad was gone. Acting with tlie advice of the Chair- 
man of the Advisory Board (Mr. William S. Fewell) the Asso- 
ciation sold two family lots to citizens and replaced the palings 
with a " White Oak " plank fence. 

May 25th, 1879, found the Cemetery without any enclosure — 
palings and planks all gone, and the Association seeing the ne- 
cessity of something more substantial than wood, appointed a 
committee to solicit subscriptions in different sections of the 
State and elsewhere, to enclose it with a stone wall or iron fence ; 
it was thouglit that a wall would cost less, as suitable stone could 
be obtained from the Brown Stone Quarries near by. 

May 25th, 1882, the Constitution was amended, and Article 
III. made to read "Application for membership shall be sub-, 
mitted in writing," and many new Life Memljers were added to 
the organization. The following is a list : 

Mrs. C. H. Whittington, Hon. E. E. Meredith, Mrs. W. E. 
Lipscomb, Mrs. J. Wilkins, Mrs. Maggie Barber, R. W. Mer- 
chant, J. B. Tliornton, Inez White, B. B. Merchant, William C. 
Merchant, J. J. Cockrell, Mrs. T. S. Eead, J. R. Tillet, Dr. C. 
C. Barbour, J. C. Weems, Mrs. J. C. Weems, Charles H. Whit- 
tington, L. A. Larkin, H. N". Brawner. L. Butler, William C. 

— 285 — 



Fewell, \V. 11. Francis, Judge W. E. Lipscomb, J. J. Davis, 
Augusta A. llornbaker, F. M. Houcheiis, C. L. Hynson, G. 
G. Galleher, Ella Brodcrs, H. F. Lynn, W. W. Thornton, F. A. 
Weedon. 

In 1.S83 the stone wall was commenced and nearly completed 

when the work was stopped for want of funds. 

At a special meeting of the Association, March 2nd, 1887, 
it was resolved that instead of completing the wall that was be- 
gun, all the bodies now in the cemetery and as many more as 
may be found, shall be put in one place and a monument bo 
erected over them, and a sul»stantial iron fence put around it." 

Early in the year of 1888 a monument of Brown stone was 
commenced, the corner-stone of which was laid witli Masonic 
ceremonies. 

In June of this year the Association received an apropriation 
from the Legislature of Virginia of $1,000.00. At a meeting 
of the Association, May 22nd, 1891), it was " resolved that the 
third Article of the Constitution be so amended that persons 
could become life members by the payment of one dollar," and 
tliat the Daughters of the Confederacy should become members 
to the number of fifteen, the said Daughters having expended 
the sum of $15.00 on the Cemetery grounds; the following mem- 
bers of the Daughters of the Confederacy were received as life 
members, on payment of one dollar. 

Mrs. Jennie Wolfe, Mrs. Lucy Arrington, Miss Maud Johnson, 
Miss Selina Wolfe, ]\Irs. J. B. Johnson, Miss Thedo Waters, Miss 
Florence Kinchelo, Mrs. Sylvia Meredith, ^liss Lizzie Larkin, 
Miss Lillie Hixon, Misses Clara and Ik^rtie Lam, Miss Effie 
Nelson, Miss Florence Herrell, Mrs. Contee Meredith, ^Nlrs. 
Susan Hutchinson. 

During the year 1889, our efforts were crowned with success, 
the monument to the Confederate Dead was unveiled on August 
iUst, 1889. The orators on that memorable occasion were Gen. 
W. Henry Fitz Lee (the son of our immortal Robert E. Lee), 
and Major John Daniel, of Lynchburg, Virginia, at present 
representing liis district in the United States Senate. These 
distinguished Veterans, with (ienerals I'aynf, Scott, Blackwell 
and others, added much to the impressive ctTcmony by their 
presence, and stirring, patriotic addresses. 

For the last two years, 1902 and 190;{, the Association has 
received an appro])riation from the State of fifty dollars each 
year to be expeiuled in caring for the Cemetery. The first 

— 286 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1889. 
Manassas, Virginia. 



thing to be considered was to enclose the two sides opening into 
the Citizens' Cemetery so as to prevent the grounds from being 
driven over and used as a "Parking Phice" for vehicles, in time 
of funerals, so now we have an artistic iron post fence, the posts 
eight feet apart and connected with one rail of iron piping, and 
adds much to the looks of the place, the other two sides — one 
lying along the railroad and Western side, arc enclosed with a 
woven wire fence, but the Association hopes sometime in the 
near future to be able to put a substantial iron fence in lieu of 
the wire. The monument is built of brown building stone with 
four marble tablets — only one half of the ground is occupied, 
and the monument is built on one half of that ; at a recent meet- 
ing it was agreed that one half of the other half, making one- 
fourth of an acre — be set apart and reserved for the resting 
place of any ex-Confederate soldier who might wish to be buried 
there. The Association hopes by some means to raise funds to 
place a bronze figure of a soldier "at rest" on his arms on the 
apex of the monument. 

Each returning spring they, together with the Ewell Camp of 
Confederate Veterans and Daughters of the Confederacy, repair 
to the cemetery and strew the graves with flowers. The Daugh- 
ters of the Confederacy have erected a "Eustic Speakers' Stand ' 
near the monument, and they try to have some gifted orator 
each Memorial Day to remind the aged and show forth to the 
young what the occupants of these honored graves laid down 
their lives for. 

The following is a list of names who have been officers of the 

Ladies' Memorial Associatiox of Manassas. 

Presidents. — Mrs. Sarah Fewell, Mrs. Hannah L. Johnson, 
Mrs. Theresa Eead, Mrs. J. C. Weems, Mrs. C. C. Barber, Mrs. 
B. D. Merchant, Miss Lizzie Larkin, Mrs. Thurston Wolfe, 
Mrs. William E. Lipscomb. 

Vice-Presidents. — Mrs. B. D. Merchant, Mrs. Harriet Hixon, 
Mrs. Hannah L. Johnson, Mrs. W. E. Lipscomb, Miss Sallie E. 
Johnson, Mrs. J. C. Weems, Mrs. Maggie Barbour, Miss Florence 
Kinchelo, Mrs. C. C. Barber, Miss Lizzie Larkin. 

Recording Secretaries. — Hannah L. Lindsley, Sallie E. John- 
son, J. S. T. Brawner, Mrs. J. C. Weems, Mrs. L. A. Larkin, 
Maud M. Johnson. 

Corresponding Secretaries. — Mrs. B. D. Merchant, Sallie E. 
Johnson, Maggie Foley, Mrs. C. C. Barbour, Mrs. C. E. 
Brawner, Miss Lillie Hixon, Mrs. T. Wolfe. 

— 287 — 



Treasurers. — Sallie E. Johnson, ^f. U. Weodon, C. E. 
Brawner, H. Ilixon, ^Irs. 8. Hutchinson, G. W. Jolmson. 

OlTicers for the presoat year are: Mrs, W. E. Lipscomb, 
President; Miss Flora Kineholoe, Vice-President; Mrs, W. 
Hutchinson, Treasurer; ]\riss ]\Iaud Johnson, Eocording Secre- 
tary; Mrs, Jennie Ashby Wolfe, Corresponding Secretary; ]\Irs. 
George Johnson, Historian. 



LADIES' MEMOIHAL ASSOCLVTIOX, 
PETERSBURG, VIRGINIA, 

The Ladies' Memorial Asociation of Petersburg, Virginia, was 
organized IVIay Gth, 18G6. The women of Petersburg, in a 
measure recovering from the sorrows of a war, to which they gave 
their all, on this date met together to devise means to perpetuate 
their gratitude and admiration for tliose who died defending 
homes and loved ones. 

The Association was organized and the following officers 
were elected: President, Mrs. \Vm. T. Joynes; Six Vice-Presi- 
dents ; Recording Secretarv. Mrs. Stephen Fenn ; Corresponding 
Secretary, Mrs, John Wyche; Treasurer, ]\rrs. A, M. Keiley. 

After election of officers the following was resolved: 

First. That any lady might become a member by paying 50 
^ents a month. Honorary member of either sex, without the 
right to vote, on payment of $10.00. 

. Second. That we invite the co-operation of friends in the 
country and elsewhere, suggesting that they form similar socie- 
ties. 

Third. That our efforts shall not be confined to the dead Df our 
city alone; but infornuition will be sought and aid extended 
whenever necessary to do iilvc honor to all the noble martyi-s to 
this cause, who are buried around us. 

Fourth. That a committer be ai)point('d to visit every burial 
spot within our reach to mark more distinctly the names which 
are rapidly being obliterated. 

These committees were ajjpointed and acted on this resolu- 
tion. At a meeting held May 30tii, was discussed the proper 
celebration of the 0th of .Tune, the anniversary of th(> nob^e 
defence of our city by the Reserves, many of wliom fell on that 
day. By a unanimous vote it was decided to make this, the 
Mill of June, a peruu\nent Memorial l^ay. 

— 2S8 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled i8qo. 
Petersburg. Virginia. 



At a meeting ou the 6th of June, a resolution was adopted as 
follows : 

Resolved, That we will collect the bones of our brave soldiers, 
now bleaching before Fort Steadman, and, as a part of the Memo- 
rial Day service, inter them within the enclosure of " Old Bland- 
ford Church Cemetery,'' with all that honor and love due from 
us to those heroes, who helped to defend our homes. 

Captain Pegram made an address and Eeverend J. C. Gran.- 
berry offered the prayer.. 

The following ladies were chosen to direct the four divisions 
of the Association so that not one grave should be neglected : 
Mrs. W. S. Simpson, Jr., Mrs. E. G. Pegram, Mrs. David 
Callendar and Mrs. David Dugger. 

These graves were scattered all around the city. 

At a meeting in the following October it was resolved to ask 
the Common Council of our city to appropriate, free of charge 
to the Association, as much ground in "Old Blandford Cemetery" 
as might be necessary in which to bury the dead scattered around 
our city; thus gathering in one spot our beloved dead that they 
might in the future be cared for by this Association. This 
petition when presented was granted, and under the shade of the 
trees of this hallowed spot sleep 25,000 heroes. 

After the labor of gathering from field and forest these 
remains, the next work of the Association was the erection of 
an Arch at the entrance of the grounds, on the front of which 
is inscribed " Our Confederate Dead," and on the opposite side : 
" Waiting the Eeveille." Several years after a granite shaft was 
completed and dedicated to the Confederate Dead. 

This monument, which was unveiled ou June 9th, 1890, was 
reared by the efforts of devoted women, and speaks most 
eloquently to all the South, that the ashes of its sons resting 
within the shadow of this battle-crowTicd city, are ever guarded 
by tender hearts. 

The monmnent stands admirably located on Memorial Hill 
facing northward, in the bosom of whose grassy slopes sleep 
the heroes whose memory it honors. Looking to the southeast 
in full view, is Eeve's farm, where, in June, '61, grey-b. aired 
sires and chivalric youths of our city heroically yielded life for 
altars and homes. Half a mile nearer in the same direction is 
" the Crater," the field of combat that gave additional lustre to 
the fame of Petersburg's defence, while a few hundred yards 

— 289 — 



away, almost in a direot line with its cast face, yet remain tlie 
ruins of Fort Steadman, the scene of Lee's last and splendid 
effort to relieve onr hcleagured city. 

The site itself was often swept by shot and shell, and it was 
also the objective point of assaulting Federal columns on the 
morning of June 30th, 18(54. The monument, foundation and 
super-structure is of Virginia granite, taken from the Asylum 
quarry near this city. The monument, square in form, is in 
seven sections above the ground. A heavy base and two sub- 
bases, graduating in size and aggregating five feet in height; a 
die with projecting cap six feet; a shaft with beveled edges 
twelve and a half feet, and cap-stone one foot, making the total 
height of the ^Memorial column about twenty-live feet. 

On the four faces of the die are polished tablets bearing in- 
scriptions, and on the north side of the front of the monument, 
the second base bears in large capital letters in relief, " Con- 
federate Dead.'' On the third or upper base is inscribed the 
couplet : 

"Plant the fair cohimii o'er tlie vacant grave; 
A hero's honor let a hero have." 

On this face of the die is emhhizoned the coat of arms of 
Virginia, above on the die projection, " 18G1-'G5," and the cap- 
stone bears the legend " Gloria Victis." 

The Soutliern tablet has the names of the States composing tlie 
Confederacy and on the base under it : " Erected by the Peters- 
burg Ladies' Memorial Association." A beautiful shield in- 
scribed, " The Crater, July 30th, 18G4," adorns the east front. 
The west face, next the city, has the names, of the patriots who 
fell on the 9th of June, 1864. The statue of the soldier is of 
bronze, tlie figure of a Confederate soldier, six feet high, '" ac- 
countred as a private of infantry, a full cartridge l)ox, lightly 
filled haversack, rolled blanket, canteen and old slouch hat " 
that in the days gone by waved the measure of the yell of "Johnny 
Ik'b." — the fiercest war-cry that ever smote a foeman's ear. 

A handsome granite curbing encloses the grassy area in the 
center of which the monument stands. The cost of the wliole 
apjiroximates $4,000. 

The officers of this association arr: President, Mrs. II. \'an L. 
Bird; Vice-President, Mrs. David Callendar; Corresponding 
Secretary, Mrs. Pichard Gill; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Shelton 

— 290 — 






^~ E 




J|^ 




<L) (L) <D 




— P -C 












)red 
mad 
witl 








J-- T-I -M 


■x 


(/) ^ (/) 

^ ^ I-* 


u 




Qi 


=.«^ 


3 




vv be 
irgin 
es w 


Q 




2i 


^ btlJZ 


o 




a. 


H- -yi 2 


Q 


Z 


qj -^^ ^^ 


< 




-J 


u^ c 


QQ 


^ou 


Q 


^'~g o 


_j 


•j.^ o 


o 


^^S; 




^ 10 a, 






^^'£. 






o 




^"raS aj 




c'^_ 3 




nj O <u (fl 




se^^ 




2St.S 








Ciueves; Treasurer, Mrs. T. I. Gills, Jr.; Treasurer Blandford 
Memorial fund, Mrs. C. E. Kirkham. 

This Association numbers sixty-five members, and has, with 
unfaltering devotion, despite the poverty that came with the 
close of the war, and the cruel period of reconstruction, year by 
year made its pilgrimage to these sacred graves, decorated the 
sod with beautiful flowers of spring, and by religious ceremonies 
and fervid oratory endeavored to keep alive unto their children 
and children's children the holy recollections of the Confederate 
Cause. It has done, in the language of Scripture, " what it 
could," and the soldiers' section of Blandford Cemetery for 
thirty-six years has received at the hands of the Association the 
tender care which is always due to the brave at the hands of the 
fair. 

The last work of the Association conceived at the beginning 
of this 20th Century is the making of a Mortuary Memorial 
Chapel of "Old Blandford Church." 

The Association has restored to its original plan this old 
structure, which will be for every Southern State a non-sectarian 
mortuary memorial chapel, carrying down to ages yet to come 
the story of a nation's birth and early death. This work has 
been done by the members of the Association, the Veterans of 
Petersburg, and their sons and daughters; but around this spot 
lie thousands of the heroes of every one of the Confederate 
States, from Maryland to the Lone Star of Texas, and, know- 
ing of the love that our sons and daughters bear to our dead 
heroes, this memorial w'ould not be complete without their sym- 
pathy and co-operation, and therefore, it is asked that each State 
place a memorial wdndow iu this church. Virginia and Missouri 
have each contributed a window, and the Washington Artillery 
of New Orleans, Louisiana, also has contributed a window, dedi- 
cated to the "Members of the Washington Artillery, wlio gave 
their lives for the Confederate Cause." This window will have for 
its central decoration, the great Apostle St. Paul, surmounted 
by the badge of the Washington Artillery, with its motto : " Try 
Us," substituted for the usual Seal of State. 

We ask the endorsement of the Camps of Confederate Veterans 
and their recommendation to the Memorial Associations, Sons 
and Daughters of the Confederacy, and kindred organizations of 
this Southern land, that each remaining State contribute a 
memorial window to be placed in this old church to commemorate 
the mighty deeds wrought in their behalf. 

— 291 — 



Here, wliere the great stniggle Avas fought to its close; where 
thousands of our soldiers fell and are buried; let this old church, 
rejuvenated and re-adorned, stand a silent sentinel over these 
countless graves, and when the sons and the daughters of the 
Confederacy, from whatever State they may come, wend their 
steps toward this shrine and view their handiwork, a melancholy 
pride will fill their hearts for duty well performed to those who 
fought for constitutional liberty and law. 

In holding our last annual memorial service, on the ninth 
of June, we were gratified to note the fact, one most creditable, 
not only to the people of our city, but to the whole of our dear 
Southland, that thirty-seven years after the first struggle for 
Southern independence, popular interest in the annual Confeder- 
ate ^Memorial Day celebration, so far from diminishing, is 
steadily increasing. The younger generation, proud of their 
heritage, have taken up the work begun by their parents, of keep- 
ing green tlie graves of the Confederate Dead. 



LADIES' MEMORIAL AID ASSOCIATION", 
« PORTSMOUTH, VIRGINIA. 

Probably the first organization for nursing the Confederate 
soldiers originated in Portsmouth, Virginia, in the spring of 
186L Soon after the arrival of the Southern troops the numer- 
ous camps around the city were attacked with various diseases. 
The accounts of the sad condition of these brave men who had 
sacrificed so much in our behalf, aroused the women of Ports- 
mouth to make an effort to ameliorate their condition. A meet- 
ing of the most prominent ladies of the community resulted 
in the formation of a society to nurse the sick Confederate 
soldiers from the Southern States. The following is a verbatim 
copy of the circular sent out to solicit aid from our citizens : 

'" The Sisters of Mercy." 

" The ladies of Portsmouth, desirous to do all that they can 
to ameliorate the condition of the sick strangers who have so 
nobly left their homes and come to the defence of Virginia, 
have formed themselves into a society called ' The Sisters of 
Mercy.' They will nurse the sick either at the hospital or at any 
other place in the city, to which they may be conveyed; will 

— 292 — 




MRS. ELIZA BILISOLY, 
Portsmouth, Virginia. 



prepare noiirislinicut, and do all in their power to proinolc the 
coinfort and health of their patients. 

" Maiiagers-Mrs. W. II. Wilson, Mrs. A. L. Bilisoly Mr. 
Fanny Tomes, Mrs. J. C. White, Mrs. Mary A. Tatem, Mrs 
Abbie Iv. Staples, Mrs. Elizabeth Boiirdette, Mrs. M W Armis- 
tead, Mrs. W. C. Smith, Mrs. Tinner, Mrs. C. A. Grice, Mrs E 
Coybell, Mrs. Bettic Parrish and Mrs. H. C. Orr." 

This appeal met with a generous response from all classes of 
society, and the ladies went to work with skill, enorcry and 
devotion to make the affair a success. Many of the sick Soldiers 
were boarding at the Ocean House, and the first few weeks after 
the society was organized the ladies devoted their time to nurs- 
ing these men. They were unfortunate in this attempt, and after 
losing two patients they determined to open a house exclusively 
under their own control, which should comliine the comforts of 
a home with the care and attention of a well-kept hospital In 
accordance with this plan, they made efforts to secure a suitable 
building and arranged matters to place the society on a workin- 
basis. The American House, a large unfurnished building 
formerly used as a hotel, was placed at their disposal, and with 
busy hands and warm hearts the ladies went rapidly to work 

All the essentials necessary to a comfortable home were soon 
collected. The officers of the Georgia regiments gave substan- 
tial aid by detaching men to assist in the heavier work of nursing 
On the 8th of June, 1861, "The Hospital of the Sisters of 
Mercy ' was ready for the first installment of sick Confederate. 

Ihe work was arranged systematically, and it has often been 
said, that at no time during the war, was more devoted work 
carried out more quietly and unostentatiously. To each day 
ot the week two managers were appointed, whose duty it was to 
provide the meals for that day, see that the sick were well 
attended, visit patients, give such care as they needed, superin- 
tend he servants, provide tempting dishes for those whose 
appetites could not take the usual nourishment, in fact, from 
early morn until 9 p. m., become house mothers to that suffering 
band so far away from their homes and loved ones. The town was 
divided into districts, and to each manager certain streets were 
a^ssigned and from contributors on those streets the meals for 
that day were furnished. In this manner most of the meals 
were provided by the housekeepers ready cooked. Several ladies 
•ending breakfast, many more dinner and others supper The 



— 293 — 



merchants sent unoooktHi provisions, the Coiuniissary furnished 
the siek with rations. 'J'hose of our hidies whose circumstances 
did not allow them to contribute, were glad to help the cavu^e 
by cooking the provisions thus provided. In tins manner a 
large amount of well-cooked nourishment was always ready. 
Such breakfasts, such dinners, such sujjpers as found their way 
to tiiat American House, could only be found in Southern hotues 
in ante-bellum times. Each contributor seemed to vie with the 
others as to who should send most and best, 'fhose were the 
early days of the Confederacy. Hope sat at every hearth-stone, 
smiling faces and bright eyes talked of war, but knew it not. 
The days of fat bacon, black-eyed peas and rye coffee were yet 
in the dim future ; but when the darkness came, the same hearts 
and hands were found just as earnest, just as faithful, just as 
devoted, and to none in history can a higher place be given than 
to the women of the South. From the Sth of June, 18(!1, 
when the first sick soldier was admitted, until the evacuation of 
Portsmouth in May, 18Ci2, the hospital was successfully carried 
on. The number of patients received was large and the death 
rate remarkaldy small; the list before me containing the names 
of one hundu'd and forty-nine admissions up to August 1st. 
ISni. In March, 1S62, the ladies were requested by Dr. Black- 
noil to transfer their labors to the U. S. Naval Hospital at that 
time being used by the Confederate authorities as a Govern- 
ment Hospital. After some debate and hesitation, the Society 
decided to agree to his request. The American House was given 
up and the organization bestowed its attention on the sick at 
this hospital. When the evacuation of Portsmouth occurred 
six wounded soldiers were left to the care of these ladies, who 
removed them to private houses and nursed them until their 
recovery. 

During the dark <lays of Federal occupancy the needy wives 
and children of our absent soldiers were supplied with fi^od and 
other necessities from the scanty stores of this brave and -devoted 
band. After the surrender, the society found its " occupation 
gone," but its spirit siill lived. On the I'^th of June. 1S66, 
those faithful women met together and organized " The Ladies' 
Memorial Aid Association of Portsmouth, Virginia," whose 
object was to care for and decorate the graves of the Confederate 
soldiers in the three cemeteries nonv this city; to erect a suitable 
monument to their memory, and sjieeially (o aid the indigent 

— 294 — 



widows and orphans, of those who had given their lives in defence 
of the South. Those enrolled were: President, Mrs. J. A. Bili- 
soly; Vice-Presidents, Mrs. James C. White, Mrs. E. Cdybell; 
Secretary, Mrs. Wm. H. Wilson; Recording Secretary, Miss Ida 
Cocke. 

Managers: i\Irs. James W. Cooke, Mrs Mary A. Tatem, 
Mrs, Charles Jenkins, Mrs. Lemuel Cleaves, Mrs. W. L. Reed, 
Mrs. Caroline Sherwood, Mrs. A. L. Bilisoly, Mrs. Miles 
Minter, Mrs. Ablne K. Staples, Mrs. Caroline Moore, Mrs. Moss 
Armistead, Mrs. Virginia Edwards, Miss Emma Hodges, Miss 
Mary Bennett, Miss Nannie Murdaugh. In addition to these 
Managers (or as they would now be called Executive Committee), 
there was a large list of contributors and quite a number who 
became life members. The Association has had under its care 
thirty-two widows (whose needs have always been carefully 
supplied), and over sixty-five orphans whom it has educated as 
well as fed and clothed, until they were able to provide for 
themselves. In fact is is impossible to give even a faint outline 
of its labor of love, during these forty-two years of ceaseless 
activity. In all this time there has never been an interruption 
either in its organization or its systematic benevolence and 
nobly is it still fulfilling its mission. From June 12th, 1866, 
when " The Ladies' Memorial Aid Association " was organized, 
xintil May 24th, 1895, each year the public has beheld only one 
phase of its work, the well-known demonstration, Portsmouth 
Memorial Day being originated, sustained and exclusively man- 
aged by this Association until the organization of Stonewall 
Camp, Confederate Veterans, since which time this work has 
been shared between them. 

The Ladies' Memorial Aid Association was the only organi- 
zation in the town engaged in patriotic work until the 8th of 
May, 1875, when a number of gentlemen of the City of Ports- 
mouth and County of Norfolk met together and formed The 
Portsmouth and Norfolk County ]\Ionument Association, an 
association as expressed in their organization to perpetuate the 
memory and the deeds of the gallant men who fell while battling 
for " Virginia's rights." 

With energies as alert as usual the Ladies' Memorial Aid 
Association worked heartily in this cause in every way possible 
assisting the Monument Association to raise means for the 
monument and also appropriating in addition quite a large sum 
from the society's funds. 

— 295 — 



December 14th, 18T(5, the corner-stone of our Confederate 
monument was laid at the intersection of the two most prominent 
streets in the city. 

From the speech made at tlie laying of the corner-stone this 
extract fully shows how the work done by the Ladies' Memorial 
Aid Association was acknowledged : 

" For if we of the sterner sex prove recTeant to our trust, the 
women, the fair women of our Southern land, who have already 
taken upon themselves the task of aiding in the work, will 
accomplish that which shoiild be our privilege and the pride of 
every citizen of Virginia." 

We were a poor people still in 187G, but no means were left 
untried to realize our cherished scheme, and at last, on June 
15th, 1881, the cap stone was raised and the fair hands which 
had worked so nobly to contribute this beautiful tribute in 
memory of our dead assisted in placing it in position. 

As the years roll by the Ladies' Memorial Aid Association 
each year lovingly and reverently decorate with choicest blossoms, 
this the proud memorial to our Confederate Dead, and which 
is also a testimonial to the faithful labors of those who lived 
through and bore the storm and stress of the battle day, men 
and women alike, veterans of the Confederacy. 

Until the organization of Stonewall Camp Confederate 
Veterans in 1888, the Association ministered to the wants of 
destitute and sick soldiers and buried many of those who died. 
The City Council in 1870 presented to the Association a lot in the 
City Cemetery for this purpose. Some years after the organization 
of the Camp a committee of the Association was appointed in 
response to a request from the Camp to act as almoners of their 
bounty. This help to' the long work done by the Association was 
much appreciated and is still carried on whenever occasion 
requires. 

All save two of the original members have passed away, but 
the younger ones joined the Association and are faithfully carry- 
ing on the work. The present managers are: President, Mrs. 
Olivia J. Hatton; Vice-Presidents, ^Irs. Mary iloore and Mrs. 
J. Phillips; Treasurer, Miss Julia Brooks; Secretary, Miss Mary 
A. Bingley; Historian, Miss V. S. Staples. Members: Mrs. 0. 
V. Smith, Mrs. K. McAlpine, Mrs. Yates ]\rcAlpino Wilson, 
Mrs. A. P. Grice, Mrs. Sarah Manning, ^[rs. Edgar Xash, Mrs. 
Win. Stewart, :Mrs. K. A. Jack, Miss L. Jack, Miss F. Cuthriel, 
Miss Annie Emmerson. 

— 296 — 



There is also a Junior Association composed of young ladies^ 
daughters of Confederate Veterans. The Junior Memorial 
Aid Association was organized on the 9th of May, 1875, under 
the supervision of a committee from the older association. They 
are active and in every way are ready to assist the older organi- 
zation especially on Memorial Day. 

The following is a list of the officers and members of the 
Junior Association : 

President, Miss Janey Peters; Vice-President, Miss Clara 
Ashton; Treasurer, Miss Fanny Langhorne; Secretary, Miss 
Carrie Barlow. Members: Marie Hume, Jennie Watts, Fanny 
Slater, Eetta Beatton, Winifred Watts, Pauline Bilisoly, Katy 
Bilisoly, Eliza Benson Bilisoly, Lulie Hudgins, Lucrece Schroe- 
der, Essie Wilson, Sarah K. Wilson, Susie Grice, Mrs. Clayton 
Threadcraft. 

The following is an extract from the Virginian Pilot of May 
22nd, 1901 : 

" The Ladies' Memorial Aid Association has just completed 
the erection of new marble headstones over the graves in the 
Stranger Confederate lot in Cedar Grove Cemetery. It has for 
a long time been part of the love-inspired work of the Society 
to care for the gi'aves of soldiers who died here as strangers. 
Only six bodies lie buried in this lot. The graves are those of 
Private Charles E. Smith of Company I, Fourth Eegiment 
Georgia Infantry, died May 8th, 1861 ; Private Young W. H. 
Smith, Company I, Fourth Eegiment Georgia Volunteers, died 
May 11th, 1861; an Unknown Georgia Private; Albert Johnson, 
Isle of Wight County, Virginia; David Krantz, Valley of Vir- 
ginia; J. E. Hughes, Petersburg, Virginia; all privates. 

" The Memorial Association some months ago started a move- 
ment for the purchase of suitable marble slabs. Money was 
raised by private subscription, and the work finished in time 
for Confederate Memorial Day. The society had great difficulty 
in finding the names and regiments of the soldiers and the initials 
of another being unknown, although members of the Association 
remembered that three of the men were of some Georgia regi- 
ment. Letters were written to a number of prominent Georgians, 
including General J. B. Gordon and Wm. A. Wright, Comp- 
troller General of the State. 

" The latter inserted a card in the Atlanta Constituiion which 
brought the desired information in regard to the Smiths. C. A. 
Greer, of Oglethrope, Macon County, Georgia, wrote to Comp- 

— 297 — 



troller Wright, that the Smiths were brothers from his county 
and members of the ■\Iacon County Vohinteers. Comptroller 
Wright in a letter to the Memorial Asociation said : ' In behalf 
of the family of these two gallant soldiers, who appear to have 
been the first soldiers who died in ]\irtsmouth in April, in 18G1, 
and also in behalf of the Confederate Veterans of this State, I 
desire to convey to you our sincerest appreciation of your 
•efforts to properly mark the graves of these two soldiers.' 

" In the same lot has also been erected by the Ladies' Memorial 
Association and friends a handsome marble urn in memory of the 
Sisters of Mercy. The urn presents a handsome appearance and 
is suitably inscribed.'" 

Friday, May 15th, 1903, was a notable day in tlie history of 
the Ladies' Memorial Aid Association of Portsmouth, for on that 
day the Association saw fulfilled the promise made to themselves 
in the second clause of their constitution in Jime 1866, which 
was to erect a suitable monument to the Confederate soldiers of 
Portsmouth. So imperative was the call for help from the 
living that they laid aside all thought of erecting in their own 
name and on their own lot a memorial exclusively their own. 

But each year the list of beneficiaries grew smaller and the 
demands less urgent until at last in the early Spring of 1903, 
th§ Association felt justified in carrying out their long-delayed 
plan. A simple shaft of granite especially adapted to its purpose, 
" A Memorial Stone " was erected in the center of the soldier's 
lot. When unveiled that lovely May day in the presence of a 
large concourse of our citizens, every member of the Associa- 
tion radiant with joy felt that at last they could sliow to the world 
" here in simple unostentation we set our seal to the work of 
forty-two years." The pathos of the beautiful occasion was 
enhanced by the presence of one of the surviving members of 
the original Sisters of ^lercy. 

ViRGixiA S. Staples. 



— 2iS 



HOLLYWOOD MEMOELIL ASSOCIATIOX. 
RICHMOXD, VIEGIXLl. 

The Hollpvood Memorial Association of Eichmond, Vir- 
ginia was formally organized May 3, 1866 and chartered Janu- 
ary 19, 1891. It was formed to care for and preserve from 
neglect, the graves of about twelve thousand Confederate sol- 
diers, the majority of whom had died from wounds and disease 
in the hospitals of Eichmond. Memorial Day was at once 
inaugurated by this Association and promptly adopted by other 
Southern Associations. In spite of the impoverished condition of 
the people $26,620.00 was raised. The grounds of this part 
of Hollywood Cemetery, covering sixteen acres, were entirely 
unimproved and the whole of the sum raised and more was 
needed to clear the grounds, pave, drain, grade walks, mark 
each grave and erect a Memorial Pile of Virginia granite. A 
few years later three thousand bodies were removed from Get- 
tysburg and about a thousand more from the battlefields around 
Eichmond. These sixteen thousand graves represent every State 
of the Confederacy, and when the Sister States were called to 
help some years later in repairing the graves from the ravages 
of time and inevitable neglect, they turned not awav but sent 
from many Southern hearts substantial aid with ready sympa- 
thy in the work of this Association. Since May, 1880, when the 
Association was re-organized to May, 1901, $8,946.00 had been 
raised and expended in the care of these grounds. Sixteen 
acres is a large area to keep in order with limited means, and 
it has been done in this instance, only with the careful expendi- 
ture and constant watchfulness, by the loving hearts to whom 
was entrusted the espec-ial part of this work. The member- 
ship fee of one dollar a year is inadequate for the absolutely nec- 
essary expenses in caring for the grounds, and a movement is 
now on foot to secure an annual appropriation of the State 
Treasury for this purpose. It seems only proper that each 
Southern State should recognize in this manner, the debt due 
those who laid their lives down in defence of her rights and 
her honor. In 1891 the Hollywood Memorial Associatfon insti- 
tuted the custom of holding a mass meeting on the evening of 
the Annual meeting. The objects of this mass meetin^r are to 
inform the public of the years work, to keep alive int'ere^t in 
the objects of the Association, and to instruct the vouncr people 



— 299 — 



of the city in the causes and history of the war by an address 
from eitlicr a veteran or one competent for the work. The same 
year was begun the custom of holding ]\Iemorial Services in 
eacli of tlie various churches in turn the Sunday before Mem- 
orial Day. These services are of a strictly religious character and 
these three Memorials of tlie Confederacy hold in the month of 
May, and instituted by the Hollywood Memorial Association, 
have done much to excite the interest and enthusiasm of the 
younger generation and to implant in their hearts a love that 
will never die for those heroes who suffered defeat and death 
Avith a nobility of spirit that victory could never have given. 

In 1892 this association formed a branch Association com- 
posed of boys and girls known as the Junior Hollywood Mem- 
orial Association. It was the first Junior Association of this 
character in the city, it is a, body of reliable workers and from 
it must come the future of this Association. In 1893 the Holly- 
wood Memorial Association appealed to the City of Eichmond 
for the house occupied by President Davis during the war to 
be used as a Confederate Museum. By forming a new society 
to conform to some legal technicalities in the city charter, the 
Hollywood Memorial Association as the Confederate Memorial 
Literary Society, received the house, and the necessary amount 
to make the Museum fireproof, and to complete the monument 
in this city to the Private Soldier and Sailor, was promptly 
raised. Tlie present effort is not only to keep clean the hills 
and slopes of the soldiers' section in Hollywood, but to lend 
a helping hand in rearing a monument to President Davis that 
will attest through coming generations the loyalty of women 
of the South to her chosen Representative. The principal work 
of this association during the last thirty-six years may be briefly 
stated as folows: 

1st. The inauguration of Memorial Day in 1866 Mdiicli led 
to the institution of Memorial Day, there being authentic proof 
that the suggestion which led to a Xational ol)servance of the 
day was received from a visit to Hollywood on Memorial Day by 
a party of prominent Northern people. 

2d. The raising and expenditure of $26,620.00 in erecting a 
monument of Virginia granite marking twelve thousand graves, 
making beautiful the sixteen acres known as the soldier's section 
in Holh-wood and keeping this ground in order for thirty-six 
years. 

— 300 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENT, 

Unveiled 1869. 

Richmond, Virginia. 



Sd. Eemoving four thousand bodies from Gettysburg and 
other battlefields to Hollywood. 

4th. Establishing a Confederate Museum in this city. 

5th. The organization of three other societies viz : Confeder- 
ate Memorial Literary Society, Junior Hollywood Memorial 
Association, and Memorial Association at Appomattox. 

6th. Institution of an annual Confederate Mass Meeting 
on May 3d. 

7th. Institution of Memorial Sunday. 

The efEort not yet successful, but never to be abandoned until 
it does succeed of securing an annual appropriation from the 
State of Virginia to be expended by the various Memorial Asso- 
ciations in the State in preserving the Confederate Cemeteries 
not otherwise provided for, and thus securing for all time, the 
preservation of these sacred spots. This Association is careful 
to note this effort, because it is hoped that other Southern States 
following Virginia in this as in other efforts to preserve the 
truth of history, may make similar appropriations for their 
Confederate Cemeteries and thus record in their legislative 
enactments the intention of the Southern States, to do for their 
sons who died to defend State Sovereignty and Constitutional 
freedom, what a national government has done to preserve the 
gi-aves of those who died defending their conception of the 
Union. 

-Eecently the General Assembly of Virginia has passed an 
"Act" authorizing an annual appropriation for the care and 
preserving of Confederate graves and cemeteries in the State of 
Virginia not otherwise provided for. For the final success of 
this movement the Association is deeply indebted to Mrs. E. C. 
Minor, who was for so many years its faithful and efficient 
Corresponding Secretary. 

That the Hollywood Memorial Association has made an impress 
on the life of this people cannot be questioned, for since its organi- 
zation it has led in every movement in this city that pertained 
to perpetuating the memory of the Confederacy. The officers 
of the Hollywood Memorial Association are : Mrs. Joseph Bryan, 
President; Mrs. J. Taylor, Miss Baughman, Miss Boykin, Mrs. 
James B. Pace, Vice-Presidents ; Mrs. Maxwell T. Clarke, Treas- 
urer; Miss Mary G. Crenshaw, Eecording Secretary; Mrs. J. 
Calvin Stewart, Corresponding Secretary. It is with reverent 

— 301 — 



pride in the noble women who have given to its work of their 
best, tliat this history is published. 

Mary G. Crenshaw, 
Recording Secretary. 

() 

JUXIOR HOLLYWOOD MEMORL\L ASSOCIATION, 
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

Ten years ago the Hollywood Memorial Association, having 
been organized as a working band of Confederate women in 
1866, found their ranks beginning to thin by the age and 
death of its members, and decided to organize an auxiliary 
formed of the youths, both boys and girls thus keeping up 
the working ranks of a Cause that must not die in our South- 
land. The first meeting was held at the home of Mrs. P. H. 
Starke, May 7th, 1892, at which meeting Mrs. E. D. Hotch- 
kiss presided, the outcome of this meeting being the organization 
of the present body called the " Juniors." Thirty-seven names 
were enrolled with the following officers: President, Miss May 
Greer Baughman; Vice-President, Miss Elv. Maury Werth; 
Secretary, iliss Norma Stewart Walker; Treasurer, Master W. 
Douglas Gordon. This Association grew rapidly and in 1892 
had a meml)ership of 290. In 1893 the Juniors were asked to 
assist in the Confederate Bazaar, which was held in Richmond, 
for the joint purpose of completing "Private Soldiers' and Sailors' 
Monument," and to put the Jefferson Davis mansion in proper 
condition, to be used as a museum. The " Solid South " table, 
which they had charge of on this occassion met with unusual 
success, the amount turned into the treasury being the large 
sum of $2,102.03. The next work was the removal of fifty-two 
Confederate soldiers from Drewry's Bluff. This work was ably 
superintended by Mr. Richard Wilson. In many of the graves 
were only found a few bones, in others a belt buckle or some 
brass buttons. The remains were all carefully laid in separate 
pieces of oil-cloth. Tenderly they were re-interred in dear old 
Hollywood with military honors. The Senior Association each 
vtar has been assisted by the Juniors, and under the able leader- 
ship of Mrs. E. D. Hotchkiss, Honorary Vice-President, the 
Juniors have increased their ranks to three hundred and ninety- 
five. ]^Iany of the children in this work, after reaching man- 
hood and womanhood, dropped out, lea\'ing the faithful few who 

— 302 — 



worked with ever increasing zeal. The Juniors were given the 
task of decorating Lee and Howitzer Monuments on Memorial 
Day. In 1899 added to their charge was the officers' section, 
lying in a remote part of the cemetery, and found to need much 
attention. This section has been beautifully put in order, new 
headstones put where old ones had fallen down, and the section 
outlined by granite curbing. On Memorial Day this section is 
always tastefully decorated in flowers and Confederate flags, 
each member taking especial pride and pleasure in this work. 
Miss May Baughman, who has from its start, worked faithfully 
ia this Association, made four handsome bunting flags, two being 
hand-embroidered. These flags are the principal decoration used 
on General E. E. Lee's monument on Memorial Day, The pro- 
gram for the annual mass meeting of the Hollywood Memorial 
Association is arranged altogether by the Juniors. On Stonewall 
Jackson's birthday, 22nd of January, they always give a Silver 
Tea, thus bringing together socially all Confederate Organiza- 
tions, and also increasing the fund in the Treasury. 

The day before Memorial Day they gather at the Soldiers' 
Home to make wreaths and garlands to use in decorating monu- 
ments and sections. The old veterans cheerfully and gallantly 
assist in this work. June 1899, the Society met with a heavy 
loss in the death of their honored President, Mrs. Norma Stew- 
art Hume, who had grown up as a little girl in their midst, 
afterwards becoming their President. Mrs. N. V. Eandolph 
was then urged to take the leadership of the Juniors. Mrs. 
Eandolph, was of course, an active worker in the Senior Associa- 
tion, but loving to encourage and in every way help the young, 
she cheerfully and grandly pushed forward the work. The 
organization seemed to take new life under her leadership. Mrs. 
Eandolph, after getting them well started to work, felt that it 
was important that the President be one of the younger mem- 
bers, and at the ensuing election in 1901, declined re-nomina- 
tion. Miss Elizabeth Townes was then elected President, Miss 
Annie Gray, First Vice-President; Miss May Baughman, Second 
Vice-President; Miss Anna Boykin, Third Vice-President; Mrs. 
W. M. Wade, Eecording Secretary; Miss Luc^ Clair Atkin- 
son, Corresponding Secretary; Miss Bessie Hill, Treasurer. 
These officers Avere re-elected in 1902. The past year under 
Miss Townes has been a very successful one, much work having 
been accomplished. The Confederate Bazaar, which will be held 

— 303 — 



in April 1903, will find the Juniors in the front rank of work- 
ers again. This year the Juniors joined by invitation the Con- 
federated Southern Memorial Association. The Hollywood 
Memorial Association also extended an invitation to the Juniors 
to unite with them and form one organization. After due 
deliberation they decided to decline. While appreciating the 
vrish of the Seniors, it was considered best to continue workin>if 
as a separate Association, the members pledging themselves to 
assist the mother organization in any and every way. It is a 
distinct association, worthy to be the heirs in honor of its mother 
— the Holh-^'ood l^Iemorial Association, and may her mantle 
fall on the shoulders of her child — the Junior Hollpvood Mem- 
orial Association. 

Mrs. W. M. Wade, 
Ttccording Secretary. 


OAKWOOD MEMOEIAL ASSOCIATION, 
RICHMON"D, VIEGINIA. 

On the 19th of April, 1866, a little band gathered in the old 
Third Presbyterian Curch, and after a devout prayer by the Rev. 
Dr. Proctor, Oakwood Memorial Association was founded. 
This organization had for its object the caring for the graves, 
and perpetuating the memory of the soldiers and sailors of the 
Confederacy, wliose remains, to the number of over 16,000, 
rest within the confines of Oakwood Cemetery. The dead from 
the following States: Maryland, 19; Virginia, 1,138; North 
Carolina, 1,417; South Carolina, 510; Georgia, 1,696; Florida, 
345; Alabama, 928; Mississippi, 398; Louisiana, 149; Texas, 
193; Arkansas, 33; Tennessee, 134; Kentucky, 20; Recorded 
and State not given, 1,148; Unknown, 8,000; Total, 16,128. 
Many of the dear women founding that noble organization have 
long since entered into their eternal rest, but their younger sis- 
ters, their daughters and grand-daughters, prove now that their 
principles and teaching fell on fertile ground, for in all tliese 
long years which have elapsed, the Association has been steadily 
growing, and to-day it is one of the most active Confederate 
Memorial Associations in the South. 

May 10th, 1866 wa-s chosen as the inaugural memorial cele- 
bration, and it will show how eager the Association was to 
begin the service of honoring the brave Confederate Dead in 

— 304 — 



Oakwood, if I can copy a line or two from our old record, now in 
the keeping of the Confederate Museum : " About 9 a. m. the 
exercises began; opened by prayer, in old St. John's Church, 
by Dr. Price, an address followed by Dr. JSTorwood, after which 
the procession numbering 500 people, walking two and two, 
their arms loaded with spring's sweetest flowers, walked out to 
Oakwood, where several other addresses were listened to, as was 
also a letter from General Robert E. Lee." The graves of the 
Confederate soldiers were then tearfully strewn with evergreens 
and flowers. Ah ! these graves were then so newly made. Many 
a hand trembled, and many a sob came from those broken 
hearted women that first Memorial Day. June 26th, 1866, 
such names as President Davis and wife. General Eobert E. 
Lee and wife, Joseph E. Johnston and wife and Mrs. T. J. 
Jackson were added to Oakwood Memorial Association's list. 
Mrs. Mary H. Smith of sainted memory was the first President. 
May 24, 1866, Oakwood Memorial Association made a proposi- 
tion for a union with Hollywood Association (Hollywood 
Association was organized May 3, 1866), the proposition was 
duly presented by Dr. Edwards, and Hollywood rejected it. All 
hope of uniting the two Memorial Associations was then forever 
given up and Oakwood Memorial Association went to work in 
deed and in truth. Head-boards and foot-boards were placed 
over each grave, neatly marked with name, state and regi- 
ment, etc. Money was scarce ; but with self-denial and industry 
this task was soon accomplished. Legislatures of Georgia, South 
Carolina and Mississippi helping nobly in this cause. On 
July 4, 1866 the young men of the Eastern part of the city 
volunteered to work in Confederate section in Oakwood. The 
grounds were much improved and many flowers planted and 
general interest seemed to be growing in the younger set. 

February 1867 the city of Galveston gave Oakwood Memorial 
Association $382.66; the Association now sees her debts all 
paid, and with undaunted zeal, these loving hearts prepare to 
further honor her beloved dead by placing a monument to 
their memory, to stand a perpetual memorial of their glorious 
deeds. The corner stone of the monument was laid May 24th, 
1868, and on Memorial Day, 1872, the beautiful shaft of gran- 
ite was unveiled. The work of decay is, however, going on all 
this while on the wooden head and foot boards; they had in 
1887 become an unsightly spectacle, and as no funds were in 
liand to put new head boards, Oakwood Memorial Association 

— 305 — 



reluctantly consented to have the decayed, wooden boards re- 
moved, and maps of the ground were made by the City Engineer, 
graves located and numbered in a chart, and soon thereafter a 
fund was started for replacing the wooden liead boards with 
granite head and footstones, which will stand the ravages of 
time and weatlier. At this writing, we are still working to 
raise money for this object, Virginia Legislature has again and 
again been petitioned for help, so far in vain* 

In 18TT, the beloved first President, Mrs. Smith died. ^Irs. A. 
Y. Stokes succeeded her as President, working with much 
zeal for the good of the cause; she was succeeded by Mr.s. Ilonry 
Christian as President. It was during this admirable achnin- 
istration that the Junior Oakwood Memorial Association was 
organized, ^lareh 23, 189(1, Mrs. Alice Fitz, as the energetic 
President. This Junior Organization has been the comfort 
and pride of the Senior Association. Miss Bodeker was made 
President of the Senior Association, March 4, 1897. March 
7, 19U0, Mrs. Stephen Beveridge was elected President. She 
has ever had the loving supjiurt of both branches of the Associa- 
tion, and in this brief history it is impossible to tell how the 
Virginia Legislature has been petitioned, by-laws revised, new 
members added, etc.. and how cacli year with the coming of 
flowers and the glad song of bird, we weave wreatlis and gar- 
lands, and lay them upon the still bosoms of our sleeping heroes. 

Truly can it be said that our work is not being neglected 
in tlie hands of the present Association. The Juniors, so young 
and hopeful, and so eager, have joined in heartily; and it was 
from them came the suggestion that Oakwood Memorial Asso- 
ciation have a memorial service at some church on Sunday 
preceding ^lemorial Day. The idea was grasped at once, and 
all its possibilities for good recognized, and our first Memorial 
service in church was held Sunday evening, !May (>, 1900. The 
churcli was filled with the old veterans, and they had not then 
the form and front of grim visaged war, but a softened, sweet- 
ened expression, as they listened to the nuin of God, a son of an 
old Confederate veteran, Kev. Ashby Jones. Now our Mem- 
orial service is a fi.xed factor, and will never be discontinued. 
In 190(», Oakwood joined the Confederated Southern Memorial 
Association, and sent as a delegate to Louisville, Kentueky, 
one of its members, Mrs. D. C. Eichardson, who was then 

*8incc writinir the above the General Aaflomhly of Vir^ina b&s passed an act 
authorizing an annual appropriation for the care and preservation of Confedirat* 
graves, not otherwiae provided for. 

— 306 — 




CONFEDERATE MONUMENTS. 



Union Springs, Alabama. 

Unveiled i8q5. 
Portsmouth, Virginia. 

Unveiled 1903. 
Winchester, Virginia. 

Unveiled 1879. 



2. Albany, Georgia. 

Unveiled igoi. 
4. Manassas, Virginia. 

Unveiled i88g. 
6. Americus, Georgia. 

Unveiled 1901. 



chosen Vice-President for Virginia. In 1900 all the old vol- 
umes, containing the Oakwood Memorial Asociation's records, 
from organization, were lovingly gathered, and with the origi- 
nal books, containing the death roll of Confederates at Oak- 
wood, were presented to the Confederate Museum. Thus a 
volume of Oakwood's history was finished; and we lovingly 
gave it into the keeping of the Confederate Museum. We had 
a fac-simile of the old volume made, and a new chapter of 
Oakwood Memorial Association is now being written, and as 
the years go by this, too, shall be added to the Museum's sacred 
store. Let us hope as time goes on otlier volumes shall again 
and again be finished and given to the proper custodians, and 
thus the history of Oakwood Memorial Association be kept as 
loDg as the sun floods this blessed Southland, and as long as 
memory lasts. God bless the Confederated Southern Memorial 
Association, and grant to its meml>ers the spirit of unselfish 
devotion, and crown them with a womanhood as untarnished 
as is the glory of the brave Confederate dead. 

Mrs. Stephen Beveridge, 

President. 



JUNIOR OAKWOOD MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

The Junior Oakwood Memorial Association was organized 
March 23rd, 1896, with a mem1)ership of sixty. Its first and only 
President is Mrs. Alice C. Fitz, under whose guidance the Asso- 
ciation has pressed onvrard in the work of the Southern Cause, 
rendering ever a helping hand to the mother Association. Mrs. 
Fitz has ever endeavored to keep in the minds of those associated 
with her the object for which the Association was organized. The 
membership has decreased, still the remaining few are loyal to 
a Cause, dear to the hearts of the Southern women, who have 
endeavored to show to the world that the Heroes of '61-'65 will 
ever be remembered. The Junior Oakwood has on Memorial 
Day, May 10th (Annual), the care of the Soldiers' and Sailors' 
Monument, which stands on an eminence which is beheld by the 
parties entering historic Richmond, whether by water or rail. 
The ent? ance to Oakwood Cemetery where stands the first monu- 
ment e ected to the Confederate Dead, is also the care of the 
Juniors, and it is saying indeed little, when I say the Juniors 
perfoTm well every duty assigned. 

— 307 — 



COXFEDERATE MEMORIAL LITERARY SOCIETY, 
RICHMO XI), VIRG IXI A. 



Object: The Preservation of Confederate Records and Relics. 
The CoxfEDERATE Museum. 

On May 26, 1890, in the City of Richmond, A^irginia, "The 
Confederate Memorial Literary Society" was organized from the 
"Ladies Holl}'Ts-ood Memorial Association," an association which 
had been in existence since May 3, 1866. The new society was 
duly chartered May 31, 1890, and at once began its work, which 
was to collect and receive by gift, purchase or otherwise all 
books and other literary productions pertaining to the late war 
between the States, and of those engaged therein; all works of 
art and science, all battle-flags and relics and other emblems of 
that struggle, and to preserve and keep the same for the use of 
said society and the public. 

The purpose of the society was first to secure the house which 
had been occupied by President Jefferson Davis during the war, 
and to convert it into a Confederate Memorial Hall, which should 
represent the whole South, in the Capital of the Confederate 
States. To seek the endorsement and co-operation of these 
States and the Confederate Camps, an appeal was published in 
every Southern newspaper, and sent broad-cast to all Southern- 
ers, asking their aid to establish this Museum in the "White 
House of the Confederacy,"' to be a combined offering of love 
and gratitude from the entire Southern people, to commemo- 
rate the virtues of the heroes from all the Southern States. How 
heartily this was indorsed was shown by the magnificent re- 
ceipts, both in money and in relics, from the " Memorial 
Bazaar," held in Richmond, in the early spring of 1893. 

Recovered at last from its use as headquarters for the Federal 
troops and the threatened use of it by the "Freedmen's Bureau" 
as a negro school, this historic building was donated to the 
Confederate Memorial Literary Society in December, 1890, and 
was presented by John B. Cary, on the part of the city on June 
3, 1894, for the purposes assigned in its charter. The last 
official act of the Hon. J. Taylor Ellyson, as ^Mayo.- of the 
City of Richmond, Va., was to affix his signature to this deed. 
The work of restoration was immediately begun. The repairs 

— 30S — 



\ 



were necessarily costly and extensive, when the building is pre- 
served, as it was when used as the Executive Mansion of the 
Confederate States, except that it is now fire-proof and steam- 
heated. The work was somewhat delayed by a consideration of 
the plans proposed by Mr. C. B. Eouss and presented to the 
society by Col. E. C. Wood and others in the fall of 1893. 

These plans were almost identical with our own, which were 
by this time already well advanced. It was not, however, until 
1896 that the building was ready for the reception of its 
treasures, the collection of which had been in charge of a 
special committee for three years. 

On February 22, 1896, it was formally opened to the public 
with appropriate exercises, prayer by the world renowned divine 
and loyal Confederate, Eev. Moses D. Hoge, D. D., and an 
eloquent address by Gen. Bradley T. Johnson, who was intro- 
duced by the Governor, Charles T. OTerrell. All of the city 
officials and members of the Legislature were present, and the 
battalion and band of the Eichmond Light Infantry Blues in 
attendance. 

A room was assigned to each State, Eegents and Vice-Eegents 
having already been elected, and the work of placing the relics 
was begun. The Southern Historical Society accepted a room 
as the future home for its valuable library, archives and other 
historical data, and in two weeks time the rooms presented the 
appearance which justified the collection of an entrance fee. 
Saturdays were made free. Necessary committees for the man- 
agement of the Museum had been appointed. There was also an 
advisory board of Confederate Veterans, some of the most 
prominent gentlemen of the city. Miss Isabel Maury, a relative 
of Commodore Matthew F. Maury and of Gen. Dabney H. 
Maury was elected House Eegent, and a janitor was appointed. 
Other assistants soon became necessary and two Confederate 
Veterans were elected for these duties. 

From the opening of the Museum on February 2 2d, until 
the following December, the visitors numbered nearly eight 
thousand, of whom one-fourth were from the North and foreign 
countries. These visitors nimiber nearly 10,000 each year. At 
the reunion of Confederate Veterans held in Eichmond in 1896, 
Mrs. Davis, once more in her old home, held a reception for 
these old heroes and the public. She was assisted by her daugh- 
ter, Mrs. Maggie Davis Hayes, and her grandson, Jefferson 

— 309 — 



Davis, illness preventing the presence of "Miss Winnie." It 
was at once inspiring and pathetic to witness the loyal devotion 
there displayed. 

Old mantels and chandeliers and a small portion ot" tiie furni- 
ture and draperies belonging to the home-life of 1861-1865 have 
been replaced. Over each door is the name of the State repre- 
sented and her coat of arms, and in each room have been placed 
sealed ebony cases, brackets and revolving frames, copied from 
the best authorities. A handsome souvenir book has been printed 
containing the charter of the Society, the opening prayer and 
addresses, the sketches of the record of each State in the war, 
with illustrations of the building and relics. A catalogue was is- 
sued in 189S, the articles then nuiubering over four thousand. 
Since that time numerous valualde relics have been added anvi 
valuable historic papers received. South Carolina has purchased 
one hundred copies of this catalogue for distribution in the State. 

The shaft of the "Virginia" (the old Merrimac), raised from 
the spot where she was sunk by her own crew with her colors 
flying, has been presented to the Museum, and the occasion was 
marked by appropriate ceremonies. One of the latest and most 
valuable acquisitions is "the Chapman pictures," the purchase 
of which was made po.ssible by contributions from dilferent 
States, all except two responding to an appeal for the purpose. 
This collection consists of thirty-one oil paintings made by ^Fr. 
Conrad Wise Chapman, stationed in Charleston. South Carolina, 
during its siege. The incidents of that siege he has chosen for 
his theme in these paintings. These pictures are valuable not 
only for the interest which attaches to that marvellous defence, 
but as a living witness to the truth of history. Two of the 
number show the first torpedo boats successfully used in naval 
warfare, constructed and manned by Confederates, and another 
represents calcium lights also used for the first time in war. A 
drawing of these boats has been granted by the Society for the 
forth-coming volume of the Xaval Records by the United States 
CTOvernment. Important data in the United States War Records 
were obtained here as well as from the Southern Historical 
Society. 

A valuable libi-ary is likewise being collected of all data per- 
taining to the war, and to the period both before and after that 
tremendous struggle. In this library are fifty-five volumes 
already complete with the register of the names and records of 
8.(>(M» Confederate soldiers. For this puri)(»se blank fumis called 

— 310 — 



*'Rolls of Honor," to be filled with name and attested record of 
any soldier, are sent out by a "Memorial Committee" whose duty 
it is to secure as many of these forms filled as pos- 
sible. These are bound and placed in the Museum, 
where they are open for inspection. There is a con- 
tinuing demand for these blanks, and it is the earnest de- 
sire of the Society that the name of every Confederate soldier 
shall be obtained by the efforts of camps, families and friends, 
that they may through all time stand upon this "Battle Abbey 
Eoll" of the Confederate States. A large number of rosters of 
the Missouri troops have been presented to the Missouri Eoom, 
by the Daughters of the Confederacy of that State, and many 
others of different States have been placed in the Museum. Lee 
Camp, Soldiers' Home of Kichmond, Va., has already placed 
some of its relies here, while its entire collection is pledged 
hereafter. The Soldiers' Home at Higginsville, Missouri, has 
deeded its treasures finally to this Society, and we have other 
promises to like effect. 

The well known "Mary De Eenne Collection," presented to 
the Georgia Eoom, by Dr. Everard De Eenne in memory of his 
mother, is one of the most valuable Confederate records in 
existence. The Georgia Eoom also holds the "Gilmer Memor- 
ials" in memory of Gen. J. F. Gilmer, Chief of the Engineer 
Bureau of the Confederacy. These were presented by his 
daughter, Mrs. J. Florence Minus, of Savannah, Ga. In this 
Memorial are a number of the original maps of Gettysburg and 
the Virginia campaigns. When being framed in New York, 
these maps were seen and an offer of $5,000 was made for them, 

Texas has adopted a plan differing from other States, sending 
furniture carved and inlaid with Confederate flags and brass 
plates, as memorials of her heroes, and of the battles in which 
they became immortal. Two memorial windows will soon be put 
in place in this room, one will be to Hood's Division. In this 
brief sketch it is impossible to give any adequate idea of the 
work done, or of the relics stored in each room. In some of 
these rooms it seems that every available space is filled with 
memorials of all kinds; in others the collection is not so large, 
while others still are sadly deficient. The grounds, building 
and furnishing represent over $60,000, while the contents are 
beyond any valuation. The current expenses are covered by 
the door fees, sale of souvenirs, books and annual membership 
fees, while for other necessary expenditures, entertainments and 

— 311 — 



various efforts are required. Life membership fees go toward 
an Endowment Fund. 

The Daughters of the Confederacy when in convention at 
Riclimond, passed a resolution that eacli State President shouhl 
recommend some appropriation from each Chapter towards the 
expenses of the Museum and her own room. Six Chapters 
in Georgia have responded, tlie Augusta Chapter pledging ten 
dollars annually, also three chapters in South Carolina and a few 
others. South Carolina, by the solicitation of her regent, has 
ordered through her Legislature an appropriation of $100 for 
this work. There are continued calls on the treasury for repairs 
and improvements on the house and grounds, painting, and new 
fixtures to accommodate the increasing gifts. The wonder- 
ful collection now in the Museum (with the exception of the 
Chapman pictures) has been a free will offering. It has been 
with grief that many valuable relics offered for sale have had to 
be declined. 

The interest and number nf visitors have continued undi- 
minished and it is with pleasure that we find our work is 
generally appreciated. An Englishman who had visited many 
Museums said to our House-Ecgeut, that the Confederate Mu- 
sotfm in the liome of Jefferson Davis, President of the Confed- 
erate States, at Richmond, is not surpassed by any in interest 
nor in its classifications and arrangements. 

The aim of tliis first report of the Confederate Memorial 
Literary Society has been to give an outline of the work under- 
taken and accomplished so far by this Society. In the brief 
space allotted us, necessarily much of interest has had to be 
omitted. It would be difficult under any circumstance to give 
a true conception of the relics gathered into this treasure-house 
of our l)eloved Cause. Without the actual presence one can not 
realize the thrill of awakened love and agony as we gaze upon 
the spotless uniform of the Chieftain and the matchless Chris- 
tian soldier, donned for the first and last time amid his ragged, 
starving soldiers, when he passed before them to lay down more 
than life at Ai)i)omattox, the garments stained with the life- 
blood of " Stonewall " Jackson, the once flowing plumes now 
worn and rusty of that gallant knight, J. E. B. Stuart, the 
gauntlets of the wise and far-seeing Johnston, the saddle of the 
daring, dauntless Morgan, the field-glasses of the marvelous 
Forrest, " the Niagara of the West," and those used by that 
L'liivis uf war, P.eauvegard. "What more shall I say, for the 

— 312 — 



time will fail me, if I tell *' of those beloved by us, as by their 
own States, of Hood, Gordon, Hampton, A. P. Hill, Breathed, 
Pelham, Loring, Cleburne, Price, " who through faith subdue 
kingdoms, from weakness were made strong, waxed mighty in 
war, turning to flight armies of the aliens ;" and of him who bore 
the sorrows of them all! In a little room of his once happy 
home, where he had so often held conference with Lee and Jack- 
son, planning, in hope, victory and triumph of right, there now 
greets our eyes the simple suit of gray, worn by Jefferson 
Davis, when captured. Was he a traitor? Then were all these 
others! Indicted as a traitor, manacled as a felon, charged 
with crimes, suffering the penalty of the law, while all others 
went free. 

Verily shall the Southern people have turned traitor to all 
they once held dear, and to their own lofty ideals when they 
fail to honor the man they themselves placed in the fore-front 
of danger ! 

The officers of the Confederate Memorial and Literary Society 

are : 

President, Mrs. Joseph Brvan ; Honorary Vice-President, Mrs. 
E. D. Hotchkiss ; First Vice-President, Mrs. Alfred Gray ; Sec- 
ond Vice-President, Mrs. E. C. Minor; Third Vice-President, 
Mrs. Annie E. Grant ; Treasurer, Mrs. H. T. Ellyson ; Eecording 
Secretary, Mrs. J. E. Eobinson; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. 
Lizzie Cary Daniel. 

Advisory Board. — Mr. Joseph Bryan, Chairman; Judge E. C. 
Minor, Colonel W. G. McCabe, J. Taylor Ellyson, E. V. Valen- 
tine, Judge George L. Christian, Colonel W. E. Cutshaw, Colonel 
John B. Purcell, E. D. Hotchkiss, E. S. Bosher; Dr. J. P. 
Smith, Chaplain. 

Eegents and Vice-Eegents. 

Maryland— Eegent, Mrs. William Eeed; Vice-Eegent Mrs. C. 
O'B. Cowardin. 

Virginia— Eegent, Miss Mildred Lee; Vice-Eegent, Mrs. J. 
Taylor Ellyson. 

North Carolina — Eegent, Mrs. Armistead Jones ; Vice-Eegent, 
Mrs. John W. Gordon. 

South Carolina— Eegent, Miss Mary Singleton Hampton; 
Vice-Eegent, Mrs. H. A. Claiborne. 

Georgia— Eegent, Mrs. Eobert Emory Pails; Vice-Eegent, 
Miss K. C. Stiles. 

Florida — Eegent, Mrs. Francis P. Fleming; Vice-Eegent, 
Mrs. E. A. Patterson. 

Alabama — Eegent, Miss Mary Clayton; Vice-Eegent, Mrs J. 
H. Drake. 

— 313 — 



Mississippi — Regent, Mrs. J. M. Duncan, Jr.; Vice-Regent, 
Mrs. J. P. Mcintosh. 

Louisiana — Reiicnt, Mrs. Jolm Young Gilniore; Vice-Regent, 
Mrs. L. R. Dash i ell. 

Texas — Regent, Mrs. A. V. Winkler; Vice-Regent, Mrs. Caz- 
neau ^IcLeod. 

Arkansas — Regent, Mrs. James Sparks; Vice-Regent, Mrs. 
Decatur Axtell. 

Tennessee — Regent, Mrs. Kellar Anderson ; Vice Regent, Mrs. 
X. V. Randolph. 

Kentucky — Regent, Mrs. Basil Duke; Vice-Regent, Miss M. 
P. Harris. " 

^lissoiiri — Regent, Mrs. L. B. Valliant; Vice-Regent, Mrs. 
G. P. Stacy. .• .j 

Solid South — Regent, Miss Nannie Randolph Heth; Vice- 
Regent, Miss Minnie Baughman. 

Lizzie Cart Daniel, 
Corresponding Secretary. 



LADIES' CONFEDERATE MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION, 
WINCHESTER, VIRGINIA. 

On the 18th day of April, ISGl, the day after the Virginia 
Convention passed the ordinance of secession, six or eight com- 
panies of Virginia volunteers arrived in Winchester, where they 
were joined by three companies from the town. That night they 
went by rail to Hallto'wn. and found on their arrival at that place 
the greater portion of the 2nd Virginia Regiment, which had 
been called out by the Colonel commanding before he received 
orders from the Governor. Halltown is four miles from Harper's 
Ferry, and the object of the expedition was to capture the latter 
place where were located an arsenal and an armory of the 
Fnited States. There was a company of TJ. S. regulars at 
Harper's Ferry, but on the approach of the Virginia troops 
they set fire to the public buildings and evacuated the place. The 
armory was saved, and its machinery removed South and used 
during the war in the manufacture of arms. 

The Virginia soldiers were not equipped for war, and at first 
had neither a commissary nor quartermasters department. The 
ladies of Winchester at once organized a relief corps and went 
to work, making suitable and necessary clothing for the soldiers 
in the field. At the head of this organiaztion was !^^rs. Philip 

— 31 J — 




OFFICERS OF MEMORIAL ASSOCIATIONS. 

2. Mrs 



Mrs. Marv Ann Forman, 
Quincy, Florida. 

Mrs. Mary E. Moore, 

Portsmouth, Virginia 

Mrs. Jennie Edwards, 

St. Louis, Missouri. 



Annie R. Munnerlyn, 
Waynesboro, Georgia. 

4. Mrs. R H. M. Davidson, 
Quincy, Florida. 

6. Mrs. Rosa Moore McMaster, 
Waynesboro, G-orgia. 



Williams, a lady of great energy and executive ability. She 
soon gathered around her an army of earnest workers, who, 
from that time until the close of the war, devoted themselves 
to feeding, clothing, and nursing Confederate soldiers, and to 
their kind care many a Confederate soldier owes his life. There 
were half a dozen battles fought in and near the town, and 
skirmishes almost innumerable. The place changed hands 
eighty-seven (87) times during the war, and almost every field 
along the turnpike leading from the northern to the southern 
line of Frederick County (of which Winchester is the County 
seat) was a battle field. For the four years of the war there were 
Confederate hospitals in the town, and the nurses, with the 
exception of detailed men, were all volunteers from the ladies 
of the place, who worked night and day without pay or reward 
in relieving the sufferings of the sick and wounded in hospitals 
and private homes. 

Within a few weeks after the surrender at Appomattox and 
certainly not later than the month of May, 1865, for it was 
while the farmers were hrealcing up their land for corn planting, 
Mrs. Williams called at the residence of the Eev. Dr. A. H. H. 
Boyd — who was then suffering from disease contracted in a 
Federal prison and from which he died a few months later. 
Mrs, Boyd was a sister-in-law of Mrs. Williams, and had been 
one of her most active co-workers during the war. 

As soon as Mrs. Williams entered the room, she said that a 
farmer had told her the day before that in preparing his land 
for corn, he had plowed up the remains of two Confederate 
soldiers, and that a neighbor had had a similar experience ; that 
she had been kept awake nearly all night trying to devise some 
plan by which the further desecration of the graves could be 
prevented. 

After discussing the matter for some time, these tu^o ladies 
determined to call together at an early day those who had worked 
so faithfully during the war, and organize a Memorial Associa- 
tion, the object of which should be to gather together in one 
grave yard all the Confederate Dead within a radius of twelve 
or fifteen miles, and get the people to assemble every year and 
place flowers and evergreens upon the graves. During the 
discussion of the plan, Dr. Boyd, who was in his sick bed, and 
it might be said on his death bead — every now and then made 
a suggestion, and when the plan was determined upon and Mrs. 

— 315 — 



Williams was about to leave the room, he asked to be propped 
up, and then said : *' Let us ask God's blessing upon your work." 
These two ladies knelt at the bed-side of the sick minister, who 
prayed that means might be provided to make the undertaking 
a success, and that God would put it into the hearts of the people 
for generations to come to meet together every year and iionor 
the memories of these brave and noble dead. 

The prayer has been answered ! 

The writer cannot say on what day the ^leinorial Association 
was organized, but remembers distinctly its members met fre- 
quently at the residence of Dr. Boyd during the summer of 1805 
— they met there to accommodate Mrs. Boyd, who could seldom 
leave her husband on account of his illness. 

Long before the summer was over the Association was actively 
at work with the following officers, viz: President, Mrs. Philip 
Williams; Vice-Presidents, Mrs. A. H. H. Boyd, Miss Mary 
Kurtz, Miss Tillie Hussell; Secretary, Miss Lucy Williams. 
Mrs. Williams also acted as Treasurer. 

The soldiers who died in the hospitals and private houses had 
been buried principally in an abandoned church graveyard in the 
town, while those who were killed in battle had been generally 
buried on the field. The undertaking was a large one. The 
Southern people were impoverished, and the Shenandoah Valley 
had been laid waste. But these noble women of the Winchester 
Memorial Association determined to overcome all difficulties, 
and what they lacked in money they made up in pluck and devo- 
tion. Some time during the summer or early fall of 1SG5, the 
citizens of Winchester held a meeting and appointed a committee 
to co-operate with the Ladies' Memorial Association, and in an 
address appealing to the people of the South for pecuniary aid, 
the committee stated that they had been appointed by a ]nihlio 
meeting of citizens "held in furtherance of the design originated 
by Mrs. Philip Williams and Mrs. A. H: IL Boyd." 

The Ladies' Association and the Committee worked in perfect 
harmony, and soon accumulated sufficient funds to justify a 
beginning. The people from most of the Southern States 
responded liberally, and with the opening of Spring in 1866, 
the land had been purchased and paid for, and the work of re-in- 
terment begun. The remains of each soldier were placed in 
a separate coffin and in a separate grave, and many were brought 
from ten to fifteen miles. There were 3,4iU in all, and on the 

— 316 — 



25th of October, 1866, eighteen months after the close of the 
war, the work of removal had been completed, and "Stonewall 
Cemetery" was formally dedicated. 

The remains of General Turner Ashby were brought from the 
University of Virginia, and placed in " Stonewall " on the day of 
the dedication. The exercises and ceremonies were solemn and 
impressive and there were thousands of people present. Ex- 
Governor Henry A. Wise delivered the address in which he said : 
"A Lost Cause ! // Lost it was false; if true it is not lost." 

But the work was not yet finished. It is true that the dead 
had been removed to a safe resting place, and there v/as no 
longer any danger of the graves being desecrated. Stonewall 
Cemetery is situated in the eastern part of the city, and adjoins 
Mount Hebron, the Citizens' Cemetery. They are enclosed to- 
gether with a handsome iron fence, a mile or more in length, 
the gift of Charles Broadway Eouss, who, with his father, 
mother, wife, son and daughter sleep in the magnificent mauso- 
leum which he erected in Mount Hebron before his death. For 
a valuable consideration already paid, the Mount Hebron Com- 
pany is bound to take care of Stonewall Cemetery for all time 
to come, thus insuring that the latter will not be neglected. 

Stonewall Cemetery is divided into lots, walks and driveways — 
a lot for the dead of each State, and a center mound in which 
are buried eight hundred and fifteen (815) "Unknown and 
Unrecorded Dead." The graves of the known were all marked 
with head-boards, containing the name, rank, company and 
regiment, and the plan contemplated that before these head- 
boards would decay the i>eople of each State would replace 
them with marble or granite headstones. With the exception of 
two States this has been done, and arrangements are now being- 
made by patriotic women in these two States to place head- 
stones in their . respective lots. A majority of the States have 
also erected handsome monimients. But while it was believed 
that each State would mark the graves of its known dead, there 
was no State to provide for the unknown. The Memorial Asso- 
ciation undertook this work and in 1879 erected a magnificent 
monument of marble nearly fifty feet in height, and at a cost of 
ten thousand ($10,000) dollars, on which are carved the words: 

" Who they were, none know, 
What they were, all know." 

They also erected a handsome monument in the Virginia lot and 

— 317 — 



one to the Ashby Brothers, and placed marble headstones at each 
grave in that lot. 

The Gth of June, the anniversary of the death of General 
Turner Ashby, is our Memorial Day. It was observed in 1866, 
and without intermission has been observed every year since. 
The people come by tiiousands from this and the adjoining 
counties of Virginia, and West Virginia, and it is a day as well 
known in our calendar as the 22d day of February or the 4th of 
July. 

The Ladies' Memorial Association has charge of the ceremonies 
on the Gth of June, and have had since 1806. They are materi- 
ally assisted by the Daughters of the Confederacy and the 
Turner Ashby Camp, but all invitations are sent out and all 
arrangements made in the name of the Association. It has now 
very few members on its roll. The Daughters have taken their 
places and the surviving members of the Association are enrolled 
among the Daughters, and in some instances the same person 
holds office in both organizations. 

The present officers of the Association are : Vice-Presidents, 
Miss Mary Kurtz and Miss Lucy Russell. Miss Russell is also 
the Treasurer and Acting Secretary. No one has been formally 
elected President since the death of Mrs. Bovce. 



— 31S 



iyj4 



